UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 

FORM 6-K
 

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 UNDER
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the month of August 2024
 
Commission file number: 001-41687
 

BITDEER TECHNOLOGIES GROUP
 

08 Kallang Avenue
Aperia tower 1, #09-03/04
Singapore 339509
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.  Form 20-F  ☒          Form 40-F  ☐
 


INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

This report on Form 6-K is hereby incorporated by reference in the registration statements of Bitdeer Technologies Group on Form F-3 (No. 333-273905, No. 333-278027, No. 333-278029 and No. 333-280041), to the extent not superseded by documents or reports subsequently filed or furnished.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

The exhibits relate to the closing of the offering of Bitdeer Technologies Group’s 8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (the “Convertible Notes”), priced on August 15, 2024. On August 20, 2024, Bitdeer Technologies Group issued US$172,500,000 aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes (including US$22,500,000 aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes pursuant to the exercise in full by the underwriters in that offering of their over-allotment option to purchase additional Convertible Notes).


EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit No.
Description
   
Underwriting Agreement, dated August 15, 2024, between Bitdeer Technologies Group and BTIG, LLC, relating to the Convertible Notes
   
4.1
Indenture, dated August 20, 2024, between Bitdeer Technologies Group and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association


4.2
First Supplemental Indenture, dated August 20, 2024, between Bitdeer Technologies Group and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association


5.1
Opinion of Ogier relating to the Class A ordinary shares and the Convertible Notes

 
5.2
Opinion of Cooley LLP relating to the Convertible Notes

 
23.1
Consent of Ogier (included in Exhibit 5.1)

 
23.2
Consent of Cooley LLP (included in Exhibit 5.2)


SIGNATURE
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 

Bitdeer Technologies Group



By:
/s/ Jihan Wu

Name:
Jihan Wu

Title:
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer



Date: August 20, 2024






Exhibit 1.1

Execution Version

Underwriting Agreement

August 15, 2024
 

BTIG, LLC
350 Bush Street, 9th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94104
United States
 
Ladies and Gentlemen:
 
Bitdeer Technologies Group, an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Company”), proposes, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this agreement (this “Agreement”), to issue and sell to the Underwriters named in Schedule I hereto (the “Underwriters”), for whom you are acting as representative (the “Representative”), an aggregate of US$150,000,000 principal amount of the Company’s 8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (the “Firm Securities”) and, at the election of the Underwriters, up to an aggregate of US$22,500,000 additional principal amount of such 8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (the “Optional Securities”) as provided in Section 2(c). The Firm Securities and any Optional Securities that the Underwriters elect to purchase pursuant to Section 2 hereof are collectively called the “Offered Securities.”
 
The Class A ordinary shares, par value US$0.0000001 per share, of the Company (the “Ordinary Shares”) to be issued upon conversion of the Offered Securities, if any, shall be hereinafter referred to as the “Underlying Securities.” The Offered Securities will be issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of August 20, 2024 (as amended or supplemented, the “Base Indenture”), between the Company and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”), as supplemented by the first supplemental indenture, dated as of August 20, 2024, between the Company and the Trustee (the “Supplemental Indenture and, together with the Base Indenture, the “Indenture”).
 
If no other Underwriters are listed on Schedule I, all references to Representative and Underwriters shall refer only to you.
 
1.
Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, each of the Underwriters that:
 
 
(a)
The Company meets the requirements for the use of Form F-3 under the Act. The Company has filed with the Commission a registration statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-278027), including a related prospectus or prospectuses, covering the registration of the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities under the Act, which has become effective. “Registration Statement” at any particular time means such registration statement in the form then filed with the Commission, including any amendment thereto, any document incorporated by reference therein (the “Incorporated Documents”) and all 430B Information and all 430C Information with respect to such registration statement, that in any case has not been superseded or modified. “Registration Statement” without reference to a time means the Registration Statement as of the Effective Time. For purposes of this definition, 430B Information shall be considered to be included in the Registration Statement as of the time specified in Rule 430B.

Any reference in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein, as of the effective date of the Registration Statement or the date of such Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, as the case may be and any reference to “amend”, “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include any documents filed after such date that are deemed to be incorporated by reference therein.
 
For purposes of this Agreement:


“430B Information” means information included in a prospectus then deemed to be a part of the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 430B(e) or retroactively deemed to be a part of the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 430B(f).
 
“430C Information” means information included in a prospectus then deemed to be a part of the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 430C.

“Act” means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“Applicable Time” means 11:45 p.m., New York City time, on August 15, 2024.

“Commission” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Effective Time” of the Registration Statement relating to the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities means the time of the first contract of sale for the Offered Securities.

“Exchange Act” means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

“Final Prospectus” means the Statutory Prospectus that discloses the Purchase Price, other 430B Information and other final terms of the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities and otherwise satisfies Section 10(a) of the Act.
 
“Knowledge” means the actual knowledge of any of (i) the Company’s Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer, (ii) the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, (iii) the Company’s Chief Business Officer and (iv) the Company’s Chief Strategy Officer, in each case after reasonable inquiry of officers, directors and employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries under such Person’s direct supervision who would reasonably be expected to have knowledge or information with respect to the matter in question.

“Rules and Regulations” means the rules and regulations of the Commission.
 
“Statutory Prospectus” with reference to any particular time means the prospectus (including a prospectus supplement) relating to the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities that is included in the Registration Statement immediately prior to that time, including all 430B Information and all 430C Information with respect to the Registration Statement. For purposes of the foregoing definition, 430B Information shall be considered to be included in the Statutory Prospectus only as of the actual time that form of prospectus (including a prospectus supplement) is filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) and not retroactively.
 
Unless otherwise specified, a reference to a “Rule” is to the indicated rule under the Act.
 

(b)
(i) (A) At the time the Registration Statement initially became effective, (B) at the time of each amendment thereto for the purposes of complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the Act (whether by post- effective amendment, incorporated report or form of prospectus), (C) at the Effective Time relating to the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities and (D) at each Time of Delivery, the Registration Statement conformed and will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Act, the Rules and Regulations and the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the “Trust Indenture Act”), and did not and will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading and (ii) (A) on its date, (B) at the time of filing the Final Prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b) and (C) at each Time of Delivery (as hereinafter defined), the Final Prospectus will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations, and will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading. The preceding sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from any such document based upon written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representative specifically for use therein.

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(c)
(i) (A) At the time of initial filing of the Registration Statement, (B) at the time of the most recent amendment thereto for the purposes of complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the Act (whether such amendment was by post-effective amendment, incorporated report filed pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or form of prospectus), and (C) at the time the Company or any person acting on its behalf (within the meaning, for this clause only, of Rule 163(c)) made any offer relating to the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities in reliance on the exemption of Rule 163, the Company met the then applicable requirements for use of Form F-3 under the Act, including compliance with General Instruction I.B.1 of Form F-3, as applicable.
 
(ii) The Registration Statement initially became effective within three years of the date of this Agreement. If immediately prior to the Renewal Deadline (as hereinafter defined), any of the Offered Securities remain unsold by the Underwriters, the Company will prior to the Renewal Deadline, if it has not already done so and is eligible to do so, promptly file a new shelf registration statement or post-effective amendment on the proper form relating to the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities, in a form satisfactory to the Representative, use its best efforts to cause such registration statement or post-effective amendment to be declared effective as soon as practicable, and promptly notify the Representative of such effectiveness. The Company will take all other action necessary or appropriate to permit the public offering and sale of the Offered Securities to continue as contemplated in the expired registration statement relating to the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities. References herein to the Registration Statement shall include such new shelf registration statement. “Renewal Deadline” means the third anniversary of the initial effective time of the Registration Statement.
 
(iii) No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued under the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or are pending before or, to the Knowledge of the Company, are contemplated or threatened by the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for additional information has been complied with. The Company will advise the Representative, promptly after it receives notice or obtains Knowledge of the issuance or threatened issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, of the suspension of the qualification of the Offered Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose, and it will use its commercially reasonable efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order or to obtain its withdrawal if such a stop order should be issued. The Company will advise the Representative promptly after it receives any request by the Commission for any amendments to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplements to the Final Prospectus or for additional information related to the Offered Securities or for additional information related to the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus.
 

(d)
Each document, if any, filed or to be filed pursuant to the Exchange Act and incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Final Prospectus and the General Disclosure Package (as defined below) complied or will comply when so filed in all material respects with the Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
 

(e)
The Company has not, directly or indirectly, prepared, used or referred to, and will not, directly or indirectly, prepare, use or refer to, any free writing prospectus, as such term is defined in Rule 405 under the Act, in connection with the offer and sale of the Offered Securities.
 

(f)
As of the Applicable Time, the preliminary prospectus supplement, dated August 15, 2024, including the base prospectus dated April 2, 2024 (which is the most recent Statutory Prospectus distributed to investors generally) together with the pricing term sheet as set forth in Schedule II hereto and as filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b), all considered together (collectively, the “General Disclosure Package”), did not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The preceding sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from any Statutory Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representative specifically for use therein.

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(g)
Each of the Company and any subsidiary that is a significant subsidiary (as such term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the Commission) (each, a “Subsidiary,” collectively, the “Subsidiaries”) has been duly incorporated, organized and is validly existing and in good standing (to the extent such concept is applicable) under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of incorporation or organization, are duly qualified to do business and are in good standing (to the extent such concept is applicable) in each jurisdiction in which their respective ownership or lease of property or the conduct of their respective businesses requires such qualification, and have all power and authority necessary to own or hold their respective properties and to conduct the businesses in which they are engaged, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing or have such power or authority would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the business, properties, management, financial position, shareholders’ equity, results of operations or prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole or on the performance by the Company of its obligations under this Agreement (a “Material Adverse Effect”). The amended and restated memorandum and articles of association of the Company comply with the requirements of applicable Cayman law and are in full force and effect.
 

(h)
The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the equity interests of the Subsidiaries free and clear of any lien, charge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal or other restriction, and all the equity interests of the Subsidiaries are validly issued and are fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive and similar rights. The Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other entity other than the subsidiaries listed in Exhibit 8.1 to the Company’s most recent annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 (the “Annual Report”) and other than (i) those subsidiaries not required to be listed on Exhibit 8.1 by Item 601 of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act, and (ii) those subsidiaries formed or acquired since the last day of the most recently ended fiscal year.


(i)
The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement, the Indenture and the Offered Securities (together, the “Transaction Documents”) and perform the transactions contemplated hereby and to issue the Offered Securities and Underlying Securities in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof. The Offered Securities have been duly authorized by the Company and, when issued and delivered pursuant to this Agreement and the Indenture, will have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered and will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits provided by the Indenture; the Indenture has been duly authorized by the Company and, when executed and delivered by the Company and the Trustee, the Indenture will constitute a valid and legally binding instrument, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject, as to enforcement, to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles (the “Enforceability Exceptions”); and on the Closing Date the Indenture will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action, and no further consent or authorization of the Company, its Board of Directors (the “Board”) or its shareholders is required. The Transaction Documents have been duly executed and delivered by the Company and constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by the Enforceability Exceptions.

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(j)
The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus as of the dates set forth therein; all the outstanding capital shares of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and non-assessable and are not subject to any pre-emptive or similar rights, in each case except (1) as described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, or (2) as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; except as described in or expressly contemplated by the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus as of the dates set forth therein or as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, there are no outstanding rights (including pre-emptive rights), warrants or options to acquire, or instruments convertible into or exchangeable for, any capital shares or other equity interest in the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any contract, commitment, agreement, understanding or arrangement of any kind relating to the issuance of any capital shares of the Company or any such Subsidiary, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or any such rights, warrants or options; the capital shares of the Company conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus as of the dates set forth therein; and all the outstanding capital shares or other equity interests of each Subsidiary owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of any lien, charge, encumbrance, security interest, restriction on voting or transfer or any other claim of any third party, except (1) as described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure or the Final Prospectus, or (2) as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.


(k)
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is (i) in violation of its respective memorandum and articles of association, charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents; (ii) in default, and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or to which any property or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject or (iii) in violation of any statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, directive, judgment, decree, guideline, notice or order of any judicial, regulatory or other legal or governmental agency or body, foreign or domestic, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), (1) as described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, or (2) for any such default or violation that would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
 

(l)
The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, result in the termination, modification or acceleration of, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property, right or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or to which any property, right or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject, (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the memorandum and articles of association, charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (iii) result in the violation of any Cayman Islands, U.S. law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or their properties, except, in the case of clauses (i) and (iii) above, (1) as described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, or (2) for any such conflict, breach, violation, default, lien, charge or encumbrance that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
 

(m)
No consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or arbitrator or any governmental or regulatory authority is required for the issue and sale of the Offered Securities, for the issuance of the Underlying Securities or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Offered Securities, and the Transaction Documents, except for such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders and registrations or qualifications (i) as may be required under applicable state securities laws of the United States or by the laws and rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) or the Exchange, including any notices that may be required by the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”), in connection with the sale of the Offered Securities by the Underwriters, (ii) as may be required under the Act and the Trust Indenture Act, and (iii) as have been previously obtained by the Company.

5


(n)
The consolidated financial statements (including the related notes thereto) of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Act and present fairly the financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the results of their operations and the changes in their cash flows for the periods specified; such consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Boards (“IFRS”) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered thereby, and any supporting schedules included in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus present fairly the information required to be stated therein; and the other financial information included in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus has been derived from the accounting records of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries and presents fairly the information shown thereby; all disclosures included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus regarding “non-IFRS financial measures” (as such term is defined by the rules and regulations of the Commission) comply in all material respects with Regulation G of the Exchange Act and Item 10 of Regulation S-K of the Act, to the extent applicable. The Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries do not have any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), that are not described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus.


(o)
Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, and Incorporated Documents, the Company and its Subsidiaries maintain systems of “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that comply, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Exchange Act, as applicable to the Company, and have been designed by, or under the supervision of, their respective principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (the “IASB”). The Company and its Subsidiaries maintain internal accounting controls designed to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS as issued by the IASB and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. There are no material weaknesses in the Company’s internal controls (it being understood that the Company is not required as of the date hereof to comply with Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”). The Company’s auditors and the Audit Committee of the Board have been advised of: (i) any significant deficiency and/or material weakness in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which have adversely affected or are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (ii) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.


(p)
MaloneBailey, LLP (the “Accountant”), whose report on the consolidated financial statements of the Company is filed with the Commission as part of the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission and incorporated into the Registration Statement are and during the periods covered by their report, were independent registered public accountants within the meaning of the Act and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).

6


(q)
Since April 13, 2023, the Company has timely filed all certifications and statements the Company is required to file or furnish under (i) Rule 13a-14 or Rule 15d-14 under the Exchange Act or (ii) 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act) with respect to all Commission Documents with respect to which the Company is required to file such certifications and statements thereunder.


(r)
Since the date of the most recent financial statements of the Company included in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, there has been (i) no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Company on any class of its share capital and (ii) no material adverse change in the share capital, short-term indebtedness or long-term indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has entered (A) into any material transaction or agreement or incurred any material liability or obligation, direct or contingent, that is not disclosed or contemplated in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, or (B) sustained any material loss or material interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree.
 

(s)
Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, the Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to, or have valid rights to lease or otherwise use, all items of real and personal property that are material to the respective businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, claims and defects and imperfections of title except those that (i) do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its Subsidiaries or (ii) could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.


(t)
Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, there are no legal, governmental or regulatory investigations, actions, demands, claims, suits, arbitrations, inquiries or proceedings (“Actions”) pending to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may be a party or to which any property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may be the subject that, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or which are otherwise material in the context of the sale of the Offered Securities; except as described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, no such Actions are, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened or contemplated by any governmental or regulatory authority or threatened by others; and (i) there are no current or pending Actions that are required under the Act to be described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus that are not so described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, and (ii) there are no statutes, regulations or contracts or other documents that are required under the Act to be filed as exhibits (collectively, the “Filed Documents”) to the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus or described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus that are not so filed as exhibits to Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus or described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus. To the Knowledge of the Company, there is no actual or threatened material breach by any other party to any Filed Documents of their respective obligations contemplated by the terms thereof.
 

(u)
Except (i) where the failure to be, or to have been, in compliance with such laws would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect and (ii) as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries are, and since April 13, 2023 have been, in compliance in all material respects with all applicable laws. Except where the failure to have or to comply would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, each of the Company and its Subsidiaries: (i) is in compliance in all material respects with all laws applicable to its business, operations, and assets; and (ii) except as disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, has not received any written notice from any governmental authority of or been charged by any governmental authority with the violation of any applicable law.

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(v)
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any contract, agreement or understanding with any person (other than this Agreement) that would give rise to a valid claim against any of them or the Underwriters for a brokerage commission, finder’s fee or like payment in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the offering of the Offered Securities.
 

(w)
Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries possess all licenses, sub-licenses, certificates, permits and other authorizations issued by, and have made all declarations and filings with, the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authorities that are necessary for the ownership or lease of their respective properties or the conduct of their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, except where the failure to possess or make the same would not have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus or would not have a Material Adverse Effect neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries received notice of any revocation or modification of any such license, sub-license, certificate, permit or authorization or has any reason to believe that any such license, sub-license, certificate, permit or authorization will not be renewed in the ordinary course. This paragraph (w) does not relate to environmental matters, such items being the subject of paragraph (y) below.


(x)
Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus or where the failure to have any of the following would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect: (i) the Company and its Subsidiaries own or have valid and enforceable rights to use all patents, trademarks, service marks, trade names, domain names and other source indicators, copyrights and copyrightable works, know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures) and all other similar intellectual property, industrial property and proprietary rights (including all registrations and applications for registration of, and all goodwill associated with, the foregoing) (collectively, “Intellectual Property”) used in or necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses and as proposed to be conducted; (ii) the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ conduct of their respective businesses has not infringed, misappropriated or otherwise violated any Intellectual Property of any third party; (iii) the Company and its Subsidiaries have not received any written notice and are not otherwise aware of any pending or threatened claim alleging infringement, misappropriation or other violation of any Intellectual Property of any third party, or challenging the validity, enforceability, scope or ownership of any Intellectual Property of the Company or its Subsidiaries; (iv) to the Knowledge of the Company, no Intellectual Property owned by or exclusively licensed to the Company and its Subsidiaries has been infringed, misappropriated or otherwise violated by any third party; (v) to the Knowledge of the Company, all Intellectual Property owned by or exclusively licensed to the Company and its Subsidiaries is valid and enforceable in all material respects; and (vi) the Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable steps in accordance with normal industry practice to maintain the confidentiality of all Intellectual Property, the value of which to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is contingent upon maintaining the confidentiality thereof.

8


(y)
(i) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (x) are and since December 31, 2022 have been in compliance with all, and have not violated any, applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws (including common law), rules, regulations, decisions, judgments, decrees, orders and other legally enforceable requirements relating to pollution, the protection of human health or safety, the environment, hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, chemicals, pollutants or contaminants (collectively, “Hazardous Substances”), or the protection of natural resources from Hazardous Substances (collectively, “Environmental Laws”); (y) have received and are and have been in compliance with all, and have not violated any, permits, licenses, certificates or other authorizations or approvals required of them under any Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (z) have not received notice of any actual or potential liability or obligation under or relating to, or any actual or potential violation of, any Environmental Laws, including for the investigation or remediation of any Hazardous Substances, and have no Knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in any such notice, liability, obligation or violation; and (ii) there are no costs, obligations or liabilities associated with Environmental Laws of or relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except in the case of each of (i) and (ii) above, (1) as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus or (2) for any such matter as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and (iii) except as described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, (x) there is no proceeding that is pending, or to the Company’s Knowledge, that is contemplated, against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under any Environmental Laws in which a governmental entity is also a party, (y) the Company and its Subsidiaries are not aware of any facts or issues regarding compliance with Environmental Laws that would reasonably be expected to have a material effect on the capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position of the Company and its Subsidiaries, and (z) none of the Company or its Subsidiaries anticipates any material capital expenditures relating to any Environmental Laws.


(z)
No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, shareholders, customers, suppliers or other affiliates of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the other, that is required by the Act to be described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus and that is not so described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus.
 
 
(aa)
No labor disturbance by or dispute with employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries exists or, to the Knowledge of the Company, is contemplated or threatened, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by, or dispute with, the employees of any of its or its Subsidiaries’ principal suppliers, contractors, third-party logistics providers, IT service providers, or customers, except (1) as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus or (2) as would not have, or be reasonably expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notice of cancellation or termination with respect to any collective bargaining agreement to which it is a party.
 
 
(bb)
The proceeds from the sale of the Offered Securities by the Company shall be used by the Company and its Subsidiaries in the manner as will be set forth in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus. The application of the net proceeds received by the Company in connection with the offering of the Offered Securities as described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus will not (i) contravene any provision of any laws applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) contravene the memorandum and articles of association, charter or other constitutive documents of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iii) contravene the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument currently binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iv) contravene or violate the terms or provisions of any governmental authorization applicable to any of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except, in the case of (i), (iii) and (iv) above, such contravention or violation that would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
 
(cc)
The Company is not, and will not be, either after giving effect to the receipt of gross proceeds from the offering and sale of the Offered Securities as contemplated by the Transaction Documents or after the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package and the Fine Prospectus, required to register as an “investment company” as such term is defined in the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).

9

 
(dd)
Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, (i) each employee benefit plan, within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), that is maintained, administered or contributed to by the Company or any of its subsidiaries for employees or former employees, directors or independent contractors of the Company, or under which the Company has had or has any present or future obligation or liability, has been maintained in material compliance with its terms and the requirements of any applicable laws, including but not limited to ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”); (ii) no prohibited transaction, within the meaning of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, has occurred which would result in a material liability to the Company with respect to any such plan excluding transactions effected pursuant to a statutory or administrative exemption; (iii) no event has occurred (including a “reportable event” as such term is defined in Section 4043 of ERISA) and no condition exists that would subject the Company to any material tax, fine, lien, penalty, or liability imposed by ERISA, the Code or other applicable law; and for each such plan that is subject to the funding rules of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, no “accumulated funding deficiency” as defined in Section 412 of the Code has been incurred, whether or not waived, and the fair market value of the assets of each such plan (excluding for these purposes accrued but unpaid contributions) exceeds the present value of all benefits accrued under such plan determined using reasonable actuarial assumptions.

 
(ee)
Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries have paid all Cayman Islands federal, state, local and foreign taxes and filed all tax returns required to be paid or filed through the date hereof except, in each case, where the failure to pay or file would not have a Material Adverse Effect; and except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, there is no tax deficiency that has been, or would reasonably be expected to be, asserted against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets, except a tax deficiency that would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
 
(ff)
Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, the Company and the Subsidiaries have insurance covering their respective material properties, operations, personnel and businesses, which insurance is in amounts and insures against such losses and risks as are appropriate and commercially reasonable (including reference to standard industry practice) to protect the Company and the Subsidiaries and their respective businesses (which shall exclude business interruption insurance); and except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has (i) received notice from any insurer or agent of such insurer that capital improvements or other expenditures are required or necessary to be made in order to continue such insurance or (ii) to the Company’s Knowledge, any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost other than increases in premium costs generally applicable to the types of insurance maintained by the Company. There is no material insurance claim made by or against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, pending, outstanding or threatened, and no facts or circumstances exist which would reasonably be expected to give rise to any such claim and all due premiums in respect thereof have been paid.
 
 
(gg)
Neither the Company nor any of its officers and directors nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, its affiliates has taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that might cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Ordinary Shares or of any “reference security” (as defined in Rule 100 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act (“Regulation M”)) with respect to the Ordinary Shares, whether to facilitate the sale of the Offered Securities or otherwise, in each case that would violate Regulation M, and has taken no action which would directly or indirectly violate Regulation M.

10

 
(hh)
The Ordinary Shares are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to, or which to its Knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Ordinary Shares under the Exchange Act, nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration. The Company has not received notice from Nasdaq to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of Nasdaq.
 

(ii)
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor any director or officer, nor to the Knowledge of the Company, any employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, agent, affiliate or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has, in the past five years, directly or indirectly (i) used any corporate funds, nor will directly or knowingly indirectly use the proceeds of the offering of the Offered Securities, for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expense relating to political activity; (ii) made or taken an act in furtherance of an offer, promise or authorization of any direct or indirect unlawful payment or benefit to any foreign or domestic government official or employee, including of any government-owned or controlled entity or of a public international organization, or any person acting in an official capacity for or on behalf of any of the foregoing, or any political party or party official or candidate for political office; (iii) violated or is in violation of any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, or any applicable law or regulation implementing the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, or committed an offence under the Bribery Act 2010 of the United Kingdom or any other applicable anti-bribery or anti-corruption law; or (iv) made, offered, agreed, requested or taken an act in furtherance of any unlawful bribe or other unlawful benefit, including any unlawful rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful or improper payment or benefit. The Company and its Subsidiaries have instituted, maintain and enforce, and will continue to maintain and enforce policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote and ensure compliance in all material respects with all applicable anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws.
 
 
(jj)
The Company and its Subsidiaries’ information technology assets and equipment, computers, systems, networks, hardware, software, websites, applications, and databases (including the data of their respective customers, employees, suppliers, vendors and any third party data maintained by or on behalf of the Company and its Subsidiaries) (collectively, “IT Systems”) are adequate for, and operate and perform in all material respects as required in connection with, the operation of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries and to the Knowledge of the Company are free and clear of all material bugs, errors, defects, Trojan horses, time bombs, malware and other corruptants. The Company and its Subsidiaries have implemented and maintained appropriate controls, policies, procedures, and safeguards necessary to maintain and protect their material confidential information and the integrity, continuous operation, redundancy and security of all IT Systems and data (including all personal, personally identifiable, sensitive, confidential or regulated data (collectively, “Data”)) used in connection with their businesses. Without limiting the foregoing, the Company and its Subsidiaries have used reasonable efforts to establish, maintain, implement and comply with reasonable information technology, information security, cyber security and data protection controls, policies and procedures, including oversight, access controls, encryption, technological and physical safeguards and business continuity/disaster recovery and security plans that are designed to protect against and prevent breach, destruction, loss, unauthorized distribution, use, access, disablement, misappropriation or modification, or other compromise or misuse of or relating to any information technology system or Data used in connection with the operation of the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ businesses (“Breach”) and, to the Knowledge of the Company, there has been no such Breach. The Company and its Subsidiaries have not been notified of and have no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in, any such Breach. This representation is limited in each case to the extent that such breach or noncompliance would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus.

11

 
(kk)
To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries have complied, and are presently in compliance, in all material respects, with all internal and external privacy policies, contractual obligations, industry standards, applicable laws, statutes, judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator or other governmental or regulatory authority and any legal obligations regarding the collection, use, transfer, import, export, storage, protection, disposal and disclosure by the Company and its Subsidiaries of Data (“Data Security Obligations”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notification of or complaint regarding, or have Knowledge of any other facts that, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably indicate non- compliance with any applicable Data Security Obligation in all material respects. There is no pending, or to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body pending or threatened alleging non-compliance with any applicable Data Security Obligation. The Company and its Subsidiaries have at all times taken reasonable steps in accordance with industry standard practices to protect Data used in connection with their businesses against loss and against unauthorized access, use, modification, disclosure or other misuse. There has been no unauthorized access to such information. To the extent applicable to the operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, the Company and its Subsidiaries are in material compliance with the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (and all other laws and regulations applicable to the operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries with respect to Personal Data).
 
 
(ll)
The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance in all material respects with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the applicable money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions where the Company or any of its Subsidiaries conducts business, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the “Anti-Money Laundering Laws”) and no material action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to the Anti-Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened.
 
 
(mm)
Neither the issuance, sale and delivery of the Offered Securities nor the application of the proceeds thereof by the Company as described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus will violate Regulation T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other regulation of such Board of Governors.
 
 
(nn)
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, any of its directors, officers, employees, agents or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is currently the subject or, to the Knowledge of the Company, the target of any sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S. government, (including the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury (“OFAC”) or the U.S. Department of State and including the designation as a “specially designated national” or “blocked person”), the United Nations Security Council (“UNSC”), the European Union, His Majesty’s Treasury (“HMT”) or other relevant sanctions authority (collectively, “Sanctions”), nor is the Company or any of its Subsidiaries located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the subject or target of Sanctions, including the so-called Donetsk People’s Republic, so-called Luhansk People’s Republic or any other Covered Region of Ukraine identified pursuant to Executive Order 14065, the Crimea region of Ukraine, Cuba, Iran, North Korea and Syria (each, a “Sanctioned Country”); and the Company will not directly or knowingly indirectly use the proceeds of the offering of the Offered Securities hereunder, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any Subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity (i) to fund or facilitate any activities of or business with any person that, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject or target of Sanctions, in violation of Sanctions, (ii) to fund or facilitate any activities of or business in any Sanctioned Country, in violation of Sanctions, or (iii) in any other manner that will result in a violation by any person (including any person participating in the transaction, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise) of Sanctions. For the past five years, the Company and its Subsidiaries have not knowingly engaged in and are not now knowingly engaged in any dealings or transactions with any person that at the time of the dealing or transaction is or was the subject or the target of Sanctions or with any Sanctioned Country.

12

 
(oo)
Except pursuant to any other financing arrangements the Company has entered into or may enter into from time to time and disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, no Subsidiary of the Company is currently prohibited, directly or indirectly, under any applicable laws or regulations, or agreement or other instrument to which it is a party or is subject, from paying any dividends to the Company, from making any other distribution on such Subsidiary’s capital shares or similar ownership interest, from repaying to the Company any loans or advances to such Subsidiary from the Company or from transferring any of such Subsidiary’s properties or assets to the Company or any other Subsidiary of the Company except as would be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
 
 
(pp)
Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries (i) is required to register as a “broker” or “dealer” in accordance with the provisions of the Exchange Act or (ii) directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is a “person associated with a member” or “associated person of a member” (within the meaning set forth in the FINRA Manual). All of the information provided to the Underwriters or to their counsel, specifically for use in connection with any filing with FINRA pursuant to FINRA Rule 5510 with regard to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, by the Company, and, to the Company’s Knowledge, by its counsel, its officers and directors and the holders of any securities (debt or equity) or options to acquire any securities of the Company, in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Registration Statement or the Prospectus is true, complete, correct and compliant with FINRA’s rules in all material respects. Any questionnaires relating to FINRA Rule 5110 provided to the Underwriters or to counsel for the Underwriters in connection with letters, filings or other supplemental information provided to FINRA pursuant to FINRA’s conduct rules are, to the Company’s Knowledge, true and correct in all material respects.
 
 
(qq)
Except for any Cayman Islands stamp duty if the Transaction Documents are executed in, or brought to, the Cayman Islands (including being produced to a court of the Cayman Islands) in which case nominal stamp duty would be payable, no stamp duties or other issuance or transfer taxes are payable in the Cayman Islands or Singapore, or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof solely in connection with (A) the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents, (B) the issuance and delivery of the Offered Securities in the manner contemplated by this Agreement, (C) the sale and delivery of the Offered Securities as contemplated in this Agreement or (D) the issuance and delivery of the Ordinary Shares upon conversion of the Offered Securities.
 
 
(rr)
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or their properties or assets has immunity under Cayman Islands, U.S. federal or New York state law from any legal action, suit or proceeding, from the giving of any relief in any such legal action, suit or proceeding, from set-off or counterclaim, from the jurisdiction of any Cayman Islands, U.S. federal or New York state court, from service of process, attachment upon or prior to judgment, or attachment in aid of execution of judgment, or from execution of a judgment, or other legal process or proceeding for the giving of any relief or for the enforcement of a judgment, in any such court with respect to their respective obligations, liabilities or any other matter under or arising out of or in connection herewith; and, to the extent that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of its properties, assets or revenues may have or may hereafter become entitled to any such right of immunity in any such court in which proceedings arising out of, or relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, may at any time be commenced, the Company has waived or will waive, pursuant to Section 18 of this Agreement, and upon execution of the Indenture, pursuant to Section 13.01 of the Supplemental Indenture, and it will cause its Subsidiaries to waive, such right to the extent permitted by law.

13

 
(ss)
Any final and conclusive judgment for a fixed, definite or determined sum of money and not in respect of a tax, fine or other penalty rendered by any U.S. District Court and other courts of the United States in the State of New York having jurisdiction under its own laws in respect of any suit, action or proceeding against the Company based upon this Agreement which was not obtained by fraud and is not of a kind, the enforcement of which is contrary to public policy in the Cayman Islands would be enforceable against the Company by the courts of the Cayman Islands, without re- examination or re-litigation of the matters adjudicated upon.
 
 
(tt)
The choice of laws of the State of New York as the governing law of this Agreement is a valid choice of law under the laws of the Cayman Islands and will be recognized and upheld by the courts of the Cayman Islands, subject to the restrictions described under the caption “Service of Process and Enforceability of Civil Liabilities” in the Registration Statement, and other exceptions including but not limited to fraud, public policy, and natural justice. The Company has the power to submit, and pursuant to Section 18 of this Agreement and Section 13.01 of the Supplemental Indenture, has or upon execution and delivery of the Indenture by the Company, will have, legally, validly, effectively and irrevocably submitted, to the personal jurisdiction of each New York state and United States federal court sitting in the City of New York and has, or in the case of the Indenture, upon execution and delivery by the Company, will have, validly and irrevocably waived any objection to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding brought in such court. The Company has the power to designate, appoint and empower, and pursuant to Section 18 of this Agreement and Section 13.01 of the Supplemental Indenture, has, or in the case of the Indenture, upon execution and delivery by the Company, will have, legally, validly, effectively and irrevocably designated, appointed and empowered, an authorized agent for service of process in any action arising out of or relating to the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated thereunder, in any New York Court, and service of process in any manner permitted by applicable laws effected on such authorized agent will be effective to confer valid personal jurisdiction over the Company as provided herein or in any other Transaction Document.

 
(uu)
The indemnification and contribution provisions set forth in Section 8 hereof do not contravene Cayman Islands law.

 
(vv)
Based on the information available to the Company at the time of the filing of the Form 20-F dated March 28, 2024, the Company believes that it was not a “passive foreign investment company” as defined in Section 1297 of the Code for the Company’s taxable year ended December 31, 2023.
 
 
(ww)
The legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package the Final Prospectus, the Transaction Documents or the Offered Securities in any jurisdiction in which the Company is organized or does business is not dependent upon such document being submitted into, filed or recorded with any court or other authority in any such jurisdiction on or before the date hereof or that any tax, imposition or charge be paid in any such jurisdiction on or in respect of any such document. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, any final judgment for a fixed sum of money rendered by a New York Court having jurisdiction under its own domestic laws in respect of any suit, action or proceeding against the Company based upon the Transaction Documents would be recognized and enforced by Cayman courts without reexamining the merits of the case.
 
 
(xx)
Subject to the limitations described in Section 18 hereof, the Underwriters are entitled to sue as plaintiff in the court of the jurisdiction of formation and domicile of the Company for the enforcement of its rights under the Transaction Documents and the Offered Securities and such access to such courts will not be subject to any conditions which are not applicable to residents of such jurisdiction or a company incorporated in such jurisdiction except that plaintiffs not residing in the Cayman Islands may be required to guarantee payment of a possible order for payment of costs or damages at the request of the defendant
 
 
(yy)
The Company is a “foreign private issuer” as defined in Rule 405 under the Act (a “Foreign Private Issuer”).
 
 
(zz)
The Company has not relied upon any Underwriter or legal counsel for the Underwriter for any legal, tax or accounting advice in connection with the offering and sale of the Offered Securities.

14

 
(aaa)
No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act) (a “Forward-Looking Statement”) contained in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.
 
 
(bbb)
Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has sent or received any communication regarding termination of, or, where applicable, intent not to renew, any of the material contracts or agreements referred to or described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus or filed as an exhibit to the Annual Report, and no such termination or nonrenewal has been threatened by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or, to the Knowledge of the Company, by any other party to any such contract or agreement.
 
 
(ccc)
Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, there are no contracts, agreements or understandings between the Company and any person granting such person the right to require the Company to file a registration statement under the Act with respect to any securities of the Company owned or to be owned by such person or to require the Company to include such securities in the securities registered pursuant to a registration statement or in any securities being registered pursuant to any other registration statement filed by the Company under the Act (collectively, “registration rights”).
 
 
(ddd)
Upon issuance and delivery of the Offered Securities in accordance with this Agreement and the Indenture, the Offered Securities will be convertible at the option of the holder thereof into cash, Underlying Securities or a combination of cash and Underlying Securities, in accordance with the terms of the Offered Securities; the maximum number of Underlying Securities reserved for issuance upon conversion of the Offered Securities (assuming the Underwriters exercise in full their over-allotment option, including the maximum number of Underlying Securities that may be issued upon conversions of the Offered Securities in connection with any “make-whole fundamental change”, “optional redemption, “cleanup redemption” or “tax redemption” (as such terms are defined in the Indenture) and assuming full physical settlement of all such conversions) (such maximum number of Underlying Securities, the “Maximum Number of Underlying Shares”), have been duly reserved and authorized and when issued upon conversion of the Offered Securities in accordance with the terms of the Offered Securities, will be validly issued, fully paid and non- assessable, and the issuance of the Ordinary Shares will not be subject to any preemptive or similar rights.
 
 
(eee)
The Company is subject to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

 
(fff)
To the Knowledge of the Company, the Company has not issued any debt securities that have been or are rated by any “nationally recognized statistical rating organization”, as defined in Section 3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act.
 
 
(ggg)
The Company maintains a system of “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rule 13a- 15(e) under the Exchange Act) that complies with the requirements of the Exchange Act and is designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company and its Subsidiaries is made known to the Company’s management as appropriate. The Company has carried out evaluations of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures as required by Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2023.

15

 
(hhh)
The statements in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus under the headings “The Offering,” “Risk Factors,” “Description of the Notes,” “Description of Share Capital,” and “Taxation” insofar as such statements summarize legal matters, agreements, documents or proceedings discussed therein, are accurate and fair summaries of such legal matters, agreements, documents or proceedings in all material respects. The preceding sentence, insofar as it relates to statements in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus under the heading “Underwriting,” does not apply to information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representative specifically for use therein. The statements set forth in the Annual Report under the headings “Item 4. Information on the Company - B. Business Overview,” “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - A.- Operating Results - Liquidity and Capital Resources,” “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees - B. Compensation,” “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees - C. Board Practices,” “Item 8. Financial Information – A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information - Legal Proceedings,” “Item 10. Additional Information - B. Memorandum and Articles of Association” and “Item 10. Additional Information - E. Taxation,” as supplemented or modified by the information included in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, and the statements set forth in Exhibit 99.1 filed as part of the interim report on Form 6-K as filed with the Commission on May 14, 2024 and Exhibit 99.1 filed as part of the interim report on Form 6-K as filed with the Commission on August 12, 2024, “ insofar as such statements summarize legal matters, agreements, documents or proceedings discussed therein, are accurate and fair summaries of such legal matters, agreements, documents or proceedings in all material respects.
 

(iii)
Any third-party statistical, industry and market-related data included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company believes to be reliable and accurate, and such data agree with the sources from which they are derived. The Company has obtained written consents for the use of such data from such sources to the extent required as determined in the Company’s reasonable discretion.
 
 
(jjj)
To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company’s directors and executive officers are not a party to any legal, governmental or regulatory proceedings that would result in such director or officer to be unsuitable for his or her position on the Company’s Board or in the Company.

 
(kkk)
The section entitled “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects - A. Operating Results - Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates” in the Annual Report, as updated by the General Disclosure Package, fairly and accurately describes (i) material accounting policies that the Company believes are the most significant in the portrayal of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and that require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, (ii) material judgments, estimates and uncertainties affecting the application of the foregoing critical accounting policies and (iii) the likelihood that different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions and an explanation thereof (to the extent required to be so disclosed). The Company’s directors and management have reviewed and agreed with the selection, application and disclosure of the Company’s critical accounting policies as described in the Annual Report, the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus.

 
(lll)
The Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus fairly and accurately describe all material trends, demands, commitments and events known to the Company, that the Company believes would materially affect its liquidity and are reasonably likely to occur. The Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus fairly and accurately describe in all material respects all off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements, commitments and obligations of the Company and its Subsidiaries.

 
(mmm)
The Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus and the filing of the Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus with the Commission have been duly authorized by and on behalf of the Company, and the Registration Statement has been duly executed pursuant to such authorization by and on behalf of the Company.

 
(nnn)
The Company has not distributed and will not distribute, on and after the date hereof and prior to the later of the latest Time of Delivery and the completion of the Underwriters’ distribution of the Offered Securities, any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Offered Securities, other than the preliminary prospectus supplement dated August 15, 2024 and the Final Prospectus.

16

 
(ooo)
Any certificate signed by any officer or director of the Company and delivered to the Representative or counsel for the Underwriters on behalf of the Representative as required or contemplated by this Agreement shall constitute a representation and warranty hereunder by the Company, as to matters covered thereby, to each Underwriter.
 
 
(ppp)
The interactive data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus fairly presents the information called for in all material respects and has been prepared in accordance with the Commission’s rules and guidelines applicable thereto.
 
2.
Purchase and Sale.
 

(a)
Subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to issue and sell to each of the Underwriters, and each of the Underwriters agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Company, at a purchase price of 97.0% of the principal amount thereof, plus in the case of any Option Securities, accrued and unpaid interest thereon from and including the Closing Date to, but excluding the date of the applicable Time of Delivery (the “Purchase Price”), the principal amount of Firm Securities set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule I hereto.


(b)
Subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company hereby grants to the several Underwriters an option to purchase, severally and not jointly, at their election, not more than 30 days subsequent to the date of the Final Prospectus, up to US$22,500,000 aggregate principal amount of Optional Securities at the Purchase Price solely to cover over-allotments, if any. Such option may be exercised in whole or in part at any time or from time to time, by written notice from the Representative to the Company setting forth the aggregate principal amount of Optional Securities to be purchased and the date on which such Optional Securities are to be delivered, as determined by the Representative but in no event earlier than the First Time of Delivery or, unless the Representative and the Company otherwise agree in writing, earlier than two or later than ten business days after the date of such notice. The principal amount of Optional Securities to be purchased by each Underwriter shall be the same percentage of the total principal amount of Optional Securities to be purchased by all Underwriters as such Underwriter is purchasing of the Firm Securities, subject to such adjustments as you in your absolute discretion shall make to eliminate any fraction of US$1,000 principal amount of Offered Securities.
 
3.
[Reserved].
 
4.
Delivery.
 

(a)
The Offered Securities to be purchased by each Underwriter hereunder will be represented by one or more definitive global securities in book-entry form which will be deposited by or on behalf of the Company with The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its designated custodian. The Company will deliver the Offered Securities to the Representative, for the account of each Underwriter, against payment by or on behalf of such Underwriter of the purchase price therefor by wire transfer in Federal (same day) funds, by causing DTC to credit the Offered Securities to the account of the Representative at DTC. The Company will cause the certificates representing the Offered Securities to be made available to the Representative for checking at least twenty-four hours prior to the Time of Delivery (as defined below) at the office of Goodwin Procter LLP, 100 Northern Avenue, Boston, MA 02210 (USA) (the “Closing Location”). The time and date of such delivery and payment shall be, with respect to the Firm Securities, 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on August 20, 2024 or such other time and date as the Representative and the Company may agree upon in writing, and, with respect to the Optional Securities, 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the date specified by the Representative in the written notice given by the Representative of the Underwriters’ election to purchase such Optional Securities, or such other time and date as the Representative and the Company may agree upon in writing. Such time and date for delivery of the Firm Securities is herein called the “First Time of Delivery”, and each of the First Time of Delivery and any subsequent time and date for delivery of the Optional Securities, if not the First Time of Delivery, is herein called a “Time of Delivery.”

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(b)
The documents to be delivered at each Time of Delivery by or on behalf of the parties hereto pursuant to Section 7 hereof, including the cross-receipt for the Offered Securities and any additional documents requested by the Underwriters pursuant to Section 7 hereof, will be delivered at such time and date at the Closing Location, and the Offered Securities will be delivered at the office of DTC (or its designated custodian), all at such Time of Delivery. A meeting will be held at the Closing Location at 8:00 p.m., New York City time, on the New York Business Day next preceding such Time of Delivery, at which meeting the final drafts of the documents to be delivered pursuant to the preceding sentence will be available for review by the parties hereto. For the purposes of this Section 4, “New York Business Day” shall mean each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in New York are generally authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

5.
Certain Agreements of the Company.

The Company agrees with each of the Underwriters:
 

(a)
The Company has filed or will file each Statutory Prospectus (including the Final Prospectus) pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 424(b) not later than the second business day following the earlier of the date it is first used or the execution and delivery of this Agreement.
 

(b)
The Company will promptly advise the Representative of any proposal to amend or supplement at any time the Registration Statement or any Statutory Prospectus at any time prior to the later of (i) completion of the distribution of the Offered Securities within the meaning of the Act and (ii) completion of the Lock-Up Period (as defined below) and will not effect such amendment or supplement without the Representative’s consent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld); and the Company will also advise the Representative promptly of (i) the filing of any such amendment or supplement, (ii) any request by the Commission or its staff for any amendment to the Registration Statement, for any supplement to any Statutory Prospectus or for any additional information, (iii) the institution by the Commission of any stop order proceedings in respect of the Registration Statement or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatening of any proceeding for that purpose, and (iv) the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Offered Securities in any jurisdiction or the institution or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatening of any proceedings for such purpose. The Company will use its reasonable best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order or the suspension of any such qualification and, if issued, to obtain as soon as possible the withdrawal thereof.
 

(c)
If, at any time when a prospectus relating to the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) is (or but for the exemption in Rule 172 would be) required to be delivered under the Act by any Underwriter or dealer, any event occurs or condition exists as a result of which the Final Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or if it is necessary at any time to amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Final Prospectus to comply with the Act, the Company will promptly notify the Representative of such event and will promptly prepare and file with the Commission and furnish, at its own expense, to the Underwriters and the dealers and any other dealers upon reasonable request of the Representative, an amendment or supplement which will correct such statement or omission or an amendment which will effect such compliance. Neither the Representative’s consent to, nor the Underwriters’ delivery of, any such amendment or supplement shall constitute a waiver of any of the conditions set forth in Section 7 hereof, unless stated specifically to constitute a waiver of such condition.

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(d)
The Company will generally make available to the Company’s security holders and to the Representative as soon as practicable an earnings statement which shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
 

(e)
The Company will furnish, upon the Representative’s reasonable request, to the Representative copies of the Registration Statement (including exhibits filed thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein), any Statutory Prospectus, the Final Prospectus and all amendments and supplements (including documents incorporated by reference therein) to such documents, in each case as soon as available and in such quantities as the Representative reasonably requests.
 

(f)
The Company will use its reasonable commercial efforts to arrange for the qualification of the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities for sale under the laws of such jurisdictions as the Representative reasonably designates and will use its reasonable commercial efforts to continue such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities.
 

(g)
Whether or not the transactions contemplated in this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, the Company will pay or cause to be paid all expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company under this Agreement, including, but not limited to, (i) all fees and expenses in connection with the preparation and filing of the Registration Statement (including financial statements and exhibits), any preliminary prospectus, the General Disclosure Package and, the Final Prospectus prepared by or on behalf of, used by, or referred to by the Company and amendments and supplements to any of the foregoing, including all printing costs associated therewith, and the mailing and delivering of copies thereof to the Underwriters and dealers, in the quantities hereinabove specified, (ii) the fees, disbursements and expenses of the Company’s counsels and accountants, (iii) all costs and expenses related to the transfer and delivery of the Offered Securities to the Underwriters, including any transfer or other taxes payable thereon, (iv) the cost of printing or producing any Blue Sky or legal investment memorandum in connection with the offer and sale of the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities issuable upon conversion of the Offered Securities under state or foreign securities laws and all expenses in connection with the qualification of the Offered Securities for offer and sale under state or foreign securities laws as provided in Section 5(f) hereof, including filing fees, (v) all filing fees incurred in connection with the review and qualification of the offering of the Offered Securities and the Underlying Securities issuable upon conversion of the Offered Securities by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”), if applicable, (vii) all costs and expenses incident to listing the Underlying Securities issuable upon conversion of the Offered Securities on Nasdaq and any registration thereof under the Exchange Act, (vi) the costs and expenses of qualifying the Offered Securities for inclusion in the book-entry settlement system of DTC, (vii) the fees and expenses of the Trustee and any agent of the Trustee and the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Trustee in connection with the Indenture and the Offered Securities; (viii) the costs and charges of any transfer agent or registrar, (ix) the costs and expenses of the Company relating to investor presentations or any “road show” undertaken in connection with the marketing of the offering of the Offered Securities, including, without limitation, expenses associated with the preparation or dissemination of any electronic road show, expenses associated with the production of road show slides and graphics, expenses associated with hosting investor meetings or luncheons, fees and expenses of any consultants engaged in connection with any road show or investor presentations with the prior approval of the Company, travel and lodging expenses of the Representative and officers of the Company, (x) the document production charges and expenses associated with the printing and delivery of this Agreement, other Transaction Documents, the Offered Securities, any closing documents contemplated hereunder (including compilations thereof) and the reproduction and/or printing and furnishing of copies of each thereof to the Underwriters and (except closing documents) to dealers (including costs of mailing and shipment), and (xi) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company hereunder for which provision is not otherwise made in this Section.

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(h)
The Company will indemnify and hold harmless the Underwriters against any stamp, issuance, transfer or other similar taxes or duties, if any, on the issue, transfer, delivery or sale to the Underwriters and the initial transfer, delivery or sale by the Underwriters to purchasers of the Offered Securities. All payments to be made by the Company to the Underwriters under this Agreement shall be made without set-off or counterclaim, and free and clear of, and without deduction or withholding for or on account of, any present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, fees, assessments or other charges of whatever nature and all interest, penalties or similar liabilities with respect thereto, imposed by applicable jurisdictions or by any department, agency or other political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein (“Taxes”). If any Taxes are required by law to be deducted or withheld in connection with any such payment, the Company shall pay such additional amounts as may be necessary such that the net amounts received after such withholding or deduction shall equal the amounts that would have been received if no withholding or deduction had been made, except that no additional amounts shall be payable in respect of (a) any Taxes that would not have been imposed but for a present or former connection between such Underwriters and the applicable jurisdiction (or any department, agency or other political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein) other than a connection arising solely from such Underwriter having executed, delivered or performed its obligations, or received a payment, under this Agreement; (b) any Taxes that would not have been imposed but for the failure of such Underwriter to comply with any certification, identification or other reporting requirements concerning the nationality, residence, identity or connection with the taxing jurisdiction of the Underwriter if such compliance is required or imposed by law as a precondition to an exemption from, or reduction in, such Taxes; or (c) any income or franchise tax on the overall net income of such Underwriter.


(i)
For the period specified below (the “Lock-Up Period”), the Company will not, directly or indirectly, take any of the following actions with respect to its Ordinary Shares, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any of its Ordinary Shares (“Lock-Up Securities”): (i) offer, pledge, issue, sell, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of Lock-Up Securities, (ii) offer, sell, issue, contract to sell, contract to purchase or grant any option, right or warrant to purchase Lock-Up Securities, (iii) enter into any swap, hedge or any other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, the economic consequences of ownership of Lock-Up Securities, (iv) establish or increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent position in Lock-Up Securities within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act or (v) file with the Commission a registration statement under the Act relating to Lock-Up Securities, other than registration statements on Form S-8 relating to the issuance, vesting, exercise or settlement of equity awards granted or to be granted pursuant to any employee benefit plan described in the Final Prospectus, or publicly disclose the intention to take any such action, without the prior written consent of BTIG, LLC, except (A) the Offered Securities to be sold hereunder or the issuance of any Underlying Securities upon conversion of the Offered Securities, (B) the issuance of Ordinary Shares or the grant of restricted shares or options to purchase Ordinary Shares or similar securities under the Company’s employee share option scheme and equity plan, (C) the issuance of Ordinary Shares pursuant to the conversion of preference shares, convertible promissory notes or bonds or convertible notes outstanding on the date hereof of which the Representative has been advised in writing or which is otherwise described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, (D) the issuance of Ordinary Shares in connection with any mergers or acquisitions approved by the Board or otherwise duly authorized by the Company, and (E) the issuance of Ordinary Shares in connection with the At Market Issuance Sales Agreement, dated March 18, 2024, among the Company and B. Riley Securities, Inc., Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., Needham & Company, LLC, StockBlock Securities LLC, Roth Capital Partners, LLC and Rosenblatt Securities Inc., provided that no such Ordinary Shares may be issued or sold during the period commencing on and including the date hereof and continuing through and including the fifteenth (15) day following the date of the Final Prospectus. The Lock-Up Period will commence on the date hereof and continue for 45 days after the date hereof or such earlier date that BTIG, LLC consents to in writing.


(j)
The Company will reserve and keep available at all times, free of preemptive rights, Ordinary Shares for the purpose of enabling the Company to satisfy its obligation to issue the Maximum Number of Underlying Shares.

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(k)
The Company will use its commercially reasonable best efforts to obtain approval to list, subject to official notice of issuance upon conversion of the Offered Securities, the Underlying Securities (equal to the Maximum Number of Underlying Shares) on Nasdaq.
 

(l)
The Company, during the period when a prospectus (or, in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) is (or but for the exemption in Rule 172 would be) required to be delivered under the Act in connection with the offer or sale of the Offered Securities, will file all reports and other documents required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act and the Rules and Regulations within the time periods required thereby.
 

(m)
The Company agrees that (i) it will not attempt to avoid any judgment in connection with this Agreement applied or denied to it in a court of competent jurisdiction outside the Cayman Islands, and following the consummation of the offering of the Offered Securities, it will use its best efforts to obtain and maintain all approvals required, if any, in the Cayman Islands to pay and remit outside the Cayman Islands all dividends declared by the Company and payable on the Ordinary Shares, if any, and (ii) it will use its best efforts to obtain and maintain all approvals required, if any, in the Cayman Islands for the Company to acquire sufficient foreign exchange for the payment of dividends, if any.


(n)
The Company intends to apply the net proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Offered Securities substantially in the manner set forth under the heading “Use of Proceeds” in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus and to file such reports with the Commission with respect to the sale of the Offered Securities and the application of the proceeds therefrom as may be required by Rule 463 under the Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries intends to use any of the proceeds from the sale of the Offered Securities hereunder to repay any outstanding debt owed as of the date hereof to any affiliate of any Underwriter.
 

(o)
The Company agrees not to, and agrees to cause its Subsidiaries not to, take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Offered Securities.
 

(p)
The Company agrees not to, at any time at or after the execution of this Agreement, directly or indirectly, offer or sell any Offered Securities by means of any “prospectus” (within the meaning of the Act), or use any “prospectus” (within the meaning of the Act) in connection with the offer or sale of the Offered Securities, in each case other than the Final Prospectus.
 

(q)
The Company agrees to promptly notify the Representative if the Company ceases to be a Foreign Private Issuer at any time prior to the completion of the distribution of Offered Securities within the meaning of the Act (as notified by the Underwriters to the Company) and 15 days after expiration of the Lock-Up Period.
 
6.
Free Writing Prospectuses. The Company agrees not to take any action that would result in an Underwriter or the Company being required to file with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act a free writing prospectus, as defined in Rule 405 under the Act, prepared by or on behalf of the Underwriter that the Underwriter otherwise would not have been required to file thereunder.

7.
Conditions of the Obligations of the Underwriters. The obligations of the several Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Offered Securities at each Time of Delivery will be subject to the following conditions precedent:
 

(a)
The representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement and any certificates delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be true and correct at and as of such Time of Delivery, and the Company has performed all of its obligations and satisfied all of the conditions hereunder on its part that are required to be performed or satisfied on or before such Time of Delivery;

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(b)
The Final Prospectus shall have been filed with the Commission in accordance with the Rules and Regulations and Section 5(a) hereof. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any part thereof shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been instituted or, to the Knowledge of the Company, shall be contemplated by the Commission;
 

(c)
Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business or operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, the effect of which makes it, in the judgment of the Representative, impracticable to proceed with the offering, sale or delivery of the Offered Securities on such Time of Delivery, as the case may be, on the terms and in the manner contemplated by this Agreement;
 

(d)
The Representative shall have received letters, dated, respectively, the date hereof and each Time of Delivery, of MaloneBailey LLP, independent public accountants, substantially in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Underwriters, containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountants’ “comfort letters” to underwriters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus; provided that the letter delivered on each Time of Delivery shall use a “cut-off date” not earlier than three business days prior to such Time of Delivery;
 

(e)
The Representative shall have received the opinion and negative assurance letter of Cooley LLP, United States counsel for the Company, dated such Time of Delivery, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative;
 

(f)
The Representative shall have received the opinion of Ogier, Cayman counsel for the Company, dated such Time of Delivery, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative;
 

(g)
The Representative shall have received the opinion of WongPartnership LLP, Singapore counsel for the Company, dated such Time of Delivery, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative;
 

(h)
The Representative shall have received from Goodwin Procter LLP, United States counsel for the Underwriters, a negative assurance letter and an opinion, dated such Time of Delivery, with respect to such matters as the Representative may require;


(i)
The Representative shall have received the opinion of Rajah & Tann Singapore LLP, Singapore counsel for the Underwriters, dated such Time of Delivery, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative;
 

(j)
The Company shall have furnished or caused to be furnished to the Representative certificates of a duly authorized executive officer of the Company, dated such Time of Delivery, satisfactory to the Representative, in which such officer shall represent as follows: (i) the representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct, the Company has performed all of its obligations hereunder on its part that are required to be performed and not otherwise waived by the Representative at or prior to such Time of Delivery, and (ii) such other matters as the Representative may reasonably request;
 

(k)
No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the Company’s Knowledge, are contemplated by the Commission;

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(l)
On or prior to the date hereof, the Representative shall have received lock-up letters from each of the directors and executive officers of the Company, each substantially in the form and substance set forth in Annex I;


(m)
The Chief Financial Officer of the Company shall have furnished to the Representative, dated, respectively the date hereof and such Time of Delivery, certificates to the effect that certain operating and financial data disclosed in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus have been derived from and verified against the Company’s accounting and business records, and he has no reason to believe that such data is not true and correct;


(n)
A “Listing of Additional Shares” notification related to the Maximum Number of Underlying Shares shall have been submitted to, and not rejected by, Nasdaq;
 

(o)
The Offered Securities shall be eligible for clearance and settlement through the facilities of DTC.
 

(p)
The Representative shall have received an executed copy of the Indenture;
 

(q)
FINRA shall not have raised any objection with respect to the fairness or reasonableness of the underwriting or other arrangements of the transactions contemplated hereunder; and


(r)
No Statutory Prospectus or amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus shall have been filed to which the Representative have objected in writing.
 
The Company will furnish the Representative with such conformed copies of such opinions, certificates, letters and documents as the Representative may reasonably request.
 
If any condition specified in this Section 7 shall not have been fulfilled when and as required to be fulfilled, this Agreement, or, in the case of any condition to the purchase of Optional Securities on Time of Delivery which is after the First Time of Delivery, the obligations of the several Underwriters to purchase the relevant Optional Securities shall be deemed terminated by the Company at any time at or prior to the First Time of Delivery or such subsequent Time of Delivery, as the case may be, unless as otherwise provided or agreed in writing by the Company and the Representative, and such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 9.

Notwithstanding the immediately preceding paragraph, the Representative may in its sole discretion waive on behalf of the Underwriters compliance with any conditions to the obligations of the Underwriters hereunder, whether in respect of the First Time of Delivery, a subsequent Time of Delivery or otherwise.

8.
Indemnification and Contribution.
 

(a)
The Company will indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter and its affiliates, such Underwriter’s and affiliates’ directors, officers, employees and each person, if any, who controls such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act (each an “Indemnified Party”), against any and all losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which such Indemnified Party may become subject, under the Act, the Exchange Act, other United States federal or state statutory law or regulation, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained or incorporated by reference in any part of the Registration Statement, any Statutory Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and will reimburse each Indemnified Party for any legal or other documented expenses reasonably incurred by such Indemnified Party in connection with investigating or defending against any loss, claim, damage, liability, action, litigation, investigation or proceeding whatsoever (whether or not such Indemnified Party is a party thereto), whether threatened or commenced, and in connection with the enforcement of this provision with respect to any of the above as such expenses are reasonably incurred; provided, however, that the Company will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement in or omission or alleged omission from any of such documents in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representative specifically for use therein.

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(b)
Each Underwriter will severally and not jointly indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors (and director appointees named in the Registration Statement) and each of its officers who signs a Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act (each, an “Underwriter Indemnified Party”) against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which such Underwriter Indemnified Party may become subject, under the Act, the Exchange Act, or other United States federal or state statutory law or regulation, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, any Statutory Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or the alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by such Underwriter through the Representative specifically for use therein, and will reimburse any documented legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Underwriter Indemnified Party in connection with investigating or defending against any such loss, claim, damage, liability, action, litigation, investigation or proceeding whatsoever (whether or not such Underwriter Indemnified Party is a party thereto), whether threatened or commenced, based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission as such expenses are reasonably incurred.
 

(c)
Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against an indemnifying party under subsection (a) or (b) above, notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof; but the failure to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have under subsection (a) or (b) above except to the extent that it has been materially prejudiced (through the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses) by such failure; and provided further that the failure to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have to an indemnified party otherwise than under subsection (a) or (b) above. In case any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies an indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it may wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party (who shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party, be counsel to the indemnifying party), and after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party will not be liable to such indemnified party under this Section for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigations. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened action in respect of which any indemnified party is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party unless such settlement (i) includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on any claims that are the subject matter of such action and (ii) does not include a statement as to, or an admission of, fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of such indemnified party.

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(d)
If the indemnification provided for in this Section is unavailable or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to in subsection (a) or (b) above, (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other from the offering of the Offered Securities or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other in connection with this Offering shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or the Underwriters and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue statement or omission. The amount paid by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to in the first sentence of this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any action or claim which is the subject of this subsection (d). Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (d), no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by such Underwriter with respect to the Offered Securities purchased by it exceeds the amount of any damages which such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters’ obligations in this subsection (d) to contribute are several in proportion to their respective purchase obligations and not joint. The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 8(d) were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in this Section 8(d).

9.
Termination. The Underwriters may terminate this Agreement by notice given by the Representative to the Company, if after the execution and delivery of this Agreement and prior to the Time of Delivery, (i) trading generally shall have been suspended or materially limited on, or by, as the case may be, any of Nasdaq or the New York Stock Exchange, (ii) trading of any securities of the Company shall have been suspended on any exchange or in any over-the-counter market, (iii) a material disruption in securities settlement, payment or clearance services in the United States or Singapore shall have occurred, (iv) any moratorium on commercial banking activities shall have been declared by United States Federal, New York State or Singapore authorities or (v) there shall have occurred any outbreak or escalation of hostilities or act of terrorism, or any change in financial markets, currency exchange rates or controls or any calamity or crisis that, in the discretion of the Representative, is material and adverse and which, singly or together with any other event specified in this clause (v), makes it, in the discretion of the Representative, impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offer, sale or delivery of the Offered Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus. If this Agreement shall be terminated by the Underwriters, or any of them, because of any failure or refusal on the part of the Company to comply with the terms or to fulfill any of the conditions of this Agreement, or if for any reason the Company shall be unable to perform its obligations under this Agreement, the Company will reimburse the Underwriters or such Underwriters as have so terminated this Agreement with respect to themselves, severally, for all out-of-pocket expenses (including the fees and disbursements of their counsel) reasonably incurred by such Underwriters in connection with this Agreement or the offering contemplated hereunder.

25

10.
Default of Underwriters. If any Underwriter or Underwriters default in their obligations to purchase Offered Securities hereunder on either the First Time of Delivery or any subsequent Time of Delivery and the total principal amount of Offered Securities that such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase does not exceed 10% of the total principal amount of Offered Securities that the Underwriters are obligated to purchase on such Time of Delivery, the Representative may make arrangements satisfactory to the Company for the purchase of such Offered Securities by other persons, including any of the Underwriters, but if no such arrangements are made by such Time of Delivery, the non-defaulting Underwriters shall be obligated severally, in proportion to their respective commitments hereunder, to purchase the Offered Securities that such defaulting Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase on such Time of Delivery. If any Underwriter or Underwriters so default and the total principal amount of Offered Securities with respect to which such default or defaults occur exceeds 10% of the total principal amount of Offered Securities that the Underwriters are obligated to purchase on such Time of Delivery and arrangements satisfactory to the Representative and the Company for the purchase of such Offered Securities by other persons are not made within 36 hours after such default, this Agreement will terminate without liability on the part of any non- defaulting Underwriter or the Company, except as provided in Section 9 (provided that if such default occurs with respect to Optional Securities after the First Time of Delivery, this Agreement will not terminate as to the Firm Securities or any Optional Securities purchased prior to such termination). As used in this Agreement, the term “Underwriter” includes any person substituted for an Underwriter under this Section. Nothing herein will relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default.

11.
Notices. All communications hereunder will be in writing and, if sent to the Underwriters, will be mailed or delivered and confirmed to the Representative at: BTIG, LLC, 350 Bush Street, 9th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104, United States, Attention: Forrest Koenig (fkoenig@btig.com), with a copy to General Counsel (IBLegal@btig.com) or, if sent to the Company, will be mailed, delivered or confirmed to it at 08 Kallang Avenue, Aperia Tower 1, #09-03/04, Singapore 138522, Attention: CEO; provided, however, that any notice to an Underwriter pursuant to Section 8 will be mailed, delivered or telegraphed and confirmed to such Underwriter.
 
12.
Successors. This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and the affiliates, officers and directors and controlling persons referred to in Section 8, and no other person will have any right or obligation hereunder.
 
13.
Representation. The Representative will act for the several Underwriters in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and any action under this Agreement taken by the Representative will be binding upon all the Underwriters.
 
14.
Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same Agreement.
 
15.
Absence of Fiduciary Relationship. The Company acknowledges and agrees that:
 

(a)
The Representative has been retained solely to act as underwriter in connection with the sale of the Offered Securities and that no fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship between the Company, on the one hand, and the Representative, on the other, has been created in respect of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Final Prospectus, irrespective of whether the Representative has advised or is advising the Company on other matters;
 

(b)
The price of the Offered Securities set forth in this Agreement was established by the Company following discussions and arm’s-length negotiations with the Representative, and the Company is capable of evaluating and understanding and understands and accepts the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;


(c)
The Company has been advised that the Representative and its affiliates are engaged in a broad range of transactions which may involve interests that differ from those of the Company and that the Representative has no obligation to disclose such interests and transactions to the Company by virtue of any fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship; and
 
26


(d)
The Company waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims it may have against the Representative for breach of fiduciary duty or alleged breach of fiduciary duty and agrees that the Representative shall have no liability (whether direct or indirect) to the Company in respect of such a fiduciary duty claim or to any person asserting a fiduciary duty claim on behalf of or in right of the Company, including their respective shareholders, employees or creditors.

16.
Currency. The obligation of the Company pursuant to this Agreement in respect of any sum due to any Underwriter shall, notwithstanding any judgment in a currency other than United States dollars, not be discharged until the first business day, following receipt by such Underwriter of any sum adjudged to be so due in such other currency, on which (and only to the extent that) such Underwriter may in accordance with normal banking procedures purchase United States dollars with such other currency; if the United States dollars so purchased are less than the sum originally due to such Underwriter hereunder, the Company agrees, as a separate obligation and notwithstanding any such judgment, to indemnify such Underwriter against such loss. If the United States dollars so purchased are greater than the sum originally due to such Underwriter hereunder, such Underwriter agrees to pay to the Company an amount equal to the excess of the dollars so purchased over the sum originally due to such Underwriter hereunder.
 
17.
Effect of Headings. The Section headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.
 
18.
Applicable Law and Jurisdiction. THIS AGREEMENT AND ANY MATTERS RELATED TO THIS TRANSACTION SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the U.S. federal and state courts in the Borough of Manhattan in The City of New York (except for proceedings instituted in regard to the enforcement of a judgment of any such court, as to which such jurisdiction is non-exclusive) in any suit or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. The parties irrevocably and unconditionally waive, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection to the laying of venue of any suit or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby in any U.S. federal and state courts in the Borough of Manhattan in The City of New York and irrevocably and unconditionally waive and agree, to the fullest extent permitted by law, not to plead or claim in any such court that any such suit or proceeding in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. The Company irrevocably appointed Cogency Global Inc., located 122 E. 42nd Street, 18th Floor, New York, New York 10168, as its authorized agent in the Borough of Manhattan in the City of New York upon which process may be served in any such suit or proceeding, and agrees that service of process upon such agent, and written notice of said service to the Company by the person serving the same to the address provided in Section 11, shall be deemed in every respect effective service of process upon the Company in any such suit or proceeding. The Company further agrees to take any and all action as may be necessary to maintain such designation and appointment of such agent in full force and effect for a period of seven years from the date of this Agreement. Each party irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any and all rights to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.
 
19.
Recognition of the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes. (a) If any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer from such Underwriter of this Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.


(b)
If any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity or a BHC Act Affiliate of such Underwriter becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under this Agreement that may be exercised against such Underwriter are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.
 

(c)
In this Section 19:

27

(i) “BHC Act Affiliate” has the meaning assigned to the term “affiliate” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. § 1841(k).

(ii) “Covered Entity” means any of the following:
 
(1) a “covered entity” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 252.82(b);
 
(2) a “covered bank” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 47.3(b); or
 
(3) a “covered FSI” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 382.2(b).
 
(iii) “Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable.

(iv) “U.S. Special Resolution Regime” means each of (i) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii) Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

If the foregoing is in accordance with the Representative’s understanding of our agreement, kindly sign and return to the Company, one of the counterparts hereof, whereupon it will become a binding agreement among the Company and the several Underwriters in accordance with its terms.

28

 
Very truly yours,
     
 
Bitdeer Technologies Group
     
 
By:
/s/ Jihan Wu
   
Name: Jihan Wu
   
Title: Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

[Signature Page to Underwriting Agreement]


Accepted as of the date hereof:

BTIG, LLC
 
By:
/s/Forrest Koenig
 
  Name:
Forrest Koenig

Title: Authorized Signatory
[Signature Page to Underwriting Agreement]


SCHEDULE I
 
Underwriter
Principal Amount of
Securities to be
Purchased

 
BTIG, LLC
US$121,500,000
A.G.P.
US$15,000,000
The Benchmark Company, LLC
US$7,500,000
Needham & Company LLC
US$3,000,000
Roth Capital Partners, LLC
US$3,000,000
Total
US$150,000,000
 

SCHEDULE II

PRICING TERM SHEET
 

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-278027

 
Prospectus Supplement No. 1
(to Preliminary Prospectus Supplement dated August 15, 2024)

US$150,000,000

 
Bitdeer Technologies Group
8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029
Convertible into Class A ordinary shares
 
This prospectus supplement no. 1 (this “prospectus supplement”) amends and supplements our preliminary prospectus supplement, dated August 15, 2024 (the “preliminary prospectus supplement”), which is in respect of our offering of US$150,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (the “notes”), and supplements our prospectus, dated April 2, 2024 (the “base prospectus” and as supplemented by the preliminary prospectus supplement, the “preliminary prospectus”), that forms a part of our Registration Statement on Form F- 3 (Registration No. 333-278027). This prospectus supplement is being filed to update and supplement the preliminary prospectus with pricing terms for the notes offering. Accordingly, we have attached such pricing terms in a term sheet attached to this prospectus supplement. Terms used but not defined in this prospectus supplement have the respective meanings as set forth in the preliminary prospectus.
 
This prospectus supplement updates and supplements the information in the preliminary prospectus and is not complete without, and may not be delivered or utilized except in combination with, the preliminary prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference therein and any amendments or supplements thereto. This prospectus supplement should be read in conjunction with the preliminary prospectus and if there is any inconsistency between the information in the preliminary prospectus and this prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement.
 
Our Class A ordinary shares are listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol “BTDR.” The last reported sale price of our Class A ordinary shares on Nasdaq on August 15, 2024 was US$6.33 per Class A ordinary share.
 
Investing in the notes involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-10 of the preliminary prospectus supplement, in the base prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference into the preliminary prospectus supplement.

Neither the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission or any regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

Sole Book-Running Manager
BTIG
 
Co-Managers

 A.G.P.
 
The Benchmark Company, LLC
Needham & Company
Roth Capital Partners

Prospectus Supplement dated August 15, 2024


PRICING TERM SHEET
DATED AUGUST 15, 2024

 
Bitdeer Technologies Group
8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029
 
The information in this pricing term sheet supplements Bitdeer Technologies Group’s (“Bitdeer”) preliminary prospectus supplement, dated August 15, 2024 (the “Preliminary Prospectus Supplement”), including the documents incorporated by reference therein, and prospectus dated April 2, 2024, including the documents incorporated by reference therein, each filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), Registration Statement No. 333-278027. The information in this communication supersedes the information in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying prospectus to the extent inconsistent with the information in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Terms used herein but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings as set forth in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement. All references to dollar amounts are references to U.S. dollars.
 

Issuer:
 
Bitdeer Technologies Group, a Cayman Islands exempted company.
     
Ticker / Exchange for our Class A ordinary shares, par value
 
BTDR / Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”)
US$0.0000001 per share (“Class A ordinary shares”):
 
     
Title of Securities:
 
8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (the “notes”)
     
Principal Amount:
 
US$150,000,000, plus up to an additional US$22,500,000 principal amount of the notes pursuant to the underwriters’ over-allotment option.
     
Denominations:
 
US$1,000 and integral multiples of US$1,000 in excess thereof
     
Maturity:
 
August 15, 2029, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased
     
Interest Rate:
 
8.50% per year, accruing from the Settlement Date
     
Interest Payment Dates:
 
February 15 and August 15 of each year, beginning on February 15, 2025
     
Record Dates:
 
February 1 and August 1 of each year, immediately preceding any February 15 or August 15 interest payment date, as the case may be
     
Public Offering Price:
 
100% of the principal amount of the notes, plus accrued interest, if any, from the Settlement Date

   
Nasdaq Last Reported Sale Price of Class A ordinary shares on August 15,
2024:
 
US$6.33 per share

 
Initial Conversion Rate:
 
117.0207 Class A ordinary shares per US$1,000 principal amount of notes, subject to adjustment

 
Initial Conversion Price:
 
Approximately US$8.55 per Class A ordinary share

 
Conversion Premium:
 
Approximately 35% above the Nasdaq Last Reported Sale Price on August 15, 2024


Trade Date:
 
August 16, 2024
     
Settlement Date:
 
August 20, 2024 (T+2)1
     
Use of Proceeds:
 
We estimate the net proceeds from this offering will be approximately US$144.5 million (or approximately US$166.3 million if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option to purchase additional notes in full), after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
     

 
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for datacenter expansion, ASIC based mining rig development as well as working capital and other general corporate purposes.
     

 
See “Use of Proceeds” in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement for additional information.
     
Sole Book-Running Manager:
 
BTIG, LLC
     
Co-Managers:
 
A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners
The Benchmark Company, LLC
Needham & Company LLC
Roth Capital Partners, LLC
     
CUSIP:
 
09175R AA8
     
ISIN:
 
US09175RAA86
     
Underwriting Discounts and Commissions:
 
US$30 per US$1,000 principal amount of the notes

 
Optional Redemption:
 
We may redeem for cash all or any part of the notes (subject to the partial redemption limitation described below), at our option, on or after August 20, 2027 and prior to the 41st scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, if the last reported sale price of our Class A ordinary shares has been at least 150% of the conversion price for the notes then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of optional redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. However, we may not redeem less than all of the outstanding notes at our option unless at least US$75.0 million aggregate principal amount of notes are outstanding and not called for optional redemption as of the time we send the related notice of optional redemption (and after giving effect to the delivery of such notice of optional redemption).

   

1 Under Rule 15c6-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in one business day, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade notes prior to the business day preceding the settlement date will be required, by virtue of the fact that the notes initially will settle T+2, to specify an alternate settlement cycle at the time of any such trade to prevent a failed settlement. Purchasers of the notes who wish to trade the notes prior to the business day preceding the settlement date should consult their own advisors.



 
No “sinking fund” is provided for the notes, which means that we are not required to redeem or retire the notes periodically.
     

 
See “Description of the Notes—Optional Redemption” in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement.
     
Cleanup Redemption:
 
We may redeem for cash all but not part of the notes at any time prior to the 41st scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date if less than US$25 million aggregate principal amount of notes remains outstanding at such time, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.
     

 
See “Description of the Notes—Cleanup Redemption” in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement.

   
Tax Redemption:
 
If we have, or on the next interest payment date would, become obligated to pay any additional amounts as a result of (i) any change or amendment on or after the date of the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement in the laws or any rules or regulations of a relevant taxing jurisdiction, or (ii) any change on or after the date of the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement in an interpretation, administration or application of such laws, rules or regulations, as further described under “Description of the Notes—Tax Redemption” in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement, we may, at our option, redeem all but not part of the notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date and any additional amounts with respect to such redemption price.
     

 
Upon our giving a notice of tax redemption, a holder may elect not to have its notes redeemed, in which case such holder would not be entitled to receive the additional amounts referred to in “Description of the Notes—Additional Amounts” in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement after the redemption date with respect to the applicable change in tax law.
     

 
See “Description of the Notes—Tax Redemption” in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement.

 
Repurchase upon Fundamental Change:
 
If we undergo a “fundamental change” (as defined in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement under “Description of the Notes—Repurchase upon Fundamental Change”), subject to certain conditions and a limited exception described in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement, holders may require us to repurchase for cash all or part of their notes in principal amounts of US$1,000 or an integral multiple thereof. The fundamental change repurchase price will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.

 

 
See “Description of the Notes—Repurchase upon Fundamental Change” in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement.
 

Additional Amounts:
 
All payments and deliveries made by, or on behalf of, us or any successor to us under or with respect to the notes, including, but not limited to, payments of principal (including, if applicable, the redemption price and the fundamental change repurchase price), payments of interest and payments of cash and/or deliveries of Class A ordinary shares (together with payments of cash for any fractional Class A ordinary shares, if applicable) upon conversion, will be made without withholding or deduction, unless such withholding or deduction is required by law or by regulation or governmental policy having the force of law. In the event that any such withholding or deduction is so required by certain jurisdictions, we will pay such additional amounts as may be necessary to ensure that the net amount received by the holders of the notes after such withholding or deduction (and after deducting any taxes on the additional amounts) will equal the amounts that would have been received by such holders had no such withholding or deduction been required, subject to certain exceptions.

   

 
See “Description of the Notes—Additional Amounts” in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement.
     
Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment upon Certain Conversions
 
If you surrender your notes for conversion at any time during the period from, and including, the date that is six months after the last date of original issuance of the notes until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding August 1, 2027 (other than a conversion in connection with a make-whole fundamental change or a cleanup redemption or a tax redemption), we will increase the conversion rate per $1,000 principal amount of notes to be converted by a number of additional Class A ordinary shares (such increase, an “interest make- whole conversion rate adjustment”) equal to (i) the sum of the remaining scheduled payments of interest that would have been made on $1,000 principal amount of the notes to be converted had such notes remained outstanding from the conversion date through August 15, 2027, divided by (ii) the greater of (x) the conversion price as of the applicable conversion date and (y) the simple average of the daily VWAP (as defined under “Description of Notes—Settlement upon Conversion” in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement) of the Class A ordinary shares for the ten consecutive trading days ending on and including the trading day immediately preceding such conversion date.
   
   
See “Description of the Notes— Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment upon Certain Conversions” in the in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement.
   
Adjustment to Class A Ordinary Shares Delivered upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Fundamental Change or our Election to Redeem the Notes:
 
Holders who convert their notes in connection with a “make-whole fundamental change” (as defined in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement) occurring prior to the maturity date or convert their notes called for redemption (or deemed called for redemption) during the related “redemption period” (as defined in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement) may be entitled to an increase in the conversion rate for the notes so surrendered for conversion as set forth in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement under the captions “Description of Notes— Conversion Rights—Adjustment to Class A Ordinary Shares Delivered upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Fundamental Change” and “Description of Notes—Conversion Rights—Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion in Connection with an Optional Redemption, a Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption.”



 
The following table sets forth the number of additional Class A ordinary shares by which the conversion rate will be increased per US$1,000 principal amount of notes for each Class A ordinary share price and effective date set forth below:

Class A Ordinary Share price
 
US$6.33
 
US$8.00
 
US$8.55
 
US$10.00
 
US$12.82
 
US$15.00
 
US$20.00
 
US$25.00
 
US$30.00
 
US$40.00
Effective Date
                                     
August 20, 2024
40.9571
 
28.3075
 
25.4947
 
19.8740
 
13.0874
 
9.7480
 
5.0350
 
2.4568
 
1.0123
 
0.0000
August 15, 2025
40.9571
 
25.8938
 
23.1111
 
17.7610
 
11.6357
 
8.7033
 
4.5665
 
2.2644
 
0.9483
 
0.0000
August 15, 2026
40.9571
 
22.5513
 
19.7825
 
14.7750
 
9.5484
 
7.1620
 
3.8055
 
1.9024
 
0.7917
 
0.0000
August 15, 2027
40.9571
 
18.5300
 
15.6550
 
10.9950
 
6.9259
 
5.2173
 
2.8165
 
1.4224
 
0.5830
 
0.0000
August 15, 2028
40.9571
 
13.7600
 
10.4550
 
6.2000
 
3.7598
 
2.8613
 
1.5805
 
0.8168
 
0.3323
 
0.0000
August 15, 2029
40.9571
 
7.9788
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
The exact Class A ordinary share prices and effective dates may not be set forth in the table above, in which case:
 

If the Class A ordinary share price is between two Class A ordinary share prices in the table or the effective date is between two effective dates in the table, the number of additional Class A ordinary shares by which the conversion rate will be increased will be determined by a straight-line interpolation between the number of additional Class A ordinary shares set forth for the higher and lower Class A ordinary share prices and the earlier and later effective dates, as applicable, based on a 365-day year.
 

If the Class A ordinary share price is greater than US$40.00 per Class A ordinary share (subject to adjustment in the same manner as the Class A ordinary share prices set forth in the column headings of the table above as set forth in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement), no additional Class A ordinary shares will be added to the conversion rate.
 

If the Class A ordinary share price is less than US$6.33 per Class A ordinary shares (subject to adjustment in the same manner as the Class A ordinary share prices set forth in the column headings of the table above as set forth in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement), no additional Class A ordinary shares will be added to the conversion rate.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event will the conversion rate per US$1,000 principal amount of the notes exceed 157.9778 Class A ordinary shares, subject to adjustment in the same manner as the conversion rate as set forth under “Description of Notes—Conversion Rights—Conversion Rate Adjustments” in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement.
 
Changes from Preliminary Prospectus Supplement
 
The formula set forth in clause (1) under “Description of the Notes—Conversion Rights—Conversion Rate Adjustments” on page S-38 in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement is hereby replaced with the following formula:

 




Bitdeer has filed a registration statement (including the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement dated August 15, 2024 and the accompanying prospectus dated April 2, 2024) with the SEC for the offering to which this communication relates. Before you invest, you should read the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement, the accompanying prospectus in that registration statement and other documents Bitdeer has filed with the SEC for more complete information about Bitdeer and the offerings. You may get these documents for free by visiting EDGAR on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. Alternatively, copies of the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying prospectus may also be obtained from BTIG, LLC by mail at 350 Bush Street, 9th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104, Attention: Syndicate Department, by phone at (415) 248-2200 or by email at prospectusdelivery@btig.com.

This communication should be read in conjunction with the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement dated August 15, 2024 and the accompanying prospectus dated April 2, 2024. The information in this communication supersedes the information in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying prospectus to the extent inconsistent with the information in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Terms used but not defined herein have the meanings given in the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement.
 
ANY DISCLAIMERS OR OTHER NOTICES THAT MAY APPEAR BELOW ARE NOT APPLICABLE TO THIS COMMUNICATION AND SHOULD BE DISREGARDED. SUCH DISCLAIMERS OR OTHER NOTICES WERE AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED AS A RESULT OF THIS COMMUNICATION BEING SENT VIA BLOOMBERG OR ANOTHER EMAIL SYSTEM.


ANNEX I
 
Lock-Up Agreement
 

August 15, 2024

BTIG, LLC
350 Bush St, 9th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94104
United States

Re: Bitdeer Technologies Group - Lock-Up Agreement
 
Ladies and Gentlemen:

The undersigned understands that you, as the representative, propose to enter into an Underwriting Agreement on behalf of the several Underwriters named in Schedule I to such agreement (collectively, the “Underwriters”) with Bitdeer Technologies Group, a company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Company”), providing for the offering (the “Offering”) of Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (the “Notes”) of the Company. The Notes will be convertible into Class A ordinary shares, par value US$0.0000001 per share, of the Company (the “Class A ordinary shares”) pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-278027) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Class A ordinary shares, together with the Company’s Class V ordinary shares, are collectively referred to as “Shares.”
 
In consideration of the agreement by the Underwriters to offer and sell the Notes, and of other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the undersigned agrees that, during the period specified in the following paragraph (the “Lock-Up Period”), the undersigned will not, directly or indirectly, offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, grant any option to purchase, make any short sale or otherwise dispose of, or file (or participate in the filing of) a registration statement with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) in respect of, any Shares, or any options or warrants to purchase any Shares, or any securities convertible into, exchangeable for or that represent the right to receive Shares, whether now owned or hereinafter acquired, with respect to which the undersigned has beneficial ownership within the rules and regulations of the SEC (collectively the “Undersigned’s Securities”). The foregoing restriction is expressly agreed to preclude the undersigned from engaging in any hedging or other transaction which is designed to or which reasonably could be expected to lead to or result in a sale or disposition of the Undersigned’s Securities even if such Undersigned’s Securities would be disposed of by someone other than the undersigned. Such prohibited hedging or other transactions would include without limitation any short sale or any purchase, swap or sale or grant of any right (including without limitation any put or call option) with respect to any of the Undersigned’s Securities or with respect to any security that includes or relates to or derives any significant part of its value from the Shares.
 
The Lock-Up Period will commence on the date of this Lock-Up Agreement and continue for 45 days after the date of the final prospectus supplement (the “Public Offering Date”) used to sell the Notes pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement.


Notwithstanding the foregoing, the undersigned may transfer the Undersigned’s Securities (i) in connection with the sale of the Undersigned’s Securities acquired in open market transactions or in the Offering or after the Public Offering Date, provided that no filing by any party under the United States Securities Exchange Act, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), shall be required or shall be voluntarily made in connection with such sale during the Lock- Up Period, (ii) by will or intestacy or otherwise transfer to immediate family members, trusts, family limited partnerships or an entity beneficially owned and controlled by the undersigned, or to a partner, member, shareholder or other equity holder of the undersigned or, if the undersigned is an investment fund or an investment fund manager, to any investment fund controlled or managed by the undersigned or managed by the same investment fund manager as the undersigned, in each case as part of a distribution without consideration by the undersigned, provided in each case that the transferee or transferees agree to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein prior to such transfer, no filing by any party (transferor or transferee) under the Exchange Act shall be required or shall be voluntarily made in connection with such transfer and any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value, (iii) as a bona fide gift or gifts, provided that the donee or donees thereof agree to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein, (iv) with the prior written consent of BTIG, LLC, (v) pursuant to an order of a court, provided that the recipients of such transfers agree to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein, or (vi) pursuant to a written plan meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act relating to the sale of securities of the Company (each, a “10b5-1 Plan”) in effect as of the date hereof. Also, this Agreement shall not apply to the establishment of a 10b5-1 Plan after the date hereof for the transfer of Shares, provided that (i) such plan does not provide for the transfer of Shares during the Lock-Up Period and (ii) to the extent a public announcement or filing under the Exchange Act, if any, is required of or voluntarily made by or on behalf of the undersigned or the Company regarding the establishment of such plan, such announcement or filing shall include a statement to the effect that no transfer of Shares may be made under such plan during the Lock-Up Period. For purposes of this Lock-Up Agreement, “immediate family” shall mean any relationship by blood, marriage or adoption, not more remote than first cousin.
 
Furthermore, the restrictions set forth in this Lock-Up Agreement will not apply to the sale or tender to the Company by the Undersigned of any Shares acquired by the exercise of any of the undersigned’s rights to acquire any Shares issued pursuant to the Company’s 2023 Share Incentive Plan, 2023 Performance Share Plan, or any other share option or similar equity incentive or compensation plan of the Company (collectively, the “Equity Incentive Grants”) or withholding by the Company of any such Shares for tax withholding purposes in connection with the vesting of Equity Incentive Grants that are subject to a taxable event upon vesting, provided that in each case, such plan is in effect as of the date of and disclosed in the prospectus supplement for the Offering, and provided further that any Shares issued upon exercise of such Equity Incentive Grants shall be subject to the restrictions set forth in this Lock-Up Agreement. The undersigned also agrees and consents to the entry of stop transfer instructions with the Company’s transfer agent and registrar against the transfer of the Undersigned’s Securities except in compliance with the foregoing restrictions.

The undersigned understands that you and the Company are relying upon this Lock-Up Agreement in proceeding toward consummation of the Offering. The undersigned further understands that this Lock-Up Agreement is irrevocable and shall be binding upon the undersigned’s heirs, legal representatives, successors, and assigns. This Lock-Up Agreement shall lapse and become null and void if the Offering shall not have closed on or before September 30, 2024. This Lock-Up Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.
 
The undersigned acknowledges and agrees that (i) the Underwriters have not provided any recommendation or investment advice nor solicited any action from the undersigned with respect to the Offering and (ii) the undersigned has consulted their own legal, accounting, financial, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent the undersigned has deemed appropriate. The undersigned further acknowledges and agrees that, although you may be required or choose to provide certain Regulation Best Interest and Form CRS disclosures to the undersigned in connection with the Offering, neither you nor any of the other Underwriters are making a recommendation to the undersigned to enter into this Lock-Up Agreement, and nothing set forth in such disclosures is intended to suggest that you or any of the other Underwriters is making such a recommendation.
 
This Lock-Up Agreement may be delivered via facsimile, electronic mail (including pdf or any electronic signature complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com or www.echosign.com) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.




Exhibit 4.1
 
Execution Version
 

BITDEER TECHNOLOGIES GROUP,
Issuer

AND

U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as Trustee
 

 
INDENTURE
 
Dated as of August 20, 2024
 

 
Debt Securities


Table Of Contents
 
 
Page
ARTICLE 1     DEFINITIONS
1
 
Section 1.01
Definitions of Terms
1
ARTICLE 2     ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES
5
 
Section 2.01
Designation and Terms of Securities
5
 
Section 2.02
Form of Securities and Trustee’s Certificate
8
 
Section 2.03
Denominations: Provisions for Payment
8
 
Section 2.04
Execution and Authentications
10
 
Section 2.05
Registration of Transfer and Exchange
11
 
Section 2.06
Temporary Securities
12
 
Section 2.07
Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities
12
 
Section 2.08
Cancellation
13
 
Section 2.09
Benefits of Indenture
13
 
Section 2.10
Authenticating Agent
14
 
Section 2.11
Global Securities
14
 
Section 2.12
CUSIP Numbers
15
ARTICLE 3     REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS
16
 
Section 3.01
Redemption
16
 
Section 3.02
Notice of Redemption
16
 
Section 3.03
Payment Upon Redemption
17
 
Section 3.04
Sinking Fund
17
 
Section 3.05
Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities
18
 
Section 3.06
Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund
18
ARTICLE 4     COVENANTS
19
 
Section 4.01
Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest
19
 
Section 4.02
Maintenance of Office or Agency
19
 
Section 4.03
Paying Agents
19
 
Section 4.04
Appointment to Fill Vacancy in Office of Trustee
20

i.

Table Of Contents
(continued)
 
     
Page
       
ARTICLE 5     SECURITYHOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE
21
 
Section 5.01
Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders
21
 
Section 5.02
Preservation Of Information; Communications With Securityholders
20
 
Section 5.03
Reports by the Company
20
 
Section 5.04
Reports by the Trustee
22
ARTICLE 6     REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT
22
 
Section 6.01
Events of Default
22
 
Section 6.02
Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee
24
 
Section 6.03
Application of Moneys Collected
26
 
Section 6.04
Limitation on Suits
26
 
Section 6.05
Rights and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver
27
 
Section 6.06
Control by Securityholders
27
 
Section 6.07
Undertaking to Pay Costs
28
ARTICLE 7     CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE
28
 
Section 7.01
Certain Duties and Responsibilities of Trustee
28
 
Section 7.02
Certain Rights of Trustee
30
 
Section 7.03
Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance or Securities
32
 
Section 7.04
May Hold Securities
32
 
Section 7.05
Moneys Held in Trust
32
 
Section 7.06
Compensation and Reimbursement
32
 
Section 7.07
Reliance on Officer’s Certificate
33
 
Section 7.08
Disqualification; Conflicting Interests
33
 
Section 7.09
Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility
33
 
Section 7.10
Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor
34
 
Section 7.11
Acceptance of Appointment By Successor
35
 
Section 7.12
Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business
36

ii.

Table Of Contents
(continued)

     
Page
       
 
Section 7.13
Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company
37
 
Section 7.14
Notice of Default.
37
ARTICLE 8     CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS
37
 
Section 8.01
Evidence of Action by Securityholders
37
 
Section 8.02
Proof of Execution by Securityholders
38
 
Section 8.03
Who May be Deemed Owners
38
 
Section 8.04
Certain Securities Owned by Company Disregarded
38
 
Section 8.05
Actions Binding on Future Securityholders
39
ARTICLE 9     SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
39
 
Section 9.01
Supplemental Indentures Without the Consent of Securityholders
39
 
Section 9.02
Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders
40
 
Section 9.03
Effect of Supplemental Indentures
41
 
Section 9.04
Securities Affected by Supplemental Indentures
41
 
Section 9.05
Execution of Supplemental Indentures
41
ARTICLE 10    SUCCESSOR ENTITY
42
 
Section 10.01
Company May Consolidate, Etc.
42
 
Section 10.02
Successor Entity Substituted
42
ARTICLE 11    SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE
43
 
Section 11.01
Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture
43
 
Section 11.02
Discharge of Obligations
43
 
Section 11.03
Deposited Moneys to be Held in Trust
44
 
Section 11.04
Payment of Moneys Held by Paying Agents
44
 
Section 11.05
Repayment to Company
44
ARTICLE 12   IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
45
 
Section 12.01
No Recourse
45
ARTICLE 13   MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
45
 
Section 13.01
Effect on Successors and Assigns
45
 
Section 13.02
Actions by Successor
45
 
Section 13.03
Surrender of Company Powers
45

iii.

Table Of Contents
(continued)

     
Page
       
 
Section 13.04
Notices
45
 
Section 13.05
Governing Law; Jury Trial Waiver
46
 
Section 13.06
Treatment of Securities as Debt
46
 
Section 13.07
Certificates and Opinions as to Conditions Precedent
46
 
Section 13.08
Payments on Business Days
47
 
Section 13.09
Conflict with Trust Indenture Act
47
 
Section 13.10
Counterparts
47
 
Section 13.11
Separability
47
 
Section 13.12
Compliance Certificates
47
 
Section 13.13
Patriot Act
48
 
Section 13.14
Force Majeure
48
 
Section 13.12
Table of Contents; Headings
48

iv.

INDENTURE
 

Indenture, dated as of August 24, 2024, between Bitdeer Technologies Group, an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands, the issuer (the “Company”), and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”):
 
Whereas, for its lawful corporate purposes, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance of debt securities (hereinafter referred to as the “Securities”), in an unlimited aggregate principal amount to be issued from time to time in one or more series as in this Indenture provided, as registered Securities without coupons, to be authenticated by the certificate of the Trustee;
 
Whereas, to provide the terms and conditions upon which the Securities are to be authenticated, issued and delivered, the Company has duly authorized the execution of this Indenture; and
 
Whereas, all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.
 
Now, Therefore, in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed as follows for the equal and ratable benefit of the holders of Securities:
 
ARTICLE 1

DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01        Definitions of Terms.
 
The terms defined in this Section (except as in this Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires) for all purposes of this Indenture and of any indenture supplemental hereto shall have the respective meanings specified in this Section and shall include the plural as well as the singular. All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined in the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or that are by reference in such Act defined in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (except as herein or any indenture supplemental hereto otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires), shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in said Trust Indenture Act and in said Securities Act as in force at the date of the execution of this instrument.
 
Authenticating Agent” means the Trustee or an authenticating agent with respect to all or any of the series of Securities appointed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 2.10.
 
Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

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Board of Directors” means the Board of Directors (or the functional equivalent thereof) of the Company or any duly authorized committee of such Board.
 
Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors (or duly authorized committee thereof) and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification.
 
Business Day” means, with respect to any series of Securities, any day other than a day on which federal or state banking institutions in the Cayman Islands, in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of New York, or in the city of the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, are authorized or obligated by law, executive order or regulation to close.
 
Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.
 
Company” means Bitdeer Technologies Group, an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and, subject to the provisions of Article Ten, shall also include its successors and assigns.
 
Corporate Trust Office” means the designated office of the Trustee at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust business related to this Indenture shall be principally administered, which office at the date hereof is located at 633 West 5th Street, 24th Floor, Los Angeles, California 90071.
 
Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.
 
Defaulted Interest” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.03.
 
Depositary” means, with respect to Securities of any series for which the Company shall determine that such Securities will be issued as a Global Security, The Depository Trust Company, another clearing agency, or any successor registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act, or other applicable statute or regulation, which, in each case, shall be designated by the Company pursuant to either Section 2.01 or 2.11.
 
Event of Default” means, with respect to Securities of a particular series, any event specified in Section 6.01, continued for the period of time, if any, therein designated.
 
Exchange Act” means the United States Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission thereunder.

2

The term “given”, “mailed”, “notify” or “sent” with respect to any notice to be given to a Securityholder pursuant to this Indenture, shall mean notice (x) given to the Depositary (or its designee) pursuant to the standing instructions from the Depositary or its designee, including by electronic mail in accordance with accepted practices or procedures at the Depositary (in the case of a Global Security) or (y) mailed to such Securityholder by first class mail, postage prepaid, at its address as it appears on the Security Register (in the case of a definitive Security). Notice so “given” shall be deemed to include any notice to be “mailed” or “delivered,” as applicable, under this Indenture.
 
Global Security” means a Security issued to evidence all or a part of any series of Securities which is executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction, all in accordance with the Indenture, which shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee.
 
Governmental Obligations” means securities that are (a) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (b) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America that, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof at any time prior to the stated maturity of the Securities, and shall also include a depositary receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such Governmental Obligation or a specific payment of principal of or interest on any such Governmental Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of such depositary receipt; provided, however, that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Governmental Obligation or the specific payment of principal of or interest on the Governmental Obligation evidenced by such depositary receipt.
 
herein”, “hereofand “hereunder”, and other words of similar import, refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.
 
Indenture” means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into in accordance with the terms hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 2.01.
 
Interest Payment Date”, when used with respect to any installment of interest on a Security of a particular series, means the date specified in such Security or in a Board Resolution or in an indenture supplemental hereto with respect to such series as the fixed date on which an installment of interest with respect to Securities of that series is due and payable.
 
Officer” means, with respect to the Company, the chairman of the Board of Directors, a chief executive officer, a president, a chief financial officer, a chief operating officer, any executive vice president, any senior vice president, any vice president, the treasurer or any assistant treasurer, the controller or any assistant controller or the secretary or any assistant secretary.

3

Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate signed by any Officer. Each such certificate shall include the statements provided for in Section 13.07, if and to the extent required by the provisions thereof.
 
Opinion of Counsel” means an opinion in writing subject to customary exceptions of legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel for the Company, that is delivered to the Trustee in accordance with the terms hereof. Each such opinion shall include the statements provided for in Section 13.07, if and to the extent required by the provisions thereof.
 
Outstanding”, when used with reference to Securities of any series, means, subject to the provisions of Section 8.04, as of any particular time, all Securities of that series theretofore authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Indenture, except (a) Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee or any paying agent, or delivered to the Trustee or any paying agent for cancellation or that have previously been canceled; (b) Securities or portions thereof for the payment or redemption of which moneys or Governmental Obligations in the necessary amount shall have been deposited in trust with the Trustee or with any paying agent (other than the Company) or shall have been set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own paying agent); provided, however, that if such Securities or portions of such Securities are to be redeemed prior to the maturity thereof, notice of such redemption shall have been given as provided in Article Three, or provision satisfactory to the Trustee shall have been made for giving such notice; and (c) Securities in lieu of or in substitution for which other Securities shall have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the terms of Section 2.07.
 
Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, joint-stock company, limited liability company, association, trust, unincorporated organization, any other entity or organization, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof.
 
Predecessor Security” of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 2.07 in lieu of a lost, destroyed or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the lost, destroyed or stolen Security.
 
Responsible Officer” when used with respect to the Trustee means any officer within the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee (or any successor group of the Trustee) or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter relating to this Indenture, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and in each case who shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture.
 
Securities” has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.
 
Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

4

Securityholder”, “holder of Securities”, “registered holder”, or other similar term, means the Person or Persons in whose name or names a particular Security is registered on the Security Register kept for that purpose in accordance with the terms of this Indenture.
 
Security Register” and “Security Registrar” shall have the meanings as set forth in Section 2.05.
 
Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, association, partnership or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of capital stock or other interests (including partnership interests) entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers, general partners or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by (i) such Person; (ii) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person; or (iii) one or more Subsidiaries of such Person.
 

Trustee” means U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, and, subject to the provisions of Article Seven, shall also include its successors and assigns, and, if at any time there is more than one Person acting in such capacity hereunder, “Trustee” shall mean each such Person. The term “Trustee” as used with respect to a particular series of the Securities shall mean the trustee with respect to that series.
 
Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.
 
“U.S.A. Patriot Act” means the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, Pub. L. 107-56, as amended and signed into law October 26, 2001.
 
ARTICLE 2
 
ISSUE, DESCRIPTION, TERMS, EXECUTION, REGISTRATION AND EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES
 
Section 2.01        Designation and Terms of Securities.
 
(a)         The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one or more series up to the aggregate principal amount of Securities of that series from time to time authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or pursuant to one or more indentures supplemental hereto. Prior to the initial issuance of Securities of any series, there shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto:
 
(1)          the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of that series from all other Securities);
 
(2)          any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of that series);

5

(3)          the maturity date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable;

(4)          the form of the Securities of the series including the form of the certificate of authentication for such series;
 
(5)          the applicability of any guarantees;
 
(6)          whether or not the Securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;
 
(7)          whether the Securities rank as senior debt, senior subordinated debt, subordinated debt or any combination thereof, and the terms of any subordination;

(8)          if the price (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount thereof) at which such Securities will be issued is a price other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof, or if applicable, the portion of the principal amount of such Securities that is convertible into another security or the method by which any such portion shall be determined;
 
(9)          the interest rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;
 
(10)        the Company’s right, if any, to defer the payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;

(11)        if applicable, the date or dates after which, or the period or periods during which, and the price or prices at which, the Company may at its option, redeem the series of Securities pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption provisions;
 
(12)       the date or dates, if any, on which, and the price or prices at which the Company is obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the Securityholder’s option to purchase, the series of Securities and the currency or currency unit in which the Securities are payable;
 
(13)        the denominations in which the Securities of the series shall be issuable, if other than denominations of one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof;
 
(14)        any and all terms, if applicable, relating to any auction or remarketing of the Securities of that series and any security for the obligations of the Company with respect to such Securities and any other terms which may be advisable in connection with the marketing of Securities of that series;

6

(15)       whether the Securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a Global Security or Securities; the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such Global Security or Securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual Securities; and the Depositary for such Global Security or Securities;
 
(16)        if applicable, the provisions relating to conversion or exchange of any Securities of the series and the terms and conditions upon which such Securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the conversion or exchange price, as applicable, or how it will be calculated and may be adjusted, any mandatory or optional (at the Company’s option or the holders’ option) conversion or exchange features, the applicable conversion or exchange period and the manner of settlement for any conversion or exchange, which may, without limitation, include the payment of cash as well as the delivery of securities;
 
(17)        if other than the full principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.01;

(18)        additions to or changes in the covenants applicable to the series of Securities being issued, including, among others, the consolidation, merger or sale covenant;
 
(19)        additions to or changes in the Events of Default with respect to the Securities and any change in the right of the Trustee or the Securityholders to declare the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with respect to such Securities to be due and payable;
 
(20)        additions to or changes in or deletions of the provisions relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance;
 
(21)        additions to or changes in the provisions relating to satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture;

(22)        additions to or changes in the provisions relating to the modification of this Indenture both with and without the consent of Securityholders of Securities issued under this Indenture;
 
(23)        the currency of payment of Securities if other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S. dollars;

(24)        whether interest will be payable in cash or additional Securities at the Company’s or the Securityholders’ option and the terms and conditions upon which the election may be made;

(25)        the terms and conditions, if any, upon which the Company shall pay amounts in addition to the stated interest, premium, if any and principal amounts of the Securities of the series to any Securityholder that is not a “United States person” for federal tax purposes;
 
7

(26)        any restrictions on transfer, sale or assignment of the Securities of the series; and
 
(27)        any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the Securities, any other additions or changes in the provisions of this Indenture, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations.
 
All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to any such Board Resolution or in any indentures supplemental hereto.
 
If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution of the Company, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the secretary or an assistant secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officer’s Certificate of the Company setting forth the terms of the series.
 
Securities of any particular series may be issued at various times, with different dates on which the principal or any installment of principal is payable, with different rates of interest, if any, or different methods by which rates of interest may be determined, with different dates on which such interest may be payable and with different redemption dates.
 
Section 2.02        Form of Securities and Trustee’s Certificate.
 
The Securities of any series and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication to be borne by such Securities shall be substantially of the tenor and purport as set forth in one or more indentures supplemental hereto or as provided in a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, and they may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as may be required to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any securities exchange on which Securities of that series may be listed, or to conform to usage.
 
Section 2.03        Denominations: Provisions for Payment.
 
The Securities shall be issuable as registered Securities and in the minimum denominations of one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof, subject to Section 2.01(a)(13). The Securities of a particular series shall bear interest payable on the dates and at the rate specified with respect to that series. Subject to Section 2.01(a)(23), the principal of and the interest on the Securities of any series, as well as any premium thereon in case of redemption or repurchase thereof prior to maturity, and any cash amount due upon conversion or exchange thereof, shall be payable in the coin or currency of the United States of America that at the time is legal tender for public and private debt, at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. Interest on the Securities shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months.

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The interest installment on any Security that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of that series shall be paid to the Person in whose name said Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such interest installment. In the event that any Security of a particular series or portion thereof is called for redemption and the redemption date is subsequent to a regular record date with respect to any Interest Payment Date and prior to such Interest Payment Date, interest on such Security will be paid upon presentation and surrender of such Security as provided in Section 3.03.
 
Any interest on any Security that is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of the same series (herein called “Defaulted Interest”) shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered holder on the relevant regular record date by virtue of having been such holder; and such Defaulted Interest shall be paid by the Company, at its election, as provided in clause (1) or clause (2) below:
 
(1)         The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on Securities to the Persons in whose names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered in the Security Register at the close of business on a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner: the Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each such Security and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided. Thereupon the Company shall fix a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall not be more than 15 nor less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing of such special record date and in such notice, instruct the Trustee to send notice to the holders, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor to be sent, to each Securityholder not less than 10 days prior to such special record date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the special record date therefor having been sent as aforesaid, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names such Securities (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered in the Security Register on such special record date.
 
(2)          The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on any Securities in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.

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Unless otherwise set forth in a Board Resolution or one or more indentures supplemental hereto establishing the terms of any series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof, the term “regular record date” as used in this Section with respect to a series of Securities and any Interest Payment Date for such series shall mean either the fifteenth day of the month immediately preceding the month in which an Interest Payment Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is the first day of a month, or the first day of the month in which an Interest Payment Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is the fifteenth day of a month, whether or not such date is a Business Day.
 
Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security of a series delivered under this Indenture upon transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security of such series shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, that were carried by such other Security.
 
Section 2.04        Execution and Authentications.
 
The Securities shall be signed on behalf of the Company by one of its Officers.
 
Signatures may be in the form of a manual, electronic or facsimile signature.
 
The Company may use the electronic or facsimile signature of any Person who shall have been an Officer (at the time of execution), notwithstanding the fact that at the time the Securities shall be authenticated and delivered or disposed of such Person shall have ceased to be such an officer of the Company. The Securities may contain such notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule or usage. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication by the Trustee.
 
A Security shall not be valid until authenticated manually by an authorized signatory of the Trustee, or by an Authenticating Agent. Such signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security so authenticated has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that the holder is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a written order of the Company for the authentication and delivery of such Securities, signed by an Officer, and the Trustee in accordance with such written order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities.
 
Upon the Company’s delivery of any such authentication order to the Trustee at any time after the initial issuance of Securities under this Indenture, the Trustee shall be provided with, and (subject to Sections 315(a) through 315(d) of the Trust Indenture Act) shall be fully protected in relying upon, (1) an Opinion of Counsel or reliance letter and (2) an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent to the execution, authentication and delivery of such Securities are in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture.
 
The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner that is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

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Section 2.05        Registration of Transfer and Exchange.
 
(a)          Securities of any series may be exchanged upon presentation thereof at the office or agency of the Company designated for such purpose, for other Securities of such series of authorized denominations, and for a like aggregate principal amount, upon payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge in relation thereto, all as provided in this Section. In respect of any Securities so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in exchange therefor the Security or Securities of the same series that the Securityholder making the exchange shall be entitled to receive, bearing numbers not contemporaneously outstanding.
 
(b)         The Company shall keep, or cause to be kept, at its office or agency designated for such purpose a register or registers (herein referred to as the “Security Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall register the Securities and the transfers of Securities as in this Article provided and which at all reasonable times shall be open for inspection by the Trustee. The registrar for the purpose of registering Securities and transfer of Securities as herein provided shall be appointed as authorized by Board Resolution or Supplemental Indenture (the “Security Registrar”).
 
Upon surrender for transfer of any Security at the office or agency of the Company designated for such purpose, the Company shall execute, the Trustee shall authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in the name of the transferee or transferees a new Security or Securities of the same series as the Security presented for a like aggregate principal amount.
 
The Company initially appoints the Trustee as Security Registrar for each series of Securities.
 
All Securities presented or surrendered for exchange or registration of transfer, as provided in this Section, shall be accompanied (if so required by the Company or the Security Registrar) by a written instrument or instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Company or the Security Registrar, duly executed by the registered holder or by such holder’s duly authorized attorney in writing.
 
(c)         Except as provided pursuant to Section 2.01 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental to this Indenture, no service charge shall be made for any exchange or registration of transfer of Securities, or issue of new Securities in case of partial redemption of any series or repurchase, conversion or exchange of less than the entire principal amount of a Security, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge in relation thereto, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 2.06, Section 3.03(b) and Section 9.04 not involving any transfer.
 
(d)         The Company and the Security Registrar shall not be required (i) to issue, exchange or register the transfer of any Securities during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the sending of a notice of redemption of less than all the Outstanding Securities of the same series and ending at the close of business on the day of such sending, nor (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Securities of any series or portions thereof called for redemption or surrendered for repurchase, but not validly withdrawn, other than the unredeemed portion of any such Securities being redeemed in part or not surrendered for repurchase, as the case may be. The provisions of this Section 2.05 are, with respect to any Global Security, subject to Section 2.11 hereof.

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The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Security (including any transfers between or among Depositary participants or beneficial owners of interests in any Global Security) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof.
 
Neither the Trustee nor any Agent shall have any responsibility or liability for any actions taken or not taken by the Depositary.
 
Section 2.06        Temporary Securities.
 
Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and the Trustee shall, upon receipt of a Company Order, authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities (printed, lithographed or typewritten) of any authorized denomination. Such temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued, but with such omissions, insertions and variations as may be appropriate for temporary Securities, all as may be determined by the Company. Every temporary Security of any series shall be executed by the Company and be authenticated by the Trustee upon the same conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with like effect, as the definitive Securities of such series. Without unnecessary delay the Company will execute and will furnish definitive Securities of such series and thereupon any or all temporary Securities of such series may be surrendered in exchange therefor (without charge to the Securityholders), at the office or agency of the Company designated for the purpose, and the Trustee shall, upon receipt of a Company Order, authenticate and such office or agency shall deliver in exchange for such temporary Securities an equal aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of such series, unless the Company advises the Trustee to the effect that definitive Securities need not be executed and furnished until further notice from the Company. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of such series shall be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series authenticated and delivered hereunder.
 
Section 2.07        Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities.
 
In case any temporary or definitive Security shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company (subject to the next succeeding sentence) shall execute, and upon, receipt of a Company Order the Trustee (subject as aforesaid) shall authenticate and deliver, a new Security of the same series, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated Security, or in lieu of and in substitution for the Security so destroyed, lost or stolen. In every case the applicant for a substituted Security shall furnish to the Company and the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless, and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the Company and the Trustee evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of the applicant’s Security and of the ownership thereof. The Trustee may authenticate any such substituted Security and deliver the same upon receipt of a Company Order. Upon the issuance of any substituted Security, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

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In case any Security that has matured or is about to mature shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company may, instead of issuing a substitute Security, pay or authorize the payment of the same (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated Security) if the applicant for such payment shall furnish to the Company and the Trustee such security or indemnity as they may require to save them harmless, and, in case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence to the satisfaction of the Company and the Trustee of the destruction, loss or theft of such Security and of the ownership thereof.
 
Every replacement Security issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section shall constitute an additional contractual obligation of the Company whether or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be found at any time, or be enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of the same series duly issued hereunder. All Securities shall be held and owned upon the express condition that the foregoing provisions are exclusive with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities, and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) any and all other rights or remedies, notwithstanding any law or statute existing or hereafter enacted to the contrary with respect to the replacement or payment of negotiable instruments or other securities without their surrender.
 
Section 2.08        Cancellation.
 
All Securities surrendered for the purpose of payment, redemption, repurchase, exchange, registration of transfer or conversion shall, if surrendered to the Company or any paying agent (or any other applicable agent), be delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, or, if surrendered to the Trustee, shall be cancelled by it, and no Securities shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly required or permitted by any of the provisions of this Indenture. On request of the Company at the time of such surrender, the Trustee shall deliver to the Company evidence of cancellation for the canceled Securities held by the Trustee. The Trustee shall cancel and may dispose of canceled Securities in accordance with its standard procedures. If the Company shall otherwise acquire any of the Securities, however, such acquisition shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.
 
Section 2.09        Benefits of Indenture.
 
Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give or be construed to give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and the holders of the Securities any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Indenture, or under any covenant, condition or provision herein contained; all such covenants, conditions and provisions being for the sole benefit of the parties hereto and of the holders of the Securities.

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Section 2.10        Authenticating Agent.
 
So long as any of the Securities of any series remain Outstanding there may be an Authenticating Agent for any or all such series of Securities which the Trustee shall have the right to appoint. Said Authenticating Agent shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon exchange, transfer or partial redemption, repurchase or conversion thereof, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. All references in this Indenture to the authentication of Securities by the Trustee shall be deemed to include authentication by an Authenticating Agent for such series. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall be a corporation that has a combined capital and surplus, as most recently reported or determined by it, sufficient under the laws of any jurisdiction under which it is organized or in which it is doing business to conduct a trust business, and that is otherwise authorized under such laws to conduct such business and is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authorities. If at any time any Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with these provisions, it shall resign immediately.
 
Any Authenticating Agent may at any time resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time (and upon request by the Company shall) terminate the agency of any Authenticating Agent by giving written notice of termination to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon resignation, termination or cessation of eligibility of any Authenticating Agent, the Trustee may appoint an eligible successor Authenticating Agent acceptable to the Company. Any successor Authenticating Agent, upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder, shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent pursuant hereto.
 
Section 2.11        Global Securities.
 
(a)        If the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 2.01 that the Securities of a particular series are to be issued as a Global Security, then the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall, in accordance with Section 2.04, authenticate and deliver, a Global Security that (i) shall represent, and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of, all of the Outstanding Securities of such series, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee, (iii) shall be delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction (or if the Depositary names the Trustee as its custodian, retained by the Trustee), and (iv) shall bear a legend substantially to the following effect: “Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.11 of the Indenture, this Security may be transferred, in whole but not in part, only to another nominee of the Depositary or to a successor Depositary or to a nominee of such successor Depositary.”
 
(b)        Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 2.05, the Global Security of a series may be transferred, in whole but not in part and in the manner provided in Section 2.05, only to another nominee of the Depositary for such series, or to a successor Depositary for such series selected or approved by the Company or to a nominee of such successor Depositary.

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(c)         If at any time the Depositary for a series of the Securities notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such series or if at any time the Depositary for such series shall no longer be registered or in good standing under the Exchange Act, or other applicable statute or regulation, and a successor Depositary for such series is not appointed by the Company within 90 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such condition, as the case may be, or if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and the Company has received a request from the Depositary or from the Trustee, this Section 2.11 shall no longer be applicable to the Securities of such series and the Company will execute, and subject to Section 2.04, the Trustee will authenticate and deliver the Securities of such series in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange for such Global Security. In addition, the Company may at any time determine that the Securities of any series shall no longer be represented by a Global Security and that the provisions of this Section 2.11 shall no longer apply to the Securities of such series. In such event the Company will execute and, subject to Section 2.04, the Trustee, upon receipt of an Officer’s Certificate evidencing such determination by the Company, will authenticate and deliver the Securities of such series in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security of such series in exchange for such Global Security. Upon the exchange of the Global Security for such Securities in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, the Global Security shall be canceled by the Trustee. Such Securities in definitive registered form issued in exchange for the Global Security pursuant to this Section 2.11(c) shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee. The Trustee shall deliver such Securities to the Depositary for delivery to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered.
 
Section 2.12        CUSIP Numbers.
 
The Company in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Securityholders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other elements of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the “CUSIP” numbers.

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ARTICLE 3
 
REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES AND SINKING FUND PROVISIONS
 
Section 3.01        Redemption.
 
The Company may redeem the Securities of any series issued hereunder on and after the dates and in accordance with the terms established for such series pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof.
 
Section 3.02        Notice of Redemption.
 
(a)         In case the Company shall desire to exercise such right to redeem all or, as the case may be, a portion of the Securities of any series in accordance with any right the Company reserved for itself to do so pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof, the Company shall, or shall cause the Trustee (upon 5 Business Days written notice, unless a shorter period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) to, give notice of such redemption to holders of the Securities of such series to be redeemed by mailing (or with regard to any Global Security held in book entry form, by electronic mail in accordance with the applicable procedures of the Depositary), a notice of such redemption not less than 30 days and not more than 90 days before the date fixed for redemption of that series to such Securityholders, unless a shorter period is specified in the Securities to be redeemed. Any notice that is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the registered holder receives the notice. In any case, failure duly to give such notice to the holder of any Security of any series designated for redemption in whole or in part, or any defect in the notice, shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Securities of such series or any other series. In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officer’s Certificate evidencing compliance with any such restriction.
 
Each such notice of redemption shall identify the Securities to be redeemed (including CUSIP numbers, if any), specify the date fixed for redemption and the redemption price at which Securities of that series are to be redeemed, and shall state that payment of the redemption price of such Securities to be redeemed will be made at the office or agency of the Company, upon presentation and surrender of such Securities, that interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption will be paid as specified in said notice, that from and after said date interest will cease to accrue and that the redemption is from a sinking fund, if such is the case. If less than all the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the notice to the holders of Securities of that series to be redeemed in part shall specify the particular Securities to be so redeemed.
 
In case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the notice that relates to such Security shall state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed, and shall state that on and after the redemption date, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities of such series in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued.

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(b)         If less than all the Securities of a series are to be redeemed, the Company shall give the Trustee at least 45 days’ notice (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) in advance of the date fixed for redemption as to the aggregate principal amount of Securities of the series to be redeemed, and thereupon the Securities to be redeemed shall be selected, by lot, on a pro rata basis, or in such other manner as the Company shall deem appropriate and fair in its discretion (and subject to the applicable procedures of the Depositary) and that may provide for the selection of a portion or portions (equal to one thousand U.S. dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of such Securities of a denomination larger than $1,000, the Securities to be redeemed and shall thereafter promptly notify the Company in writing of the numbers of the Securities to be redeemed, in whole or in part. The Company may, if and whenever it shall so elect, by delivery of instructions signed on its behalf by an Officer, instruct the Trustee or any paying agent to call all or any part of the Securities of a particular series for redemption and to give notice of redemption in the manner set forth in this Section, such notice to be in the name of the Company or its own name as the Trustee or such paying agent may deem advisable. In any case in which notice of redemption is to be given by the Trustee or any such paying agent, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to, or permit to remain with, the Trustee or such paying agent, as the case may be, such Security Register, transfer books or other records, or suitable copies or extracts therefrom, sufficient to enable the Trustee or such paying agent to give any notice by mail that may be required under the provisions of this Section.
 
Section 3.03        Payment Upon Redemption.
 
(a)         If the giving of notice of redemption shall have been completed as above provided, the Securities or portions of Securities of the series to be redeemed specified in such notice shall become due and payable on the date and at the place stated in such notice at the applicable redemption price, together with interest accrued to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption and interest on such Securities or portions of Securities shall cease to accrue on and after the date fixed for redemption, unless the Company shall default in the payment of such redemption price and accrued interest with respect to any such Security or portion thereof. On presentation and surrender of such Securities on or after the date fixed for redemption at the place of payment specified in the notice, said Securities shall be paid and redeemed at the applicable redemption price for such series, together with interest accrued thereon to, but excluding, the date fixed for redemption (but if the date fixed for redemption is an Interest Payment Date, the interest installment payable on such date shall be payable to the registered holder at the close of business on the applicable record date pursuant to Section 2.03).
 
(b)         Upon presentation of any Security of such series that is to be redeemed in part only, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and the office or agency where the Security is presented shall deliver to the Securityholder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Security of the same series of authorized denominations in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Security so presented.
 
Section 3.04        Sinking Fund.
 
The provisions of Sections 3.04, 3.05 and 3.06 shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series, except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.01 for Securities of such series.

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The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment,” and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an “optional sinking fund payment”. If provided for by the terms of Securities of any series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in Section 3.05. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series.
 
Section 3.05        Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.
 
The Company (i) may deliver Outstanding Securities of a series and (ii) may apply as a credit Securities of a series that have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as provided for by the terms of such series, provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the redemption price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.
 
Section 3.06        Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.
 
Not less than 45 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities (unless a shorter period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms of the series, the portion thereof, if any, that is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series pursuant to Section 3.05 and the basis for such credit and will, together with such Officer’s Certificate, deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment date the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date shall be selected in the manner specified in Section 3.02 and the Company shall cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 3.02. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Section 3.03.

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ARTICLE 4

COVENANTS

Section 4.01        Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest.
 
The Company will duly and punctually pay or cause to be paid the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of that series at the time and place and in the manner provided herein and established with respect to such Securities. Payments of principal on the Securities may be made at the time provided herein and established with respect to such Securities by U.S. dollar check drawn on and mailed to the address of the Securityholder entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register, or U.S. dollar wire transfer to, a U.S. dollar account if such Securityholder shall have furnished wire instructions to the Trustee no later than 15 days prior to the relevant payment date. Payments of interest on the Securities may be made at the time provided herein and established with respect to such Securities by U.S. dollar check mailed to the address of the Securityholder entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register, or U.S. dollar wire transfer to, a U.S. dollar account if such Securityholder shall have furnished wire instructions in writing to the Security Registrar and the Trustee no later than 15 days prior to the relevant payment date.
 
Section 4.02        Maintenance of Office or Agency.
 
So long as any series of the Securities remain Outstanding, the Company agrees to maintain an office or agency with respect to each such series and at such other location or locations as may be designated as provided in this Section 4.02, where (i) Securities of that series may be presented for payment, (ii) Securities of that series may be presented as herein above authorized for registration of transfer and exchange, and (iii) notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be given or made, such designation to continue with respect to such office or agency until the Company shall, by written notice signed by any officer authorized to sign an Officer’s Certificate and delivered to the Trustee, designate some other office or agency for such purposes or any of them. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, and notices; provided, however, the Trustee shall not be considered an agent of the Company for service of process, notices and demands may be made or at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations, notices and demands. The Company initially appoints the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee as its paying agent with respect to the Securities.
 
Section 4.03        Paying Agents.
 
(a)         If the Company shall appoint one or more paying agents for all or any series of the Securities, other than the Trustee, the Company will cause each such paying agent to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section:
 
(1)          that it will hold all sums held by it as such agent for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities of that series (whether such sums have been paid to it by the Company or by any other obligor of such Securities) in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto;
 
(2)          that it will give the Trustee notice of any failure by the Company (or by any other obligor of such Securities) to make any payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities of that series when the same shall be due and payable;

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(3)          that it will, at any time during the continuance of any failure referred to in the preceding paragraph (a)(2) above, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such paying agent;
 
(4)          that upon any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, readjustment, arrangement, composition or judicial proceedings affecting the Company, the Trustee will automatically be the Paying Agent; and
 
(5)          that it will perform all other duties of paying agent as set forth in this Indenture.

(b)         If the Company shall act as its own paying agent with respect to any series of the Securities, it will on or before each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on Securities of that series, set aside, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay such principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due on Securities of that series until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of such action, or any failure (by it or any other obligor on such Securities) to take such action. Whenever the Company shall have one or more paying agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with the paying agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal, premium or interest, and (unless such paying agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of this action or failure so to act.

(c)         Notwithstanding anything in this Section to the contrary, (i) the agreement to hold sums in trust as provided in this Section is subject to the provisions of Section 11.05, and (ii) the Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or direct any paying agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such paying agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same terms and conditions as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such paying agent; and, upon such payment by the Company or any paying agent to the Trustee, the Company or such paying agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money.
 
Section 4.04        Appointment to Fill Vacancy in Office of Trustee.
 
The Company, whenever necessary to avoid or fill a vacancy in the office of Trustee, will appoint, in the manner provided in Section 7.10, a Trustee, so that there shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder.

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ARTICLE 5
 
SECURITYHOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE
 
Section 5.01        Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders.
 
The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee (a) within 15 days after each regular record date (as defined in Section 2.03) a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the holders of each series of Securities as of such regular record date, provided that the Company shall not be obligated to furnish or cause to furnish such list at any time that the list shall not differ in any respect from the most recent list furnished to the Trustee by the Company and (b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished; provided, however, that, in either case, no such list need be furnished for any series for which the Trustee shall be the Security Registrar.
 
Section 5.02        Preservation Of Information; Communications With Securityholders.
 
(a)         The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, all information as to the names and addresses of the holders of Securities contained in the most recent list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 and as to the names and addresses of holders of Securities received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar (if acting in such capacity).
 
(b)         The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 5.01 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.
 
(c)         Securityholders may communicate as provided in Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act with other Securityholders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities, and, in connection with any such communications, the Trustee shall satisfy its obligations under Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the provisions of Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.
 
Section 5.03        Reports by the Company.
 
(a)         The Company will at all times comply with Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. The Company covenants and agrees to provide (which delivery may be via electronic mail) to the Trustee within 30 days, after the Company files the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) that the Company is required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act; provided, however, the Company shall not be required to deliver to the Trustee any correspondence filed with the Commission or any materials for which the Company has sought and received confidential treatment by the Commission; and provided further, that so long as such filings by the Company are available on the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System (EDGAR), or any successor system, such filings shall be deemed to have been filed with the Trustee for purposes hereof without any further action required by the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, a failure by the Company to file annual reports, information and other reports with the Commission within the time period prescribed thereof by the Commission shall not be deemed a breach of this Section 5.03.

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(b)         Delivery of reports, information and documents to the Trustee under Section 5.03 is for informational purposes only and the information and the Trustee’s receipt of the foregoing shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein, or determinable from information contained therein including the Company’s compliance with any of their covenants thereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on an Officer’s Certificate). The Trustee is under no duty to examine any such reports, information or documents delivered to the Trustee or filed with the Commission via EDGAR to ensure compliance with the provision of this Indenture or to ascertain the correctness or otherwise of the information or the statements contained therein. The Trustee shall have no responsibility or duty whatsoever to ascertain or determine whether the above referenced filings with the Commission on EDGAR (or any successor system) has occurred.
 
Section 5.04        Reports by the Trustee.
 
(a)         If required by Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee, within sixty (60) days after each May 1, shall send to the Securityholders a brief report dated as of such May 1, which complies with Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act.

(b)         The Trustee shall comply with Section 313(b) and 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act.
 
(c)         A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Securityholders, be filed by the Trustee with the Company, with each securities exchange upon which any Securities are listed (if so listed) and also with the Commission. The Company agrees to notify the Trustee when any Securities become listed on any securities exchange.

ARTICLE 6
 
REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT
 
Section 6.01        Events of Default.
 
(a)         Whenever used herein with respect to Securities of a particular series, “Event of Default” means any one or more of the following events that has occurred and is continuing:

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(1)          the Company defaults in the payment of any installment of interest upon any of the Securities of that series, as and when the same shall become due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 90 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an interest payment period by the Company in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental hereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of interest for this purpose;
 
(2)          the Company defaults in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any of the Securities of that series as and when the same shall become due and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to that series; provided, however, that a valid extension of the maturity of such Securities in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental hereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of principal or premium, if any;
 
(3)         the Company fails to observe or perform any other of its covenants or agreements with respect to that series contained in this Indenture or otherwise established with respect to that series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof (other than a covenant or agreement that has been expressly included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of one or more series of Securities other than such series) for a period of 90 days after the date on which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder, shall have been given to the Company by the Trustee, by registered or certified mail, or to the Company and the Trustee by the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Securities of that series at the time Outstanding;
 
(4)          the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law (i) commences a voluntary case, (ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case, (iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property or (iv) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors; or
 
(5)         a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order under any Bankruptcy Law that (i) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case, (ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company for all or substantially all of its property or (iii) orders the liquidation of the Company, and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 90 days.
 
(b)         In each and every such case (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (4) or clause (5) above), unless the principal of all the Securities of that series shall have already become due and payable, either the Trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series then Outstanding hereunder, by notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by such Securityholders), may declare the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become and shall be immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in clause (4) or clause (5) above occurs, the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of that series shall automatically be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or the holders of the Securities.

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(c)         At any time after the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on the Securities of that series shall have been so declared due and payable, and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the moneys due shall have been obtained or entered as hereinafter provided, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series then Outstanding hereunder, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if: (i) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest upon all the Securities of that series and the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any and all Securities of that series that shall have become due otherwise than by acceleration (with interest upon such principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent that such payment is enforceable under applicable law, upon overdue installments of interest, at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities of that series to the date of such payment or deposit) and the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06, and (ii) any and all Events of Default under the Indenture with respect to such series, other than the nonpayment of principal on (and premium, if any, on) and accrued and unpaid interest on Securities of that series that shall not have become due by their terms, shall have been remedied or waived as provided in Section 6.06.
 
No such rescission and annulment shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon.

(d)         In case the Trustee shall have proceeded to enforce any right with respect to Securities of that series under this Indenture and such proceedings shall have been discontinued or abandoned because of such rescission or annulment or for any other reason or shall have been determined adversely to the Trustee, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceedings, the Company and the Trustee shall be restored respectively to their former positions and rights hereunder, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Company and the Trustee shall continue as though no such proceedings had been taken.
 
Section 6.02        Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.
 
(a)         The Company covenants that (i) in case it shall default in the payment of any installment of interest on any of the Securities of a series, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to that series as and when the same shall have become due and payable, and such default shall have continued for a period of 90 days, or (ii) in case it shall default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any of the Securities of a series when the same shall have become due and payable, whether upon maturity of the Securities of a series or upon redemption or upon declaration or otherwise then, upon demand of the Trustee, the Company will pay to the Trustee, for the benefit of the holders of the Securities of that series, the whole amount that then shall have been become due and payable on all such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) or interest, or both, as the case may be, with interest upon the overdue principal (and premium, if any) and (to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law) upon overdue installments of interest at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities of that series; and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, and the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06.

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(b)         If the Company shall fail to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, shall be entitled and empowered to institute any action or proceedings at law or in equity for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute any such action or proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce any such judgment or final decree against the Company or other obligor upon the Securities of that series and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law or equity out of the property of the Company or other obligor upon the Securities of that series, wherever situated.
 
(c)         In case of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, readjustment, arrangement, composition or judicial proceedings affecting the Company, or its creditors or property, the Trustee shall have power to intervene in such proceedings and take any action therein that may be permitted by the court and shall (except as may be otherwise provided by law) be entitled to file such proofs of claim and other papers and documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee and of the holders of Securities of such series allowed for the entire amount due and payable by the Company under the Indenture at the date of institution of such proceedings and for any additional amount that may become due and payable by the Company after such date, and to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claim, and to distribute the same after the deduction of the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06; and any receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization is hereby authorized by each of the holders of Securities of such series to make such payments to the Trustee, and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to such Securityholders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it under Section 7.06.
 
(d)         All rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or under any of the terms established with respect to Securities of that series, may be enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of such Securities, or the production thereof at any trial or other proceeding relative thereto, and any such suit or proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for payment to the Trustee of any amounts due under Section 7.06, be for the ratable benefit of the holders of the Securities of such series.
 
In case of an Event of Default hereunder, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce the rights vested in it by this Indenture by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of such rights, either at law or in equity or in bankruptcy or otherwise, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement contained in the Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted in this Indenture, or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the Trustee by this Indenture or by law.
 
Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Securityholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities of that series or the rights of any Securityholder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Securityholder in any such proceeding.

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Section 6.03        Application of Moneys Collected.
 
Any moneys or property collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article with respect to a particular series of Securities shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such moneys or property on account of principal (or premium, if any) or interest, upon presentation of the Securities of that series, and notation thereon of the payment, if only partially paid, and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:
 
FIRST: To the payment of costs and expenses of collection and of all amounts payable to the Trustee under Section 7.06;
 
SECOND: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid upon Securities of such series for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, respectively; and
 
THIRD: To the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company or any other Person lawfully entitled thereto.
 
Section 6.04        Limitation on Suits.
 
No holder of any Security of any series shall have any right by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to institute any suit, action or proceeding in equity or at law upon or under or with respect to this Indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless (i) such Securityholder previously shall have given to the Trustee written notice of an Event of Default and of the continuance thereof with respect to the Securities of such series specifying such Event of Default, as hereinbefore provided; (ii) the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series then Outstanding shall have made written request upon the Trustee to institute such action, suit or proceeding in its own name as Trustee hereunder; (iii) such Securityholder or Securityholders shall have offered to the Trustee indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request; (iv) the Trustee for 90 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity, shall have failed to institute any such action, suit or proceeding and (v) during such 90 day period, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of that series do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request.
 
Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary or any other provisions of this Indenture, the right of any holder of any Security to receive payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Security, as therein provided, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security (or in the case of redemption, on the redemption date), or to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such respective dates or redemption date, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such holder and by accepting a Security hereunder it is expressly understood, intended and covenanted by the taker and holder of every Security of such series with every other such taker and holder and the Trustee, that no one or more holders of Securities of such series shall have any right in any manner whatsoever by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of the holders of any other of such Securities, or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference to any other such holder, or to enforce any right under this Indenture (it being understood that the Trustee does not have an affirmative duty to ascertain whether or not such actions or forbearance are unduly prejudicial to such holders), except in the manner herein provided and for the equal, ratable and common benefit of all holders of Securities of such series. For the protection and enforcement of the provisions of this Section, each and every Securityholder and the Trustee shall be entitled to such relief as can be given either at law or in equity.

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Section 6.05        Rights and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver.
 
(a)         Except as otherwise provided in Section 2.07, all powers and remedies given by this Article to the Trustee or to the Securityholders shall, to the extent permitted by law, be deemed cumulative and not exclusive of any other powers and remedies available to the Trustee or the holders of the Securities, by judicial proceedings or otherwise, to enforce the performance or observance of the covenants and agreements contained in this Indenture or otherwise established with respect to such Securities.
 
(b)         No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any holder of any of the Securities to exercise any right or power accruing upon any Event of Default occurring and continuing as aforesaid shall impair any such right or power, or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such default or an acquiescence therein; and, subject to the provisions of Section 6.04, every power and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or the Securityholders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as shall be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Securityholders.
 
Section 6.06        Control by Securityholders.
 
The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding, determined in accordance with Section 8.04, shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to such series; provided, however, that such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture or subject the Trustee in its sole discretion to personal liability. Subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer or officers of the Trustee, determine that the proceeding so directed, subject to the Trustee’s duties under the Trust Indenture Act, would involve the Trustee in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the Securityholders not involved in the proceeding. Prior to taking any action under this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to indemnity or security satisfactory to it against loss, liability or expense that may be caused by taking such action. The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding affected thereby, determined in accordance with Section 8.04, may on behalf of the holders of all of the Securities of such series waive any past default in the performance of any of the covenants contained herein or established pursuant to Section 2.01 with respect to such series and its consequences, except a default in the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, any of the Securities of that series as and when the same shall become due by the terms of such Securities otherwise than by acceleration (unless such default has been cured and a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest and principal and any premium has been deposited with the Trustee (in accordance with Section 6.01(c)). Upon any such waiver, the default covered thereby shall be deemed to be cured for all purposes of this Indenture and the Company, the Trustee and the holders of the Securities of such series shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder, respectively; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon.

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Section 6.07        Undertaking to Pay Costs.
 
All parties to this Indenture agree, and each holder of any Securities by such holder’s acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Securityholder, or group of Securityholders, holding more than 10% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, or to any suit instituted by any Securityholder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security of such series, on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Security or established pursuant to this Indenture.
 
ARTICLE 7

CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE

Section 7.01        Certain Duties and Responsibilities of Trustee.
 
(a)         The Trustee, prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series and after the curing of all Events of Default with respect to the Securities of that series that may have occurred, shall undertake to perform with respect to the Securities of such series such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee. In case an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series has occurred (that has not been cured or waived), the Trustee shall exercise with respect to Securities of that series such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs.
 
(b)         No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

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(i)          prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series and after the curing or waiving of all such Events of Default with respect to that series that may have occurred:
 
(A)         the duties and obligations of the Trustee shall with respect to the Securities of such series be determined solely by the express provisions of this Indenture, and the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to the Securities of such series except for the performance of such duties and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and
 
(B)         in the absence of bad faith on the part of the Trustee, the Trustee may with respect to the Securities of such series conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon any certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions that by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture;
 
(ii)         the Trustee shall not be liable to any Securityholder or to any other Person for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer or Responsible Officers of the Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;
 
(iii)        the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of that series;
 
(iv)        none of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur personal financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers if there is reasonable ground for believing that the repayment of such funds or liability is not reasonably assured to it under the terms of this Indenture or adequate indemnity against such risk is not reasonably assured to it;
 
(v)         The Trustee shall not be required to give any bond or surety in respect of the performance of its powers or duties hereunder;
 
(vi)        The permissive right of the Trustee to do things enumerated in this Indenture shall not be construed as a duty of the Trustee; and
 
(vii)       No Trustee shall have any duty or responsibility for any act or omission of any other Trustee appointed with respect to a series of Securities hereunder.

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Section 7.02        Certain Rights of Trustee.

Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.01:

(a)         The Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond, security or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;
 
(b)         Any request, direction, order or demand of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution or an instrument signed in the name of the Company by any authorized Officer of the Company (unless other evidence in respect thereof is specifically prescribed herein);
 
(c)         Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel or both. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel. The Trustee may consult with counsel and the opinion or written advice of such counsel or, if requested, any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken or suffered or omitted hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;
 
(d)         The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the Securityholders pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Securityholders shall have offered (and if requested, provided) to the Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses, claims and liabilities that may be incurred therein or thereby;
 
(e)          The Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture;

(f)          The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond, security, or other papers or documents or inquire as to the performance by the Company of one of its covenants under this Indenture, unless requested in writing so to do by the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of the particular series affected thereby (determined as provided in Section 8.04); provided, however, that if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture, the Trustee may require security or indemnity acceptable to the Trustee against such costs, expenses or liabilities as a condition to so proceeding. The reasonable expense of every such examination shall be paid by the Company or, if paid by the Trustee, shall be repaid by the Company upon demand;

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(g)         The Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder;
 
(h)         In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; it being understood that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances;
 
(i)          In no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, punitive, incidental, or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action. The provisions of this Section 7.02(i) shall survive the termination or discharge of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee; and
 
(j)         The Trustee may accept and act upon instructions or directions pursuant to this Indenture sent by unsecured e-mail, facsimile transmission or other similar unsecured electronic methods; provided, however, that such instructions or directions shall be signed by an authorized representative of the party providing such instructions or directions. If the party elects to give the Trustee e-mail or facsimile instructions (or instructions by a similar electronic method) and the Trustee in its discretion elects to act upon such instructions, the Trustee’s understanding of such instructions shall be deemed controlling. The Trustee shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from the Trustee’s reliance upon and compliance with such instructions notwithstanding such instructions conflict or are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction. The party providing electronic instructions agrees to assume all risks arising out of the use of such electronic methods to submit instructions and directions to the Trustee, including without limitation the risk of the Trustee acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk or interception and misuse by third parties. The Trustee may request that the Company deliver an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at such time to furnish the Trustee with Officer’s Certificates, Company Orders and any other matters or directions pursuant to this Indenture;
 
(k)         The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder and under the Securities, and each agent, custodian or other person employed to act under this Indenture; and
 
(l)          The Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any Default or Event of Default (other than an Event of Default constituting the failure to pay the interest on, or the principal of, the Securities if the Trustee also serves as the paying agent for such Securities) until the Trustee shall have received written notification in the manner set forth in this Indenture or a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have obtained actual knowledge.

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Section 7.03        Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance or Securities.
 
(a)         The recitals contained herein and in the Securities shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness of the same. The Trustee shall not be responsible for any statement in any registration statement, prospectus, or any other document in connection with the sale of Securities. The Trustee shall not be responsible for any rating on the Securities or any action or omission of any rating agency.
 
(b)         The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities.

(c)         The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Company of any of the Securities or of the proceeds of such Securities, or for the use or application of any moneys paid over by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture or established pursuant to Section 2.01, or for the use or application of any moneys received by any paying agent other than the Trustee.
 
Section 7.04        May Hold Securities.
 
The Trustee or any paying agent or Security Registrar, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, paying agent or Security Registrar.
 
Section 7.05        Moneys Held in Trust.
 
Subject to the provisions of Section 11.05, all moneys received by the Trustee shall, until used or applied as herein provided, be held in trust for the purposes for which they were received, but need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any moneys received by it hereunder except such as it may agree with the Company to pay thereon.
 
Section 7.06        Compensation and Reimbursement.
 
(a)         The Company shall pay to the Trustee for each of its capacities hereunder from time to time compensation for its services as the Company and the Trustee shall from time to time agree upon in writing. The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by it. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel.

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(b)         The Company shall indemnify each of the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder against any loss, liability or expense (including the cost of defending itself and including the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel) incurred by it except as set forth in Section 7.06(c) in the exercise or performance of its powers, rights or duties under this Indenture as Trustee or Agent. The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. The Company shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have separate counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. This indemnification shall apply to officers, directors, employees, shareholders and agents of the Trustee.
 
(c)          The Company need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability incurred by the Trustee or by any officer, director, employee, shareholder or agent of the Trustee through willful misconduct or negligence, as determined by a final decision of a court of competent jurisdiction.
 
(d)         To ensure the Company’s payment obligations in this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all funds or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal of or interest on particular Securities. When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(4) or (5), the expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for services in connection therewith are to constitute expenses of administration under any bankruptcy law. The provisions of this Section 7.06 shall survive the termination of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.
 
Section 7.07        Reliance on Officer’s Certificate.
 
Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.01, whenever in the administration of the provisions of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it reasonably necessary or desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking or suffering or omitting to take any action hereunder, such matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the Trustee, will be deemed to be conclusively established by an Officer’s Certificate delivered to the Trustee and such certificate, in the absence of negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the Trustee, shall be full warrant to the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it under the provisions of this Indenture upon the faith thereof.
 
Section 7.08        Disqualification; Conflicting Interests.
 
If the Trustee has or shall acquire any “conflicting interest” within the meaning of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee and the Company shall in all respects comply with the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.
 
Section 7.09        Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility.
 
There shall at all times be a Trustee with respect to the Securities issued hereunder which shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or any state or territory thereof or of the District of Columbia, or a corporation or other Person permitted to act as trustee by the Commission, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least fifty million U.S. dollars ($50,000,000), and subject to supervision or examination by federal, state, territorial, or District of Columbia authority.

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If such corporation or other Person publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation or other Person shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. The Company may not, nor may any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company, serve as Trustee. In case at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in Section 7.10.
 
Section 7.10        Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.
 
(a)         The Trustee or any successor hereafter appointed may at any time resign with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company and the Securityholders of such series. Upon receiving such notice of resignation, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor trustee with respect to Securities of such series by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the resigning Trustee and one copy to the successor trustee. If no successor trustee shall have been so appointed and have accepted appointment within 30 days after the sending of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor trustee with respect to Securities of such series, or any Securityholder of that series who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months may on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any such court for the appointment of a successor trustee. Such court may thereupon after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, appoint a successor trustee.
 
(b)         In case at any time any one of the following shall occur:
 
(i)           the Trustee shall fail to comply with the provisions of Section 7.08 after written request therefor by the Company or by any Securityholder who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months; or

(ii)          the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.09 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by any such Securityholder; or
 
(iii)        the Trustee shall become incapable of acting, or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent, or commence a voluntary bankruptcy proceeding, or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or consented to, or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation;

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then, in any such case, the Company may remove the Trustee with respect to all Securities and appoint a successor trustee by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the Trustee so removed and one copy to the successor trustee, or any Securityholder who has been a bona fide holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months may, on behalf of that holder and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor trustee. Such court may thereupon after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, remove the Trustee and appoint a successor trustee.
 
(c)         The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding may at any time remove the Trustee with respect to such series by so notifying the Trustee and the Company and may appoint a successor Trustee for such series with the consent of the Company.
 
(d)         Any resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a successor trustee with respect to the Securities of a series pursuant to any of the provisions of this Section shall become effective upon acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee as provided in Section 7.11.
 
(e)          Any successor trustee appointed pursuant to this Section may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more series or all of such series, and at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series.
 
Section 7.11        Acceptance of Appointment By Successor.
 
(a)         In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor trustee with respect to all Securities, every such successor trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of any amounts due to it pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.06, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor trustee all the rights, powers, and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.

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(b)         In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the retiring Trustee and each successor trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto wherein each successor trustee shall accept such appointment and which (i) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates, (ii) shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (iii) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust, that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee and that no Trustee shall be responsible for any act or failure to act on the part of any other Trustee hereunder; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein, such retiring Trustee shall with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates have no further responsibility for the exercise of rights and powers or for the performance of the duties and obligations vested in the Trustee under this Indenture, and each such successor trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or any successor trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor trustee, to the extent contemplated by such supplemental indenture, the property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor trustee relates.
 
(c)          Upon request of any such successor trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, as the case may be.
 
(d)         No successor trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor trustee shall be qualified and eligible under this Article.
 
(e)         Upon acceptance of appointment by a successor trustee as provided in this Section, the Company shall send notice of the succession of such trustee hereunder to the Securityholders. If the Company fails to send such notice within ten days after acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee, the successor trustee shall cause such notice to be sent at the expense of the Company.
 
Section 7.12        Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business.
 
Any entity into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any entity succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Trustee, including the administration of the trust created by this Indenture, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided that such entity shall be qualified under the provisions of Section 7.08 and eligible under the provisions of Section 7.09, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities.

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Section 7.13        Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company.
 
The Trustee shall comply with Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, excluding any creditor relationship described in Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act to the extent included therein.
 
Section 7.14        Notice of Default.
 
If any Event of Default occurs and is continuing and if such Event of Default is known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall send to each Securityholder in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act notice of the Event of Default within the earlier of 90 days after it occurs and 30 days after it is known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee or written notice of it is received by the Trustee, unless such Event of Default has been cured; provided, however, that, except in the case of a default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the Trustee in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of the Securityholders.
 
ARTICLE 8

CONCERNING THE SECURITYHOLDERS

Section 8.01        Evidence of Action by Securityholders.
 
Whenever in this Indenture it is provided that the holders of a majority or specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series may take any action (including the making of any demand or request, the giving of any notice, consent or waiver or the taking of any other action), the fact that at the time of taking any such action the holders of such majority or specified percentage of that series have joined therein may be evidenced by any instrument or any number of instruments of similar tenor executed by such holders of Securities of that series in person or by agent or proxy appointed in writing.
 
If the Company shall solicit from the Securityholders of any series any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, the Company may, at its option, as evidenced by an Officer’s Certificate, fix in advance a record date for such series for the determination of Securityholders entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action may be given before or after the record date, but only the Securityholders of record at the close of business on the record date shall be deemed to be Securityholders for the purposes of determining whether Securityholders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding Securities of that series have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities of that series shall be computed as of the record date; provided, however, that no such authorization, agreement or consent by such Securityholders on the record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six months after the record date.

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Section 8.02        Proof of Execution by Securityholders.
 
Subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, proof of the execution of any instrument by a Securityholder (such proof will not require notarization) or his or her agent or proxy and proof of the holding by any Person of any of the Securities shall be sufficient if made in the following manner:
 
(a)         The fact and date of the execution by any such Person of any instrument may be proved in any reasonable manner acceptable to the Trustee.
 
(b)         The ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Security Register of such Securities or by a certificate of the Security Registrar thereof.
 
The Trustee may require such additional proof of any matter referred to in this Section as it shall deem necessary.
 
Section 8.03        Who May be Deemed Owners.
 
Prior to the due presentment for registration of transfer of any Security, the Company, the Trustee, any paying agent and any Security Registrar may deem and treat the Person in whose name such Security shall be registered upon the books of the Security Registrar as the absolute owner of such Security (whether or not such Security shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice of ownership or writing thereon made by anyone other than the Security Registrar) for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal of, premium, if any, and (subject to Section 2.03) interest on such Security and for all other purposes; and neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any paying agent nor any Security Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.
 
Section 8.04        Certain Securities Owned by Company Disregarded.
 
In determining whether the holders of the requisite aggregate principal amount of Securities of a particular series have concurred in any direction, consent or waiver under this Indenture, the Securities of that series that are owned by the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of that series or by any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under common control with the Company or any other obligor on the Securities of that series shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding for the purpose of any such determination, except that for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, consent or waiver, only Securities of such series that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. The Securities so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding for the purposes of this Section, if the pledgee shall establish to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not a Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company or any such other obligor. In case of a dispute as to such right, any decision by the Trustee taken upon the advice of counsel shall be full protection to the Trustee.

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Section 8.05        Actions Binding on Future Securityholders.
 
At any time prior to (but not after) the evidencing to the Trustee, as provided in Section 8.01, of the taking of any action by the holders of the majority or percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series specified in this Indenture in connection with such action, any holder of a Security of that series that is shown by the evidence to be included in the Securities the holders of which have consented to such action may, by filing written notice with the Trustee, and upon proof of holding as provided in Section 8.02, revoke such action so far as concerns such Security. Except as aforesaid any such action taken by the holder of any Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such holder and upon all future holders and owners of such Security, and of any Security issued in exchange therefor, on registration of transfer thereof or in place thereof, irrespective of whether or not any notation in regard thereto is made upon such Security. Any action taken by the holders of the majority or percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of a particular series specified in this Indenture in connection with such action shall be conclusively binding upon the Company, the Trustee and the holders of all the Securities of that series.
 
ARTICLE 9

SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

Section 9.01        Supplemental Indentures Without the Consent of Securityholders.
 
In addition to any supplemental indenture otherwise authorized by this Indenture, the Company and the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect), without the consent of the Securityholders, for one or more of the following purposes:
 
(a)         to cure any ambiguity, defect, or inconsistency herein or in the Securities of any series;

(b)         to comply with Article Ten;
 
(c)         to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities;

(d)         to add to the covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions relating to the Company for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series), to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an Event of Default, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company;

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(e)          to add to, delete from, or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication, and delivery of Securities, as herein set forth;
 
(f)          to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder in any material respect;

(g)         to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the Securities of any series as provided in Section 2.01, to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of this Indenture or any series of Securities, or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of Securities;
 
(h)         to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee; or

(i)          to comply with any requirements of the Commission or any successor in connection with the qualification of this Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.
 
The Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Company in the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.
 
Any supplemental indenture authorized by the provisions of this Section may be executed by the Company and the Trustee without the consent of the holders of any of the Securities at the time Outstanding, notwithstanding any of the provisions of Section 9.02.
 
Section 9.02        Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders.
 
With the consent (evidenced as provided in Section 8.01) of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of each series affected by such supplemental indenture or indentures at the time Outstanding, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect) for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner not covered by Section 9.01 the rights of the holders of the Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the holders of each Security then Outstanding and affected thereby, (a) extend the fixed maturity of any Securities of any series, or reduce the principal amount thereof, or reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest thereon, or reduce any premium payable upon the redemption thereof or (b) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any such supplemental indenture.
 
It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Securityholders of any series affected thereby under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof. The Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

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Section 9.03        Effect of Supplemental Indentures.
 
Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of Section 10.01, this Indenture shall, with respect to such series, be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith and the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities under this Indenture of the Trustee, the Company and the holders of Securities of the series affected thereby shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments, and all the terms and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes.
 
Section 9.04        Securities Affected by Supplemental Indentures.
 
Securities of any series affected by a supplemental indenture, authenticated and delivered after the execution of such supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of Section 10.01, may bear a notation in form approved by the Company, provided such form meets the requirements of any securities exchange upon which such series may be listed, as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of that series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, to any modification of this Indenture contained in any such supplemental indenture may be prepared by the Company, authenticated by the Trustee and delivered in exchange for the Securities of that series then Outstanding.
 
Section 9.05        Execution of Supplemental Indentures.
 
Upon the request of the Company, accompanied by its Board Resolutions authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence of the consent of Securityholders required to consent thereto as aforesaid, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of such supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion but shall not be obligated to enter into such supplemental indenture. The Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 7.01, shall receive an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article is authorized or permitted by the terms of this Article and that all conditions precedent to the execution of the supplemental indenture have been complied with; provided, however, that such Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel need not be provided in connection with the execution of a supplemental indenture that establishes the terms of a series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.01 hereof.
 
Promptly after the execution by the Company and the Trustee of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Section, the Company shall (or shall direct the Trustee to) send a notice, setting forth in general terms the substance of such supplemental indenture, to the Securityholders of all series affected thereby .as their names and addresses appear upon the Security Register. Any failure of the Company to send, or cause the sending of, such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture.

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ARTICLE 10

SUCCESSOR ENTITY

Section 10.01      Company May Consolidate, Etc.
 
Nothing contained in this Indenture shall prevent any consolidation or merger of the Company with or into any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company) or successive consolidations or mergers in which the Company or its successor or successors shall be a party or parties, or shall prevent any sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition of the property of the Company or its successor or successors as an entirety, or substantially as an entirety, to any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company or its successor or successors); provided, however, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that, upon any such consolidation or merger (in each case, if the Company is not the survivor of such transaction) or any such sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition (other than a sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition to a Subsidiary of the Company), the due and punctual payment of the principal of (premium, if any) and interest on all of the Securities of all series in accordance with the terms of each series, according to their tenor, and the due and punctual performance and observance of all the covenants and conditions of this Indenture with respect to each series or established with respect to such series pursuant to Section 2.01 to be kept or performed by the Company shall be expressly assumed, by supplemental indenture (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, as then in effect) reasonably satisfactory in form to the Trustee executed and delivered to the Trustee by the entity formed by such consolidation, or into which the Company shall have been merged, or by the entity which shall have acquired such property.
 
Section 10.02      Successor Entity Substituted.
 
(a)         In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition and upon the assumption by the successor entity by supplemental indenture, executed and delivered to the Trustee and satisfactory in form to the Trustee, of the obligations set forth under Section 10.01 on all of the Securities of all series Outstanding, such successor entity shall succeed to and be substituted for the Company with the same effect as if it had been named as the Company herein, and thereupon the predecessor corporation shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.
 
(b)         In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or other disposition, such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.
 
(c)         Nothing contained in this Article shall require any action by the Company in the case of a consolidation or merger of any Person into the Company where the Company is the survivor of such transaction, or the acquisition by the Company, by purchase or otherwise, of all or any part of the property of any other Person (whether or not affiliated with the Company).

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ARTICLE 11

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

Section 11.01      Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.
 
If at any time: (a) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee for cancellation all Securities of a series theretofore authenticated and not delivered to the Trustee for cancellation (other than any Securities that shall have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that shall have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.07 and Securities for whose payment money or Governmental Obligations have theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereupon repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 11.05); or (b) all such Securities of a particular series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation shall have become due and payable, or are by their terms to become due and payable within one year or are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption, and the Company shall deposit or cause to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds the entire amount in moneys or Governmental Obligations or a combination thereof, sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay at maturity or upon redemption all Securities of that series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including principal (and premium, if any) and interest due or to become due to such date of maturity or date fixed for redemption, as the case may be, and if the Company shall also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder with respect to such series by the Company then this Indenture shall thereupon cease to be of further effect with respect to such series except for the provisions of Sections 2.03, 2.05, 2.07, 4.01, 4.02, 4.03, 7.10, 11.05 and 13.04, that shall survive until the date of maturity or redemption date, as the case may be, and Sections 7.06 and 11.05, that shall survive to such date and thereafter, and the Trustee, on demand of the Company and at the cost and expense of the Company shall execute such instruments reasonably requested by the Company acknowledging satisfaction of and discharging this Indenture with respect to such series.
 
Section 11.02      Discharge of Obligations.
 
If at any time all such Securities of a particular series not heretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation or that have not become due and payable as described in Section 11.01 shall have been paid by the Company by depositing irrevocably with the Trustee as trust funds moneys or an amount of Governmental Obligations sufficient to pay at maturity or upon redemption all such Securities of that series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including principal (and premium, if any) and interest due or to become due to such date of maturity or date fixed for redemption, as the case may be, and if the Company shall also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company with respect to such series, then after the date such moneys or Governmental Obligations, as the case may be, are deposited with the Trustee the obligations of the Company under this Indenture with respect to such series shall cease to be of further effect except for the provisions of Sections 2.03, 2.05, 2.07, 4,01, 4.02, 4,03, 7.06, 7.10, 11.05 and 13.04 hereof that shall survive until such Securities shall mature and be paid.

43

Thereafter, Sections 7.06 and 11.05 shall survive.
 
Section 11.03      Deposited Moneys to be Held in Trust.
 
All moneys or Governmental Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Sections 11.01 or 11.02 shall be held in trust and shall be available for payment as due, either directly or through any paying agent (including the Company acting as its own paying agent), to the holders of the particular series of Securities for the payment or redemption of which such moneys or Governmental Obligations have been deposited with the Trustee.
 
Section 11.04      Payment of Moneys Held by Paying Agents.
 
In connection with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture all moneys or Governmental Obligations then held by any paying agent under the provisions of this Indenture shall, upon demand of the Company, be paid to the Trustee and thereupon such paying agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys or Governmental Obligations.
 
Section 11.05      Repayment to Company.
 
Any moneys or Governmental Obligations deposited with any paying agent or the Trustee, or then held by the Company, in trust for payment of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Securities of a particular series that are not applied but remain unclaimed by the holders of such Securities for at least two years after the date upon which the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on such Securities shall have respectively become due and payable, or such other shorter period set forth in applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property law, shall be repaid to the Company on May 31 of each year or upon the Company’s request or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and thereupon the paying agent and the Trustee shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys or Governmental Obligations, and the holder of any of the Securities entitled to receive such payment shall thereafter, as a general creditor, look only to the Company for the payment thereof.

44

ARTICLE 12
 
IMMUNITY OF INCORPORATORS, STOCKHOLDERS, OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
 
Section 12.01      No Recourse.
 
No recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of this Indenture, or of any Security, or for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof, shall be had against any incorporator, stockholder, officer or director, past, present or future as such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, either directly or through the Company or any such predecessor or successor corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise; it being expressly understood that this Indenture and the obligations issued hereunder are solely corporate obligations, and that no such personal liability whatever shall attach to, or is or shall be incurred by, the incorporators, stockholders, officers or directors as such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, or any of them, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities or implied therefrom; and that any and all such personal liability of every name and nature, either at common law or in equity or by constitution or statute, of, and any and all such rights and claims against, every such incorporator, stockholder, officer or director as such, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities or implied therefrom, are hereby expressly waived and released as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Indenture and the issuance of such Securities.
 
ARTICLE 13

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 13.01      Effect on Successors and Assigns.
 
All the covenants, stipulations, promises and agreements in this Indenture made by or on behalf of the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.
 
Section 13.02      Actions by Successor.
 
Any act or proceeding by any provision of this Indenture authorized or required to be done or performed by any board, committee or officer of the Company shall and may be done and performed with like force and effect by the corresponding board, committee or officer of any corporation that shall at the time be the lawful successor of the Company.
 
Section 13.03      Surrender of Company Powers.
 
The Company by instrument in writing executed by authority of its Board of Directors and delivered to the Trustee may surrender any of the powers reserved to the Company, and thereupon such power so surrendered shall terminate both as to the Company and as to any successor corporation.
 
Section 13.04      Notices.
 
Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, any notice, request or demand that by any provision of this Indenture is required or permitted to be given, made or served by the Trustee, the Security Registrar, any paying or other agent under this Indenture or by the holders of Securities or by any other Person pursuant to this Indenture to or on the Company may be given or served by being deposited in first class mail, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is   filed   in   writing   by   the   Company   with   the   Trustee),   as follows:                                                                                                     . Any notice, election, request or demand by the Company or any Securityholder or by any other Person pursuant to this Indenture to or upon the Trustee shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or made, for all purposes, if given or made in writing at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.

45

Section 13.05      Governing Law; Jury Trial Waiver.
 
This Indenture and each Security shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act is applicable.
 
EACH PARTY HERETO, AND EACH HOLDER OF A SECURITY BY ACCEPTANCE THEREOF, HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS INDENTURE.
 
Section 13.06      Treatment of Securities as Debt.
 
It is intended that the Securities will be treated as indebtedness and not as equity for federal income tax purposes. The provisions of this Indenture shall be interpreted to further this intention.
 
Section 13.07      Certificates and Opinions as to Conditions Precedent.
 
(a)        Upon any application or demand by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any of the provisions of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture (other than the certificate to be delivered pursuant to Section 13.12) relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or demand as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or demand, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.
 
(b)         Each certificate or opinion provided for in this Indenture and delivered to the Trustee with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant in this Indenture (other than the certificate to be delivered pursuant to Section 13.12 of this Indenture or Section 314(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act) shall include (i) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition; (ii) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; (iii) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and (iv) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

46

Section 13.08      Payments on Business Days.
 
Except as provided pursuant to Section 2.01 pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental to this Indenture, in any case where the date of maturity of interest or principal of any Security or the date of redemption of any Security shall not be a Business Day, then payment of interest or principal (and premium, if any) may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the nominal date of maturity or redemption, and no interest shall accrue for the period after such nominal date.
 
Section 13.09     Conflict with Trust Indenture Act.
 
If and to the extent that any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by Section 318(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, such imposed duties shall control.
 
Section 13.10      Counterparts.
 
This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. The exchange of copies of this Indenture and of signature pages by facsimile or PDF transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery of this Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Indenture for all purposes. Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile or PDF shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes.
 
Section 13.11      Separability.
 
In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Indenture or in the Securities of any series shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Indenture or of such Securities, but this Indenture and such Securities shall be construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein or therein.
 
Section 13.12      Compliance Certificates.
 
The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year during which any Securities of any series were outstanding, an Officer’s Certificate stating whether or not the signers know of any Event of Default that occurred during such fiscal year. Such certificate shall contain a certification from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer of the Company that a review has been conducted of the activities of the Company and the Company’s performance under this Indenture and that the Company has complied with all conditions and covenants under this Indenture. For purposes of this Section 13.12, such compliance shall be determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided under this Indenture. If the officer of the Company signing such certificate has knowledge of such an Event of Default, the certificate shall describe any such Event of Default and its status.

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Section 13.13     U.S.A Patriot Act.
 
The parties hereto acknowledge that in accordance with Section 326 of the U.S.A. Patriot Act, the Trustee, like all financial institutions and in order to help fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering, is required to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies each person or legal entity that establishes a relationship or opens an account with the Trustee. The parties to this Indenture agree that they will provide the Trustee with such information as it may request in order for the Trustee to satisfy the requirements of the U.S.A. Patriot Act.
 
Section 13.14      Force Majeure.
 
In no event shall the Trustee, the Security Registrar, any paying agent or any other agent under this Indenture be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions or utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; it being understood that the Trustee, the Security Registrar, any paying agent or any other agent under this Indenture shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances.
 
Section 13.15      Table of Contents; Headings.
 
The table of contents and headings of the articles and sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not intended to be considered a part hereof, and will not modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

48

In Witness Whereof, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed all as of the day and year first above written.
 

Bitdeer Technologies Group




By:
/s/ Jihan Wu

Name: Jihan Wu

Title: Chief Executive Officer




U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee




By: 
/s/ Bradley E. Scarbrough

Name:
Bradley E. Scarbrough

Title:
Vice President

[Signature Page to Base Indenture]

49

CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE (1)

Section of Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as Amended
 
Section of Indenture
310(a)
 
7.09
310(b)
 
7.08

 
7.10
310(c)
 
Inapplicable
311(a)
 
7.13
311(b)
 
7.13
311(c)
 
Inapplicable
312(a)
 
5.01

 
5.02(a)
312(b)
 
5.02(c)
312(c)
 
5.02(c)
313(a)
 
5.04(a)
313(b)
 
5.04(b)
313(c)
 
5.04(a)

 
5.04(b)
313(d)
 
5.04(c)
314(a)
 
5.03

 
13.12
314(b)
 
Inapplicable
314(c)
 
13.07(a)
314(d)
 
Inapplicable
314(e)
 
13.07(b)
314(f)
 
Inapplicable
315(a)
 
7.01(a)

 
7.01(b)
315(b)
 
7.14
315(c)
 
7.01
315(d)
 
7.01(b)
315(e)
 
6.07
316(a)
 
6.06
8.04
 
316(b)

 
6.04
316(c)
 
8.01
317(a)
 
6.02
317(b)
 
4.03
318(a)
 
13.09
 

(1)
This Cross-Reference Table does not constitute part of the Indenture and shall not have any bearing on the interpretation of any of its terms or provisions.


50


Exhibit 4.2

Execution Version



BITDEER TECHNOLOGIES GROUP
 
AND
 
U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
 
as Trustee
 
FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE
 
Dated as of August 20, 2024
 
to INDENTURE
 
Dated as of August 20, 2024
 
8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029


TABLE OF CONTENTS

   
Page
     
ARTICLE 1 Definitions
 
2
 
Section 1.01
Definitions
2
 
Section 1.02
References to Interest
14
ARTICLE 2 Issue, Description, Execution, Registration and Exchange of Notes
14
 
Section 2.01
Scope of Supplemental Indenture
14
 
Section 2.02
Designation and Amount
15
 
Section 2.03
Form of Notes
15
 
Section 2.04
Date and Denomination of Notes; Payments of Interest and Defaulted Amounts
16
 
Section 2.05
Exchange and Registration of Transfer of Notes; Depositary
17
 
Section 2.06
Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes
20
 
Section 2.07
Cancellation of Notes Paid, Converted, Etc.
20
 
Section 2.08
Additional Notes; Repurchases
21
 
Section 2.09
CUSIP Numbers.
22
ARTICLE 3 Satisfaction and Discharge
22
 
Section 3.01
Applicability of Article 11 of the Base Indenture
22
 
Section 3.02
Satisfaction and Discharge
22
 
Section 3.03
Repayment to Company
23
ARTICLE 4 Particular Covenants of the Company
23
 
Section 4.01
Payment of Principal and Interest
23
 
Section 4.02
Conversion Agent
23
 
Section 4.03
Appointments to Fill Vacancies in Trustee’s Office
24
 
Section 4.04
Compliance Certificate; Statements as to Defaults
24
 
Section 4.05
Reports
24
 
Section 4.06
Stay, Extension and Usury Laws
25
 
Section 4.07
Further Instruments and Acts
25
 
Section 4.08
Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders
25
 
Section 4.09
Existence
25
 
Section 4.10
Additional Amounts.
25
ARTICLE 5 Defaults and Remedies
28
 
Section 5.01
Applicability of Article 6 of the Base Indenture
28
 
Section 5.02
Events of Default
28
 
Section 5.03
Acceleration; Rescission and Annulment
30
 
Section 5.04
Additional Interest
31
 
Section 5.05
Payments of Notes on Default; Suit Therefor
32
 
Section 5.06
Application of Monies Collected by Trustee
33
 
Section 5.07
Proceedings by Holders
34
 
Section 5.08
Proceedings by Trustee
35
 
Section 5.09
Remedies Cumulative and Continuing
35
 
Section 5.10
Direction of Proceedings and Waiver of Defaults by Majority of Holders
36

-i-

TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)

 
Section 5.11
Notice of Defaults
36
 
Section 5.12
Undertaking to Pay Costs
37
ARTICLE 6 Intentionally Omitted.
37
ARTICLE 7 Holders’ Meetings
37
 
Section 7.01
Purpose of Meetings
37
 
Section 7.02
Call of Meetings by Trustee
37
 
Section 7.03
Call of Meetings by Company or Holders
38
 
Section 7.04
Qualifications for Voting
38
 
Section 7.05
Regulations
38
 
Section 7.06
Voting
39
 
Section 7.07
No Delay of Rights by Meeting
39
ARTICLE 8 Supplemental Indentures
39
 
Section 8.01
Applicability of Article 9 of the Base Indenture
39
 
Section 8.02
Amendments or Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders
39
 
Section 8.03
Amendments or Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders
41
 
Section 8.04
Effect of Supplemental Indentures
42
 
Section 8.05
Notation on Notes
42
 
Section 8.06
Evidence of Compliance of Supplemental Indenture to Be Furnished to Trustee
42
ARTICLE 9 Conversion of Notes
43
 
Section 9.01
Conversion Privilege.
43
 
Section 9.02
Conversion Procedure; Settlement Upon Conversion.
44
 
Section 9.03
Adjustment to Class A Ordinary Shares Delivered Upon Conversion Upon a Make-Whole Fundamental Change.
50
 
Section 9.04
Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion in Connection with an Optional Redemption, a Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption
52
 
Section 9.05
Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment
54
 
Section 9.06
Adjustment of Conversion Rate
54
 
Section 9.07
Adjustments of Prices
64
 
Section 9.08
Shares To Be Fully Paid
64
 
Section 9.09
Effect of Recapitalizations, Reclassifications and Changes of the Class A Ordinary Shares.
65
 
Section 9.10
Certain Covenants.
66
 
Section 9.11
Responsibility of Trustee
67
 
Section 9.12
Notice to Holders Prior to Certain Actions
68
 
Section 9.13
Shareholder Rights Plans
68
 
Section 9.14
Exchange in Lieu of Conversion.
69
ARTICLE 10 Repurchase of Notes at Option of Holders
69
 
Section 10.01
Repurchase at Option of Holders Upon a Fundamental Change.
69

-ii-

TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)

 
Section 10.02
Withdrawal of Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice
73
 
Section 10.03
Deposit of Fundamental Change Repurchase Price
73
 
Section 10.04
Covenant to Comply with Applicable Laws Upon Repurchase of Notes
74
ARTICLE 11 Optional Redemption, Cleanup Redemption and Tax Redemption
74
 
Section 11.01
Applicability of Article 3 of the Base Indenture
74
 
Section 11.02
Optional Redemption.
75
 
Section 11.03
Cleanup Redemption.
77
 
Section 11.04
Tax Redemption.
78
 
Section 11.05
Payment of Notes Called for Redemption.
81
 
Section 11.06
Restrictions on Redemption
82
ARTICLE 12 Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets
82
 
Section 12.01
Applicability of Article 5 of the Base Indenture
82
 
Section 12.02
When Company May Merge, Etc
82
 
Section 12.03
Successor Corporation to Be Substituted
83
 
Section 12.04
Officer’s Certificate and Opinion of Counsel to Be Given to Trustee
83
ARTICLE 13 Miscellaneous Provisions
84
 
Section 13.01
Governing Law; Jurisdiction
84
 
Section 13.02
Waiver of Jury Trial
84
 
Section 13.03
Legal Holidays
84
 
Section 13.04
No Security Interest Created
85
 
Section 13.05
Benefits of Indenture
85
 
Section 13.06
Table of Contents, Headings, Etc
85
 
Section 13.07
Severability
85
 
Section 13.08
Multiple Originals
85
 
Section 13.09
Calculations
86
 
Section 13.10
Ratification of Base Indenture
86
 
Section 13.11
Acknowledgement of Senior Notes
86
 
Section 13.12
Delivery of Notices
86
 
EXHIBIT
 
Exhibit A
Form of Note
A-1

-iii-

THIS FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE dated as of August 20, 2024 (this “Supplemental Indenture”) between Bitdeer Technologies Group, an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands, as issuer (the “Company”, as more fully set forth in Section 1.01) and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, a national banking association, as trustee (the “Trustee”, as more fully set forth in Section 1.01), supplementing the Indenture, dated as of August 20, 2024, between the Company and the Trustee (the “Base Indenture” and the Base Indenture, as amended and supplemented by this Supplemental Indenture, and as it may be further amended or supplemented from time to time with respect to the Notes, the “Indenture”).
 
W I T N E S S E T H:
 
WHEREAS, the Company executed and delivered the Base Indenture to the Trustee to provide, among other things, for the issuance, from time to time, of the Company’s Securities, in an unlimited amount in one or more series to be established by the Company under, and authenticated and delivered as provided in, the Base Indenture;
 
WHEREAS, Sections 2.01, 2.02 and 9.01(g) of the Base Indenture provide that the Company, from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental to the Base Indenture, without the consent of any Securityholders, to, among other things, establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as permitted by the Base Indenture, and to provide for the issuance of such Securities, as permitted by the Base Indenture, and to set forth the terms thereof;
 
WHEREAS, for its lawful corporate purposes, the Company has duly authorized the issuance of a single series of Securities designated as its 8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (the “Notes” and each $1,000 principal amount thereof, unless the context otherwise requires, a “Note”), initially in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $172,500,000, and in order to provide the terms and conditions upon which the Notes are to be authenticated, issued and delivered, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Supplemental Indenture;
 
WHEREAS, the Form of Note, the certificate of authentication to be borne by each Note, the Form of Notice of Conversion, the Form of Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice and the Form of Assignment and Transfer to be borne by the Notes are to be substantially in the forms hereinafter provided;
 
WHEREAS, the Company confirms that the conditions set forth in the Base Indenture for the execution and delivery of this Supplemental Indenture have been complied with; and
 
WHEREAS, all acts and things necessary to make the Notes, when executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee or a duly authorized Authenticating Agent, as in this Supplemental Indenture provided, the valid, binding and legal obligations of the Company, and this Supplemental Indenture a valid agreement according to its terms, have been done and performed, and the execution of this Supplemental Indenture and the issuance hereunder of the Notes have in all respects been duly authorized.
 
NOW, THEREFORE, THIS SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE WITNESSETH:
 

That in order to declare the terms and conditions upon which the Notes are, and are to be, authenticated, issued and delivered, and in consideration of the premises and of the purchase and acceptance of the Notes by the Holders thereof, the Company covenants and agrees with the Trustee for the equal and proportionate benefit of the respective Holders from time to time of the Notes (except as otherwise provided below), as follows:
 
ARTICLE 1
Definitions
 
Section 1.01        Definitions.  For all purposes of the Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:
 
(a)          the terms defined in this Article 1 shall have the respective meanings assigned to them in this Article 1 and include the plural as well as the singular and, to the extent applicable, supersede the definitions thereof in the Base Indenture;
 
(b)          all words, terms and phrases defined in the Base Indenture (but not otherwise defined herein) shall have the same meanings as in the Base Indenture;
 
(c)          the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import (i) when used with regard to any specified Article, Section or sub-division, refer to such Article, Section or sub-division of this Supplemental Indenture and (ii) otherwise, refer to the Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; and
 
(d)          All references in this Indenture and/or the Notes to dollars are to U.S. dollars.
 
1% exception” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 9.06(f).
 
Additional Amounts” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.10(a).
 
Additional Class A Ordinary Shares” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.03(a).
 
Additional Interest” means all amounts, if any, payable pursuant to Section 5.04.
 
Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person.  For the purposes of this definition, “control,” when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the determination of whether one Person is an “Affiliate” of another Person for purposes of the Indenture shall be made based on the facts at the time such determination is made or required to be made, as the case may be, hereunder.
 
2

Applicable Procedures” means, with respect to a Depositary, as to any matter at any time, the policies and procedures of such Depositary, if any, that are applicable to such matter at such time.
 
Base Indenture” has the meaning specified in the first paragraph of this Supplemental Indenture.
 
Business Combination Event” shall have the meaning specified in Section 12.02.
 
Business Day” means, with respect to any Note, each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday that is not a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York, Singapore, the Cayman Islands or, in the case of a payment under the Supplemental Indenture, place of payment are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close or be closed.
 
Capital Shares” means, for any entity, any and all shares, interests, rights to purchase, warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated) shares issued by that entity, but shall not include any debt securities convertible into or exchangeable for any securities otherwise constituting Capital Shares pursuant to this definition.
 
Cash Settlement” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.02(a).
 
Change in Tax Law” shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.04(a).
 
Class A Ordinary Shares” means the Class A ordinary shares of the Company, par value $0.0000001 per share.
 
Class V Ordinary Shares” means the Class V ordinary shares of the Company, par value $0.0000001 per share.
 
Clause A Distribution” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.06(c).
 
Clause B Distribution” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.06(c).
 
Clause C Distribution” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.06(c).
 
Cleanup Redemption” shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.03(a).
 
“Cleanup Redemption Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.03(b).
 
“Cleanup Redemption Notice” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.03(b).
 
close of business” means 5:00 p.m. (New York City time).
 
Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
 
Combination Settlement” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.02(a).
 
Common Equity” of any Person means Capital Shares of such Person that is generally entitled (a) to vote in the election of directors of such Person or (b) if such Person is not a corporation, to vote or otherwise participate in the selection of the governing body, partners, managers or others that will control the management or policies of such Person.
 
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Company” shall have the meaning specified in the first paragraph of this Supplemental Indenture, and subject to the provisions of Article 12 hereof, shall include its successors and assigns.
 
Company Order” means a written order of the Company, signed by one of its Officers, and delivered to the Trustee.
 
Conversion Agent” shall have the meaning specified in Section 4.02.
 
Conversion Date” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.02(c).
 
Conversion Obligation” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.01(a).
 
Conversion Price” means as of any time, $1,000, divided by the Conversion Rate as of such time.
 
Conversion Rate” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.01(a).
 
Daily Conversion Value” means, for each of the forty (40) consecutive Trading Days during the Observation Period, 2.5% of the product of (a) the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the close of business on such Trading Day and (b) the Daily VWAP for such Trading Day.
 
Daily Measurement Value” means the Specified Dollar Amount (if any), divided by 40.
 
Daily Settlement Amount,” for each of the forty (40) consecutive Trading Days during the Observation Period, shall consist of:
 
(a)         cash equal to the lesser of (i) the Daily Measurement Value and (ii) the Daily Conversion Value; and
 
(b)         if the Daily Conversion Value exceeds the Daily Measurement Value, a number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to (i) the difference between such Daily Conversion Value and the Daily Measurement Value, divided by (ii) the Daily VWAP for such Trading Day.
 
Daily VWAP” means, for each of the forty (40) consecutive Trading Days during the relevant Observation Period, the per share volume-weighted average price as displayed under the heading “Bloomberg VWAP” on Bloomberg page “BTDR <equity> AQR” (or its equivalent successor if such page is not available) in respect of the period from the scheduled open of trading until the scheduled close of trading of the primary trading session on such Trading Day (or if such volume-weighted average price is unavailable, the market value of one Class A Ordinary Share on such Trading Day determined, using a volume-weighted average method, by a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained for this purpose by the Company).  The “Daily VWAP” shall be determined without regard to after-hours trading or any other trading outside of the regular trading session trading hours.
 
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Default” means any event that is, or after notice or passage of time, or both, would be, an Event of Default.
 
Default Settlement Method” means, initially, Physical Settlement.
 
Defaulted Amounts” means any amounts on any Note (including, without limitation, the Redemption Price, the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, principal and interest) that are payable but are not punctually paid or duly provided for.
 
Depositary” means, solely for purposes of this Supplemental Indenture and with respect to each Global Note, the Person specified in Section 2.05(d) as the Depositary with respect to such Notes, until a successor shall have been appointed and become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Indenture, and thereafter, “Depositary” shall mean or include such successor.
 
Distributed Property” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.06(c).
 
Distribution Conversion Period” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.01(b).
 
DTC” means The Depository Trust Company.
 
Effective Date” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.03(b), except that, as used in Section 9.06 and Section 9.07, “Effective Date” means the first date on which Class A Ordinary Shares trade on the applicable exchange or in the applicable market, regular way, reflecting the relevant share split or share combination, as applicable (and for the avoidance of doubt, any alternative trading convention on the applicable exchange or market in respect of Class A Ordinary Shares under a separate ticker symbol or CUSIP number will not be considered “regular way” for this purpose).
 
Event of Default” shall have the meaning specified in Section 5.02, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Base Indenture.
 
Ex-Dividend Date” means the first date on which the Class A Ordinary Shares trade on the applicable exchange or in the applicable market, regular way, without the right to receive the issuance, dividend or distribution in question, from the Company or, if applicable, from the seller of Class A Ordinary Shares on such exchange or market (in the form of due bills or otherwise) as determined by such exchange or market. For the avoidance of doubt, any alternative trading convention on the applicable exchange or market in respect of the Class A Ordinary Shares under a separate ticker symbol or CUSIP number will not be considered “regular way” for this purpose.
 
Exchange Election” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.14(a).
 
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Exempted Fundamental Change” means any Fundamental Change with respect to which, in accordance with the provisions described above, the Company does not offer to repurchase any Notes.
 
Expiration Date” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.06(e).
 
Form of Assignment and Transfer” means the “Form of Assignment and Transfer” attached as Attachment 3 to the Form of Note attached hereto as Exhibit A.
 
Form of Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice” means the “Form of Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice” attached as Attachment 2 to the Form of Note attached hereto as Exhibit A.
 
Form of Note” means the “Form of Note” attached hereto as Exhibit A.
 
Form of Notice of Conversion” means the “Form of Notice of Conversion” attached as Attachment 1 to the Form of Note attached hereto as Exhibit A.
 
A “Fundamental Change” shall be deemed to have occurred at the time after the Notes are originally issued if any of the following occurs:
 
(a)         except as described in clause (b) below, (i) a “person” or “group” within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, other than the Company and its Wholly Owned Subsidiaries, the employee benefit plans of the Company and its Wholly Owned Subsidiaries, and any Permitted Holder, files a Schedule TO or any schedule, form or report under the Exchange Act that discloses that such person or group has become, the direct or indirect “beneficial owner,” as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, of the Company’s ordinary share capital representing more than 50% of the voting power of the Company’s ordinary share capital, or (ii) or the Permitted Holders, individually or in the aggregate, file a Schedule TO or any schedule, form or report under the Exchange Act disclosing that such person or group has become the direct or indirect “beneficial owner,” as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, of more than 50% of the then outstanding Class A Ordinary Shares; provided, however, that for purposes of clause (ii), in calculating the beneficial ownership percentage of Class A Ordinary Shares held by any Permitted Holder, any Class A Ordinary Shares (1) beneficially owned directly or indirectly by any Permitted Holder on the date hereof (including any Class A Ordinary Shares issued or issuable under employee benefit plans or upon conversion of the Class V Ordinary Shares) shall be excluded from both the numerator and denominator, and (2) deemed to be beneficially owned directly or indirectly by any Permitted Holder at any time solely because of voting proxy or agreements shall be excluded from the numerator; provided, further, that for purposes of both clause (i) and clause (ii), no “person” or “group” shall be deemed to be the beneficial owner of any securities tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by or on behalf of such “person” or “group” until such tendered securities are accepted for purchase or exchange under such offer or if such beneficial ownership arises solely as a result of a revocable proxy delivered in response to a public proxy or consent solicitation made pursuant to the applicable rules and regulations under the Exchange Act and is not also then reportable on Schedule 13D or Schedule 13G (or any successor schedule) under the Exchange Act regardless of whether such a filing has actually been made;
 
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(b)         the consummation of (i) any recapitalization, reclassification or change of the Class A Ordinary Shares (other than a change to par value, or from par value to no par value, or changes resulting from a subdivision or combination) as a result of which the Class A Ordinary Shares would be converted into, or exchanged for, stock, other securities, other property or assets; (ii) any share exchange, consolidation or merger of the Company, or any similar transaction, pursuant to which the Class A Ordinary Shares will be converted into cash, securities or other property or assets; or (iii) any sale, lease or other transfer in one transaction or a series of transactions of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to any Person other than one or more of the Company’s direct or indirect Wholly Owned Subsidiaries; provided, however, that a transaction described in clauses (i) or (ii) in which the holders of all classes of the Company’s ordinary share capital immediately prior to such transaction own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of all classes of Common Equity of the continuing or surviving corporation or transferee or the parent thereof immediately after such transaction in substantially the same proportions (relative to each other) as such ownership immediately prior to such transaction shall not be a Fundamental Change pursuant to this clause (ii);
 
(c)          the shareholders of the Company approve any plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Company; or
 
(d)          the Class A Ordinary Shares (or other Common Equity in respect of Reference Property) cease to be listed or quoted on any of The New York Stock Exchange, The Nasdaq Global Select Market, The Nasdaq Global Market or The Nasdaq Capital Market (or any of their respective successors) and none of the Class A Ordinary Shares (or other Common Equity in respect of Reference Property) is listed or quoted on one of The New York Stock Exchange, The Nasdaq Global Select Market, The Nasdaq Global Market or The Nasdaq Capital Market (or any of their respective successors) within one trading day of such cessation;
 
provided, however, that a transaction or transactions described in clause (i) or clause (ii) above shall not constitute a Fundamental Change if at least 90% of the consideration received or to be received by the holders of the Class A Ordinary Shares, excluding cash payments for fractional shares and cash payments made in respect of dissenters’ appraisal rights, in connection with such transaction or transactions consists of shares of equity interests that are listed or quoted on any of The New York Stock Exchange, The Nasdaq Global Select Market or The Nasdaq Global Market or The Nasdaq Capital Market (or any of their respective successors) or will be so listed or quoted when issued or exchanged in connection with such transaction or transactions and as a result of such transaction or transactions such consideration, excluding cash payments for fractional shares and cash payments made in respect of dissenters’ appraisal rights becomes Reference Property for the Notes.
 
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Fundamental Change Company Notice” shall have the meaning specified in Section 10.01(c).
 
Fundamental Change Repurchase Date” shall have the meaning specified in Section 10.01(a).
 
Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice” shall have the meaning specified in Section 10.01(b)(i).
 
Fundamental Change Repurchase Price” shall have the meaning specified in Section 10.01(a).
 
The terms “given”, “mailed”, “notify” or “sent” with respect to any notice to be given to a Holder pursuant to this Indenture, shall mean notice (x) given to the Depositary (or its designee) pursuant to the standing instructions from the Depositary or its designee, including by electronic mail in accordance with accepted practices or procedures at the Depositary (in the case of a Global Note) or (y) mailed to such Holder by first class mail, postage prepaid, at its address as it appears on the Note Register (in the case of a Physical Note), in each case, in accordance with Section 13.12. Notice so “given” shall be deemed to include any notice to be “mailed” or “delivered,” as applicable, under this Indenture.
 
Global Note” shall have the meaning specified in Section 2.05(c).
 
Holder,” as applied to any Note, or other similar terms (but excluding the term “beneficial holder”), means any Person in whose name at the time a particular Note is registered on the Note Register.
 
Indenture” has the meaning specified in the first paragraph of this Supplemental Indenture.
 
Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.05.
 
Interest Payment Date” means each February 15 and August 15 of each year, beginning on February 15, 2025.
 
last date of original issuance” means (a) with respect to any Notes issued pursuant to the date hereof, and any Notes issued in exchange therefor or in substitution thereof, the date the Company first issues such Notes; and (b) with respect to any additional Notes issued pursuant to Section 2.08, and any Notes issued in exchange therefor or in substitution thereof, either (i) the later of (x) the date such Notes are originally issued and (y) the last date any Notes are originally issued as part of the same offering pursuant to the exercise of an option granted to the initial purchaser(s) of such Notes to purchase additional Notes; or (ii) such other date as is specified in an Officer’s Certificate delivered to the Trustee before the original issuance of such Notes.
 
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Last Reported Sale Price” of the Class A Ordinary Shares (or other security for which a closing sale price must be determined) on any date means the closing sale price per Class A Ordinary Share (or if no closing sale price is reported, the average of the bid and ask prices or, if more than one in either case, the average of the average bid and the average ask prices) on that date as reported in composite transactions for the principal U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which the Class A Ordinary Shares (or such other security) are traded.  If the Class A Ordinary Shares (or such other security) are not listed for trading on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange on the relevant date, the “Last Reported Sale Price” shall be the last quoted bid price for the Class A Ordinary Shares (or such other security) in the over-the-counter market on the relevant date as reported by OTC Markets Group Inc. or a similar organization.  If the Class A Ordinary Shares (or such other security) are not so quoted, the “Last Reported Sale Price” shall be the average of the mid-point of the last bid and ask prices for the Class A Ordinary Shares (or such other security) on the relevant date from each of at least three nationally recognized independent investment banking firms selected by the Company for this purpose. The “Last Reported Sale Price” shall be determined without regard to after-hours trading or any other trading outside of regular trading session hours.
 
Make-Whole Fundamental Change” means any transaction or event that constitutes a Fundamental Change (determined after giving effect to any exceptions to or exclusions from such definition, but without regard to the proviso in clause (ii) of the definition thereof).
 
Make-Whole Fundamental Change Period” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.03(a).
 
Market Disruption Event” means (a) a failure by the primary U.S. national or regional securities exchange or market on which the Class A Ordinary Shares listed or admitted for trading to open for trading during its regular trading session or (b) the occurrence or existence prior to 1:00 p.m., New York City time, on any Scheduled Trading Day for the Class A Ordinary Shares for more than one half-hour period in the aggregate during regular trading hours of any suspension or limitation imposed on trading (by reason of movements in price exceeding limits permitted by the relevant stock exchange or otherwise) in the Class A Ordinary Shares or in any options contracts or futures contracts relating to the Class A Ordinary Shares.
 
Maturity Date” means August 15, 2029.
 
Note” or “Notes” shall have the meaning specified in the recitals of this Supplemental Indenture.
 
Note Custodian” means the Trustee, as custodian for DTC, with respect to the Global Notes, or any successor entity thereto.
 
Note Register” means the register maintained by the Security Registrar with respect to the Notes in accordance with Section 2.05(b) of the Base Indenture. The Note Register shall be the Security Register with respect to the Notes.
 
Notice of Conversion” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.02(c).
 
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Observation Period” with respect to any Note surrendered for conversion means: (i) subject to clause (ii), if the relevant Conversion Date occurs prior to May 15, 2029, the forty (40) consecutive Trading Day period beginning on, and including, the second Trading Day immediately succeeding such Conversion Date; (ii) with respect to any Notes called for Redemption (or deemed called for Redemption), if the relevant Conversion Date occurs during the related Redemption Period, the forty (40) consecutive Trading Days beginning on, and including, the 41st Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding such Redemption Date; and (iii) subject to clause (ii), if the relevant Conversion Date occurs on or after May 15, 2029, the forty (40) consecutive Trading Days beginning on, and including, the 41st Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date.
 
open of business” means 9:00 a.m. (New York City time).
 
Optional Redemption” shall have the meaning specified in Section 11.02(a).
 
Optional Redemption Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.02(b).
 
Optional Redemption Notice” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.02(b).
 
outstanding” when used with references to Notes, shall, subject to the provisions of Section 8.04 of the Base Indenture, mean, as of any particular time, all Notes authenticated and delivered by the Trustee under this Supplemental Indenture, except:
 
(a)          Notes theretofore canceled by the Trustee or accepted by the Trustee for cancellation;
 
(b)          Notes, or portions thereof, that have become due and payable and in respect of which monies in the necessary amount shall have been deposited in trust with the Trustee or with any paying agent (other than the Company) or shall have been set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own paying agent);
 
(c)          Notes that have been paid pursuant to Section 2.07 or Notes in lieu of which, or in substitution for which, other Notes shall have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the terms of Section 2.07 unless proof satisfactory to the Trustee is presented that any such Notes are held by protected purchasers in due course;
 
(d)          Notes converted pursuant to Article 9 and required to be cancelled pursuant to Section 2.07;
 
(e)          Notes redeemed pursuant to Article 11; and
 
(f)          Notes repurchased by the Company pursuant to Section 2.08.
 
Partial Redemption Limitation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.02(a).
 
paying agent” means the Company or the Person appointed by the Company in accordance with Section 4.02 of the Base Indenture.  The Trustee has been initially appointed as the paying agent.
 
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Permitted Holder” means (i) Jihan Wu and (ii) the “Founder Entities” as defined in the Company’s Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association as of the date of this Supplemental Indenture.
 
Physical Notes” means permanent certificated Notes in registered form issued in minimum denominations of $1,000 principal amount and integral multiples thereof.
 
Physical Settlement” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.02(a).
 
Predecessor Note” of any particular Note means every previous Note evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Note; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Note authenticated and delivered under Section 2.07 of the Base Indenture in lieu of or in exchange for a mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen Note shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen Note that it replaces. A Predecessor Note shall be a Predecessor Security with respect to the Notes.
 
Qualified Successor Entity” means, with respect to a Business Combination Event, a corporation; provided, however, that (i) if such Business Combination Event is an Exempted Fundamental Change, then a limited liability company, limited partnership or other similar entity also will constitute a Qualified Successor Entity with respect to such Business Combination Event; and (ii) a limited liability company or limited partnership that is the resulting, surviving or transferee person of such Business Combination Event also will constitute a Qualified Successor Entity with respect to such Business Combination Event, provided that, in the case of this clause (ii), (1) if such limited liability company or limited partnership is not treated as a corporation or an entity disregarded as separate from a corporation, in each case for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (x) the Company has received an opinion of a nationally recognized tax counsel to the effect that such Business Combination Event will not be treated as an exchange under Section 1001 of the Code for holders or beneficial owners of the Notes and (y) such limited liability company or limited partnership is a direct or indirect, Wholly Owned Subsidiary of a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof, the District of Columbia, the Cayman Islands, the British Virgin Islands, Bermuda, Singapore or Hong Kong and (2) such Business Combination Event constitutes a Share Exchange Event whose Reference Property consists solely of any combination of U.S. dollars and shares of common stock or other corporate Common Equity interests of a corporation described in clause (1)(y).
 
Record Date” means, with respect to any dividend, distribution or other transaction or event in which the holders of the Class A Ordinary Shares (or other applicable security) have the right to receive any cash, securities or other property or in which the Class A Ordinary Shares (or such other security) are exchanged for or converted into any combination of cash, securities or other property, the date fixed for determination of holders of Class A Ordinary Shares (or such other security) entitled to receive such cash, securities or other property (whether such date is fixed by the Board of Directors, statute, contract or otherwise).
 
Redemption” shall mean an Optional Redemption, Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption, as applicable.
 
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Redemption Date” shall mean an Optional Redemption Date, Cleanup Redemption Date or a Tax Redemption Date, as applicable.
 
Redemption Notice” shall mean an Optional Redemption Notice, Cleanup Redemption Notice or a Tax Redemption Notice, as applicable.
 
Redemption Period” shall mean, with respect to an Optional Redemption, Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption, the period from, and including, the applicable Redemption Date until the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding the applicable Redemption Date during which a Holder may convert all or any portion of such Holder’s Notes called (or deemed called) for Optional Redemption, Cleanup Redemption or Tax Redemption.
 
Redemption Price” means, for any Notes to be redeemed pursuant to Article 11, 100% of the principal amount of such Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the Redemption Date (unless the Redemption Date falls after a Regular Record Date but on or prior to the immediately succeeding Interest Payment Date, in which case interest accrued to the Interest Payment Date will be paid on such Interest Payment Date to Holders of record of such Notes as of the close of business on such Regular Record Date, and the Redemption Price will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of such Notes).
 
Redemption Reference Date” means the date on which a Redemption Notice is given pursuant to an Optional Redemption, Cleanup Redemption or Tax Redemption.
 
Redemption Reference Price” the average of the Last Reported Sale Price of the Class A Ordinary Shares over the five (5) consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the Redemption Reference Date.
 
Reference Property” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.09(a).
 
Regular Record Date” and “regular record date” with respect to any Interest Payment Date, means the February 1 and August 1 (whether or not such day is a Business Day) immediately preceding the applicable February 15 and August 15 Interest Payment Date, respectively.
 
Relevant Jurisdiction” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.10(a).
 
Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.10(a).
 
Reporting Obligations” shall have the meaning specified in Section 5.04.
 
Responsible Officer” means an officer within the corporate trust department of the Trustee responsible for the administration of this Supplemental Indenture.
 
Scheduled Trading Day” means a day that is scheduled to be a Trading Day on the principal U.S. national or regional securities exchange or market on which the Class A Ordinary Shares are listed or admitted for trading.  If the Class A Ordinary Shares are not so listed or admitted for trading, “Scheduled Trading Day” means a Business Day.
 
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Settlement Amount” has the meaning specified in Section 9.02(a)(iv).
 
Settlement Method” means, with respect to any conversion of Notes, Physical Settlement, Cash Settlement or Combination Settlement, as elected (or deemed to have been elected) by the Company.
 
Settlement Notice” has the meaning specified in Section 9.02(a)(iii).
 
Share Exchange Event” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.09(a).
 
Share Price” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.03(c).
 
Significant Subsidiary” means a Subsidiary of the Company that meets the definition of “significant subsidiary” in Article 1, Rule 1-02(w)(1) of Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act promulgated by the Commission (or any successor rule), provided, that, if and to the extent paragraph (w)(1)(iii)(A)(2) does not apply to the determination of whether the income test in paragraph (w)(1)(iii) is met, in the case of a Subsidiary that meets the criteria of clause (iii) of the definition thereof but not clause (i) or (ii) thereof, in each case as such rule is in effect on August 15, 2024, such Subsidiary shall not be deemed to be a Significant Subsidiary unless the Subsidiary’s income or loss from continuing operations before income taxes, exclusive of amounts attributable to any non-controlling interests, for the last completed fiscal year prior to the date of such determination exceeds $25,000,000. For the avoidance of doubt, to the extent any such Subsidiary would not be deemed to be a “Significant Subsidiary” under the relevant definition set forth in Article 1, Rule 1-02(w)(1) of Regulation S-X (or any successor rule) as in effect on the relevant date of determination, such Subsidiary shall not be deemed to be a “Significant Subsidiary” under this Supplemental Indenture irrespective of whether such Subsidiary would otherwise be deemed to be a “Significant Subsidiary” after giving effect to the proviso in the immediately preceding sentence.
 
Specified Dollar Amount” means the maximum cash amount per $1,000 principal amount of Notes to be received upon conversion as specified (or deemed specified) in the Settlement Notice related to any converted Notes.
 
Spin-Off” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.06(c).
 
Successor Entity” shall have the meaning specified in Section 12.02(a).
 
Supplemental Indenture” has the meaning specified in the first paragraph of this Supplemental Indenture.
 
Tax Redemption” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.04(a).
 
Tax Redemption Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.04(e).
 
Tax Redemption Notice” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 11.04(e).
 
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Trading Day” means a day on which (i) trading in the Class A Ordinary Shares (or other security for which a closing sale price must be determined) generally occurs on the Nasdaq Capital Market or, if the Class A Ordinary Shares (or such other security) are not then listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, on the principal other U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which the Class A Ordinary Shares (or such other security) are then listed or, if the Class A Ordinary Shares (or such other security) are not then listed on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange, on the principal other market on which the Class A Ordinary Shares (or such other security) are then traded, and (ii) a Last Reported Sale Price for the Class A Ordinary Shares (or closing sale price for such other security) is available on such securities exchange or market; provided, however, that for the purposes of determining amounts are due upon conversion, including with respect to an Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment, only, “Trading Day” means a day on which (i) there is no Market Disruption Event and (ii) trading in the Class A Ordinary Shares generally occurs on the Nasdaq Capital Market or, if the Class A Ordinary Shares are not then listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, on the principal other U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which the Class A Ordinary Shares are then listed or, if the Class A Ordinary Shares are not then listed on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange, on the principal other market on which the Class A Ordinary Shares are then listed or admitted for trading. In either case, if the Class A Ordinary Shares are not so listed or admitted for trading, “Trading Day” means a Business Day.
 
Trigger Event” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.06(c).
 
Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as it was in force at the date of execution of this Supplemental Indenture; provided, however, that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after the date hereof, the term “Trust Indenture Act” shall mean, to the extent required by such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as so amended.
 
unit of Reference Property” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.09(a).
 
Valuation Period” shall have the meaning specified in Section 9.06(c).
 
Wholly Owned Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any Subsidiary of such Person, except that, solely for purposes of this definition, the reference to “more than 50%” in the definition of “Subsidiary” in the Base Indenture shall be deemed replaced by a reference to “100%”.
 
Section 1.02         References to Interest.  Unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to interest on, or in respect of, any Note in the Indenture shall be deemed to include Additional Interest if, in such context, Additional Interest is, was or would be payable pursuant to Section 5.04.  Unless the context otherwise requires, any express mention of Additional Interest in any provision hereof shall not be construed as excluding Additional Interest in those provisions hereof where such express mention is not made.
 
ARTICLE 2
Issue, Description, Execution, Registration and Exchange of Notes
 
Section 2.01        Scope of Supplemental Indenture.  This Supplemental Indenture amends and supplements the provisions of the Base Indenture, to which provisions reference is hereby made.  The changes, modifications and supplements to the Base Indenture effected by this Supplemental Indenture shall be applicable only with respect to, and shall only govern the terms of, the Notes, which may be issued from time to time in accordance herewith, and shall not apply to any other Securities that may be issued under the Base Indenture unless a supplemental indenture with respect to such other Securities specifically incorporates such changes, modifications and supplements.  For all purposes under the Base Indenture, the Notes shall constitute a single series of Securities, and with regard to any matter requiring the consent under the Base Indenture of Holders of multiple series of Securities voting together as a single class, the consent of Holders of the Notes voting as a separate class shall also be required and the same threshold shall apply.  The provisions of this Supplemental Indenture shall supersede, with respect to the Notes, any conflicting provisions in the Base Indenture.  In the case of any conflict between the Indenture and a Note, the provisions of the Indenture shall control and govern to the extent of such conflict.
 
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Section 2.02         Designation and Amount.  The Notes are hereby created and authorized as a single series of Securities under the Base Indenture.  The Notes shall be designated as the “8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029.”  The aggregate principal amount of Notes that may be authenticated and delivered under the Indenture is initially limited to $172,500,000, subject to Section 2.08 and except for Notes authenticated and delivered upon registration or transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of other Notes pursuant to Section 8.05, Section 9.02(d) or Section 10.03(c) hereof or Sections 2.05, 2.06 or 2.07 of the Base Indenture. In the case of any conflict between this Indenture and a Note, the provisions of this Indenture shall control and govern to the extent of such conflict.
 
Section 2.03         Form of Notes.  The Notes and the Trustee’s certificate of authentication to be borne by such Notes shall be substantially in the respective forms set forth in Exhibit A, the terms and provisions of which shall constitute, and are hereby expressly incorporated in and made a part of the Indenture. To the extent applicable, the Company and the Trustee, by their execution and delivery of this Supplemental Indenture, expressly agree to such terms and provisions and to be bound hereby.
 
Any Global Note may be endorsed with or have incorporated in the text thereof such legends or recitals or changes not inconsistent with the provisions of the Indenture as may be required by the Note Custodian or the Depositary, or as may be required to comply with any applicable law or any regulation thereunder or with the rules and regulations of any securities exchange or automated quotation system upon which the Notes may be listed, traded or designated for issuance or to conform with any usage with respect thereto, or to indicate any special limitations or restrictions to which any particular Notes are subject.
 
Any of the Notes may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such notations, legends or endorsements as the Officer executing the same may approve (execution thereof to be conclusive evidence of such approval) and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of the Indenture, or as may be required to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Notes may be listed or designated for issuance, or to conform to usage or to indicate any special limitations or restrictions to which any particular Notes are subject.
 
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Each Global Note shall represent such principal amount of the outstanding Notes as shall be specified therein and shall provide that it shall represent the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes represented thereby may from time to time be increased or reduced to reflect redemptions, repurchases, cancellations, conversions, transfers or exchanges permitted hereby.  Any endorsement of a Global Note to reflect the amount of any increase or decrease in the amount of outstanding Notes represented thereby shall be made by the Trustee or the Note Custodian, at the direction of the Trustee, in such manner and upon instructions given by the Holder of such Notes in accordance with the Indenture.  Payment of principal (including the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, a Global Note shall be made to the Holder of such Note on the date of payment, unless a record date or other means of determining Holders eligible to receive payment is provided for herein.
 
Section 2.04         Date and Denomination of Notes; Payments of Interest and Defaulted Amounts.  b) The Notes shall be issuable in registered form without coupons in minimum denominations of $1,000 principal amount and integral multiples thereof.  Each Note shall be dated the date of its authentication and shall bear interest from the date specified on the face of such Note. Accrued interest on the Notes shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months and, for partial months, on the basis of the number of days actually elapsed in a 30-day month.
 
(a)          The Person in whose name any Note (or its Predecessor Note) is registered on the Note Register at the close of business on any Regular Record Date with respect to any Interest Payment Date shall be entitled to receive the interest payable on such Interest Payment Date.  The principal amount of any Note (x) in the case of any Physical Note, shall be payable at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee and (y) in the case of any Global Note, shall be payable by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account of the Depositary or its nominee.  The Company shall pay, or cause the paying agent to pay (to the extent funded by the Company), interest (i) on any Physical Notes (A) to Holders holding Physical Notes having an aggregate principal amount of $5,000,000 or less, by check mailed (at the Company’s expense) to the Holders of these Notes at their addresses as they appear in the Note Register and (B) to Holders holding Physical Notes having an aggregate principal amount of more than $5,000,000, either by check mailed (at the Company’s expense) to each such Holder or, upon application by such a Holder to the Trustee not later than the relevant Regular Record Date, by wire transfer in immediately available funds to that Holder’s account within the United States if such Holder has provided the Company, the Trustee or the paying agent (if other than the Trustee) with the requisite information necessary to make such wire transfer, which application shall remain in effect until the Holder notifies, in writing, the Trustee to the contrary, or (ii) on any Global Note by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account of the Depositary or its nominee.
 
(b)          Any Defaulted Amounts shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the relevant payment date but shall accrue interest per annum at the rate borne by the Notes, subject to the enforceability thereof under applicable law, from, and including, such relevant payment date, and such Defaulted Amounts together with such interest thereon shall be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in clause (i) or clause (ii) below:
 
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(i)          The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Amounts to the Persons in whose names the Notes (or their respective Predecessor Notes) are registered at the close of business on a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Amounts, which shall be fixed in the following manner.  The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of the Defaulted Amounts proposed to be paid on each Note and the date of the proposed payment (which shall be not less than 25 days after the receipt by the Trustee of such notice, unless the Trustee shall consent to an earlier date), and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Amounts or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit on or prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Amounts as in this clause provided.  Thereupon the Company shall fix a special record date for the payment of such Defaulted Amounts which shall be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment, and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment (unless the Trustee shall consent to an earlier date). The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee of such special record date and the Trustee, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Amounts and the special record date therefor to be delivered to each Holder not less than 10 days prior to such special record date.  Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Amounts and the special record date therefor having been so delivered, such Defaulted Amounts shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Notes (or their respective Predecessor Notes) are registered at the close of business on such special record date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following clause (ii) of this Section 2.04(b).
 
(ii)         The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Amounts in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Notes may be listed or designated for issuance, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange or automated quotation system, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.
 
Section 2.03 of the Base Indenture shall, with respect to the Notes, be superseded in its entirety by this Section 2.04, and any reference in the Base Indenture to such Section 2.03 shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to refer instead to this Section 2.04. The Trustee shall have no responsibility whatsoever for the calculation of the Defaulted Amounts.
 
Section 2.05          Exchange and Registration of Transfer of Notes; Depositary.
 
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(a)          No service charge shall be imposed by the transfer agent or the Security Registrar for any exchange or registration of transfer of Notes, but the Company may require a Holder to pay a sum sufficient to cover any documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer tax required in connection therewith as a result of the name of the Holder of new Notes issued upon such exchange or registration of transfer being different from the name of the Holder of the old Notes surrendered for exchange or registration of transfer.  Section 2.05(c) of the Base Indenture shall, with respect to the Notes, be superseded in its entirety by this Section 2.05(a).
 
(b)          Notwithstanding anything in the Base Indenture to the contrary, none of the Company, the Trustee or the Security Registrar shall be required to exchange or register a transfer of (1) any Notes selected for Redemption in accordance with Article 11, except the unredeemed portion of any Note being redeemed in part, (2) any Notes surrendered for conversion or, if a portion of any Note is surrendered for conversion, such portion thereof surrendered for conversion or (3) any Notes, or a portion of any Note, surrendered for repurchase (and not withdrawn) in accordance with Article 10 upon a Fundamental Change.
 
All Notes issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Notes in accordance with the Indenture shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under the Indenture as the Notes surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange. The first sentence of Section 2.05(d) of the Base Indenture shall, with respect to the Notes, be superseded in its entirety by this Section 2.05(b).
 
(c)          So long as the Notes are eligible for book-entry settlement with the Depositary, unless otherwise required by law, subject to the second paragraph of Section 2.05(d), all Notes shall be represented by one or more Notes in global form (each, a “Global Note”) registered in the name of the Depositary or the nominee of the Depositary.  The transfer and exchange of beneficial interests in a Global Note that does not involve the issuance of a Physical Note shall be effected through the Depositary (but not the Trustee or the Note Custodian) in accordance with the Indenture (including the restrictions on transfer set forth herein) and the Applicable Procedures of the Depositary therefor.
 
(d)          The Depositary shall be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act.  The Company initially appoints DTC to act as Depositary with respect to each Global Note.  Initially, each Global Note shall be issued to the Depositary, registered in the name of Cede & Co., as the nominee of the Depositary, and deposited with the Trustee as custodian for Cede & Co.
 
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If (i) the Depositary notifies the Company at any time that the Depositary is unwilling or unable to continue as depositary for the Global Notes and a successor depositary is not appointed within 90 days, (ii) the Depositary ceases to be registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act and a successor depositary is not appointed within 90 days or (iii) an Event of Default with respect to the Notes has occurred and is continuing and a beneficial owner of any Global Note requests that its beneficial interest therein be issued as a Physical Note, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of an Officer’s Certificate and a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of Notes, shall authenticate and deliver (x) in the case of clause (iii), a Physical Note to such beneficial owner in a principal amount equal to the principal amount of such Note corresponding to such beneficial owner’s beneficial interest and (y) in the case of clause (i) or (ii), Physical Notes to each beneficial owner of the related Global Notes (or a portion thereof) in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of such Global Notes in exchange for such Global Notes, and upon delivery of the Global Notes to the Trustee such Global Notes shall be canceled.
 
Physical Notes issued in exchange for all or a part of the Global Note pursuant to this Section 2.05(d) shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, or, in the case of clause (iii) of the immediately preceding paragraph, the relevant beneficial owner, shall instruct the Trustee.  Upon execution and authentication, the Trustee shall deliver such Physical Notes to the Persons in whose names such Physical Notes are so registered.
 
At such time as all interests in a Global Note have been converted, canceled, repurchased, redeemed or transferred, such Global Note shall be, upon receipt thereof, canceled by the Trustee in accordance with standing procedures and existing instructions between the Depositary and the Note Custodian.  At any time prior to such cancellation, if any interest in a Global Note is exchanged for Physical Notes, converted, canceled, repurchased, redeemed or transferred to a transferee who receives Physical Notes therefor or any Physical Note is exchanged or transferred for part of such Global Note, the principal amount of such Global Note shall, in accordance with the standing procedures and instructions existing between the Depositary and the Note Custodian, be appropriately reduced or increased, as the case may be, and an endorsement shall be made on such Global Note, by the Trustee or the Note Custodian, at the direction of the Trustee, to reflect such reduction or increase.
 
None of the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of a Global Note or maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests. Section 2.11(c) of the Base Indenture shall, with respect to the Notes, be superseded in its entirety by this Section 2.05(d), and any reference in the Base Indenture to such Section 2.11(c) shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to refer instead to this Section 2.05(d).
 
The Trustee shall have no obligation or duty to monitor, determine or inquire as to compliance with any restrictions on transfer imposed under this Supplemental Indenture or under applicable law with respect to any transfer of any interest in any Note (including any transfers between or among Depositary participants or beneficial owners of interests in any Global Note) other than to require delivery of such certificates and other documentation or evidence as are expressly required by, and to do so if and when expressly required by the terms of, this Supplemental Indenture, and to examine the same to determine substantial compliance as to form with the express requirements hereof.
 
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Neither the Company nor the Trustee, paying agent or Conversion Agent shall have any responsibility or liability for any actions taken or not taken by the Depositary.
 
Section 2.06         Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes.  (a) The last sentence of the first paragraph of Section 2.07 of the Base Indenture and the second and third paragraphs of Section 2.07 of the Base Indenture shall, with respect to the Notes, be superseded in their entirety by Section 2.06(b).
 
(a)          No service charge shall be imposed by the Company, the Trustee, the Security Registrar, any co-Security Registrar or the paying agent upon the issuance of any substitute Note, but the Company may require a Holder to pay a sum sufficient to cover any documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer tax required in connection therewith as a result of the name of the Holder of the new substitute Note being different from the name of the Holder of the old Note that became mutilated or was destroyed, lost or stolen.  In case any Note that has matured or is about to mature or has been surrendered for required repurchase or is about to be converted in accordance with Article 9 shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company may, in its sole discretion, instead of issuing a substitute Note, pay or authorize the payment of or convert or authorize the conversion of the same (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated Note), as the case may be, if the applicant for such payment or conversion shall furnish to the Company, to the Trustee and, if applicable, to such Authenticating Agent such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless for any loss, liability, cost or expense caused by or connected with such substitution, and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence satisfactory to the Company, the Trustee and, if applicable, any paying agent or Conversion Agent evidence of their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of such Note and of the ownership thereof.
 
Every substitute Note issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2.06 by virtue of the fact that any Note is destroyed, lost or stolen shall constitute an additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall be found at any time, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of (but shall be subject to all the limitations set forth in) the Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Notes duly issued hereunder.  To the extent permitted by law, all Notes shall be held and owned upon the express condition that the foregoing provisions are exclusive with respect to the replacement, payment, redemption, conversion or repurchase of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes and shall preclude any and all other rights or remedies notwithstanding any law or statute existing or hereafter enacted to the contrary with respect to the replacement, payment, redemption, conversion or repurchase of negotiable instruments or other securities without their surrender.
 
Section 2.07        Cancellation of Notes Paid, Converted, Etc.
 
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(a)          Section 2.08 of the Base Indenture shall, with respect to the Notes, be superseded in its entirety by Section 2.07(b), and any reference in the Base Indenture to such Section 2.08 shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to refer instead to Section 2.07(b).
 
(b)          The Company shall cause all Notes surrendered for the purpose of payment at maturity, repurchase upon a Fundamental Change, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange or conversion, if surrendered to the Company or any of the Company’s agents or Subsidiaries, to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation, and they will no longer be considered “outstanding” under the Indenture upon their payment at maturity, repurchase upon a Fundamental Change, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange or conversion, as the case may be.  All Notes delivered to the Trustee shall, upon receipt of a written request in a Company Order, be canceled promptly by it in accordance with its customary procedures. Except for any Notes surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange, or as otherwise expressly permitted by any of the provisions of the Indenture, no Notes shall be authenticated in exchange for any Notes surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation.  The Trustee shall cancel Notes in accordance with its customary procedures and, after such cancellation, shall deliver evidence of such cancellation to the Company, at the Company’s written request in a Company Order.
 
Section 2.08         Additional Notes; Repurchases.  The Company may, without the consent of, or notice to, the Holders and notwithstanding Section 2.02, reopen the Indenture and issue additional Notes under the Indenture with the same terms as the Notes initially issued hereunder (except for any differences in the issue price, the issue date and interest accrued, if any, and, if applicable, restrictions on transfer in respect of such additional Notes) in an unlimited aggregate principal amount; provided that if any such additional Notes are not fungible with the Notes initially issued hereunder for U.S. federal income tax or securities law purposes, such additional Notes shall have one or more separate CUSIP numbers.  Prior to the issuance of any such additional Notes, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee a Company Order, an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, such Officer’s Certificate and Opinion of Counsel to cover such matters, in addition to those required by Section 13.07 of the Base Indenture, as the Trustee shall reasonably request.  In addition, the Company may, to the extent permitted by law, and directly or indirectly (regardless of whether such Notes are surrendered to the Company), repurchase Notes in the open market or otherwise, whether by the Company or through its Subsidiaries or through a privately negotiated transaction or public tender or exchange offer or through counterparties to private agreements, including by cash-settled swaps or other derivatives, in each case, without the consent of or notice to the Holders.  The Company shall cause any Notes so repurchased (other than Notes repurchased pursuant to cash-settled swaps or other derivatives) to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation in accordance with Section 2.07 and such Notes shall no longer be considered outstanding under the Indenture upon their cancellation. For the avoidance of doubt, any Notes underlying such cash-settled swaps or other derivatives will not be required to be surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation in accordance with Section 2.07 and will continue to be considered outstanding under this Indenture. In determining whether the Holders of the requisite aggregate principal amount of Notes have concurred in any direction, consent, waiver or other action under the Indenture, Notes that are owned by the Company, by any of its Subsidiaries or by any person or entity directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall be disregarded and deemed not to be outstanding for the purpose of any such determination; provided that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, consent, waiver or other action only Notes that a Responsible Officer actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. Notes so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as outstanding for such purposes if the pledgee shall establish its right to so act with respect to such Notes and that the pledgee is not the Company, one of its Subsidiaries or a person or entity directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company or its Subsidiaries.
 
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Section 2.09        CUSIP Numbers.
 
(a)          Section 2.12 of the Base Indenture shall, with respect to the Notes, be superseded in its entirety by Section 2.09(b), and any reference in the Base Indenture to such Section 2.12 shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to refer instead to Section 2.09(b).
 
(b)          The Company in issuing the Notes may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers in all notices issued to Holders as a convenience to such Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Notes or on such notice and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Notes.  The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing of any change in the “CUSIP” numbers.
 
ARTICLE 3
Satisfaction and Discharge
 
Section 3.01         Applicability of Article 11 of the Base Indenture.  Article 11 of the Base Indenture shall not apply to the Notes.  Instead, the satisfaction and discharge provisions set forth in this Article 3 shall, with respect to the Notes, supersede in their entirety such Article 11 of the Base Indenture, and all references in the Base Indenture to such Article 11 or any Sections thereof and satisfaction and discharge provisions therein, as the case may be, shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to be references to this Article 3 and the satisfaction and discharge provisions set forth in this Article 3.
 
Section 3.02         Satisfaction and Discharge.  (a) The Indenture shall cease to be of further effect as to all Notes issued under the Indenture when (i) all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (x) Notes which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced, paid or converted as provided in Section 2.06 hereof and Section 2.07 of the Base Indenture and (y) Notes for whose payment money has heretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 3.03) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation or (ii) the Company has deposited with the Trustee or delivered to Holders, as applicable, after the Notes have become due and payable, whether on the Maturity Date, any Redemption Date, any Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, upon conversion or otherwise, cash, Class A Ordinary Shares or a combination thereof, as applicable, solely to satisfy the Company’s Conversion Obligation, cash, Class A Ordinary Shares or a combination thereof, as applicable, sufficient to pay all of the outstanding Notes and all other sums due and payable under the Indenture and the Notes by the Company and (b) the Trustee, upon request of the Company contained in an Officer’s Certificate and at the expense of the Company, shall execute such instruments reasonably requested by the Company acknowledging such satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture and the Notes, when the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture have been complied with.  Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture and the Notes, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee (in each of its capacities) under Section 7.06 of the Base Indenture shall survive.
 
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Section 3.03         Repayment to CompanySubject to any applicable abandoned property laws, any money and Class A Ordinary Shares deposited with the Trustee or any paying agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal (including the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, accrued and unpaid interest on and the consideration due upon conversion of any Note and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal (including the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable), interest or consideration due upon conversion has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on request of the Company contained in an Officer’s Certificate, or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Note shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such paying agent with respect to such trust money and Class A Ordinary Shares, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease.
 
ARTICLE 4
Particular Covenants of the Company
 
Section 4.01         Payment of Principal and Interest.  This Section 4.01 shall supersede, with respect to the Notes, Section 4.01 of the Base Indenture and all references in the Base Indenture to Section 4.01 thereof shall be deemed, for the purposes of the Notes, to be references to this Section 4.01 with respect to the Notes.  The Company covenants and agrees that it will pay or cause to be paid the principal (including the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, each of the Notes at the places, at the respective times and in the manner provided herein and in the Notes.
 
Section 4.02        Conversion Agent.  The paying agent and Security Registrar for the Notes shall be located in the continental United States of America.  The Company will also maintain in the continental United States of America an office or agency where the Notes may be surrendered for conversion (the “Conversion Agent”).  The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of the Conversion Agent.
 
The Company may also from time to time designate additional offices or agencies where the Notes may be surrendered for conversion and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain a Conversion Agent in the continental United States of America.  The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.  The term “Conversion Agent” includes any such additional or other offices or agencies, as applicable.
 
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The Company hereby initially designates the Trustee as the Conversion Agent, and hereby initially designates the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee as the location of the paying agent, Security Registrar and Conversion Agent for the Notes.
 
Section 4.03         Appointments to Fill Vacancies in Trustee’s Office. The Company, whenever necessary to avoid or fill a vacancy in the office of Trustee, will appoint, in the manner provided in Section 7.10 of the Base Indenture, a Trustee, so that there shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder.
 
Section 4.04         Compliance Certificate; Statements as to Defaults.  The Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company (beginning with the fiscal year ended on December 31, 2024) an Officer’s Certificate stating whether the signers thereof have knowledge of any Event of Default by the Company and, if so, specifying each such failure and the nature thereof.  In addition, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee, as soon as possible, and in any event within 30 days after obtaining the knowledge of the occurrence of any Event of Default, an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the details of such Event of Default, its status and the action that the Company is taking or proposing to take in respect thereof; provided that the Company is not required to deliver such notice if such Event of Default has been cured.  Section 13.12 of the Base Indenture shall, with respect to the Notes, be superseded in its entirety by this Section 4.04, and any reference in the Base Indenture to such Section 13.12 shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to refer instead to this Section 4.04.
 
Section 4.05         Reports.  The Company shall file with the Trustee and the Holders a copy of any documents or reports that the Company is required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (excluding any such information, documents or reports, or portions thereof, subject to confidential treatment and any correspondence with the Commission) within fifteen (15) days after the same are required to be filed with the Commission (giving effect to any grace period provided by Rule 12b-25 under the Exchange Act or any successor rule).  Any such document or report that the Company files with the Commission via the Commission’s EDGAR system (or any successor system) shall be deemed to be filed with the Trustee and the Holders for purposes of this Section 4.05 at the time such document or report is filed via the EDGAR system (or such successor system).  Delivery of the reports and documents described in this Section 4.05 to the Trustee is for informational purposes only, and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute actual or constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to conclusively rely on an Officer’s Certificate).  The Trustee shall have no liability or responsibility for the filing, timeliness or content of any such reports. Section 5.03 of the Base Indenture shall, with respect to the Notes, be superseded in its entirety by this Section 4.05, and any reference in the Base Indenture to such Section 5.03 shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to refer instead to this Section 4.05. If the Notes become convertible into Reference Property consisting in whole or in part of Capital Shares of any parent company of the Company pursuant to the terms of the Indenture and such parent company provides a full and unconditional guarantee of the Notes, the Commission reports of such parent company shall be deemed to satisfy the foregoing reporting requirements of this Section 4.05.
 
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Section 4.06         Stay, Extension and Usury Laws.  The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law or other law that would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of or interest on the Notes as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or that may affect the covenants or the performance of the Indenture; and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.
 
Section 4.07         Further Instruments and Acts.  Upon request of the Trustee, the Company shall execute and deliver such further instruments and do such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purposes of the Indenture.
 
Section 4.08        Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Securityholders.  Section 5.01 of the Base Indenture is hereby amended with respect to the Notes by deleting the phrase “(as defined in Section 2.03)” therein.
 
Section 4.09        Existence.  Subject to Article 12, the Company shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to perverse and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence.
 
Section 4.10        Additional Amounts.
 
(a)          All payments and deliveries made by, or on behalf of, the Company or any successor to the Company under or with respect to the Notes, including payments of principal (including, if applicable, the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price), payments of interest and payments of cash and/or deliveries of Class A Ordinary Shares (together with payments of cash for any fractional Class A Ordinary Shares) upon conversion of the Notes, will be made without withholding or deduction for, or on account of, any present or future taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges of whatever nature imposed or levied by or within any jurisdiction in which the Company or any successor to the Company is, for tax purposes, organized or resident or doing business (each, as applicable, a “Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction”) or through which payment is made or deemed made (together with each Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction, a “Relevant Jurisdiction,” and in each case, any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein), unless such withholding or deduction is required by law or by regulation or governmental policy having the force of law. In the event that any such withholding or deduction is so required, the Company shall pay to each Holder such additional amounts (“Additional Amounts”) as may be necessary to ensure that the net amount received by the Holders after such withholding or deduction (and after deducting any taxes on the Additional Amounts) will equal the amounts that would have been received by such Holders had no such withholding or deduction been required; provided that no Additional Amounts will be payable:
 
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(i)          for or on account of:
 

(1)
any tax, duty, assessment or other governmental charge that would not have been imposed but for:
 

(A)
the existence of any present or former connection between the Holder or beneficial owner of such Note and the Relevant Jurisdiction, other than merely holding such Note or the receipt of payments thereunder, including such Holder or beneficial owner being or having been a national, domiciliary or resident of such Relevant Jurisdiction or treated as a resident thereof or being or having been physically present or engaged in a trade or business therein or having or having had a permanent establishment therein;
 

(B)
the presentation of such Note (in cases in which presentation is required) more than 30 days after the later of the date on which the payment of the principal of (including the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) and interest on such Note or the payment of cash and/or the delivery of Class A Ordinary Shares (together with payment of cash for any fractional Class A Ordinary Shares) upon conversion of such Note became due and payable or deliverable pursuant to the terms thereof or was made or duly provided for;
 

(C)
the failure of the Holder or beneficial owner to comply with a timely request from the Company or any successor of the Company, addressed to the Holder, to provide certification, information, documents or other evidence concerning such Holder’s or beneficial owner’s nationality, residence, identity or connection with the Relevant Jurisdiction, or to make any declaration or satisfy any other reporting requirement relating to such matters, if and to the extent that due and timely compliance with such request is required by statute, regulation or administrative practice of the Relevant Jurisdiction in order to reduce or eliminate any withholding or deduction as to which Additional Amounts would have otherwise been payable; or
 
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(D)
the presentation of such Note (in cases in which presentation is required) for payment in the Relevant Jurisdiction, unless such Note could not have been presented for payment elsewhere;
 

(2)
any tax, duty, assessment, withholding, deduction or other governmental charge assessed on any cash or shares payable or deliverable as a result of an Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment;
 

(3)
any estate, inheritance, gift, sale, transfer, excise, personal property or similar tax, assessment or other governmental charge;
 

(4)
any tax, duty, assessment or other governmental charge that is payable otherwise than by withholding or deduction from payments or deliveries under or with respect to the Notes;
 

(5)
any tax, assessment, withholding or deduction required by sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code (“FATCA”), any current or future Treasury regulations or rulings promulgated thereunder, any law, regulation or other official guidance enacted in any jurisdiction implementing FATCA, any intergovernmental agreement between the United States and any other jurisdiction to implement FATCA or any law enacted by such other jurisdiction to give effect to such agreement, or any agreement with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service under FATCA; or
 

(6)
any combination of taxes, duties, assessments or other governmental charges referred to in the preceding clauses (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5); or
 
(ii)         with respect to any payment of the principal of (including the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) and interest on such Note or the payment of cash and/or the delivery of Class A Ordinary Shares (together with payment of cash for any fractional Class A Ordinary Shares) upon conversion of such Note (other than with respect to any amounts payable or deliverable as a result of an Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment) to a Holder, if the Holder is a fiduciary, partnership or person other than the sole beneficial owner of that payment to the extent that such payment would be required to be included in the income under the laws of the Relevant Jurisdiction, for tax purposes, of a beneficiary or settlor with respect to the fiduciary, a partner or member of that partnership or a beneficial owner who would not have been entitled to such Additional Amounts had that beneficiary, settlor, partner, member or beneficial owner been the Holder thereof.
 
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As a result of these provisions, there are circumstances in which taxes could be withheld or deducted, but Additional Amounts would not be payable with respect to Notes held for some or all beneficial owners of Notes.
 
(b)          The Trustee and the paying agent shall also be entitled to make any withholding or deduction pursuant to an agreement described in Section 1471(b) of the Code or otherwise imposed pursuant to FATCA and any regulations or agreements thereunder or official interpretations thereof.
 
(c)          Any reference in this Indenture or the Notes in any context to the payment of cash and/or the delivery of Class A Ordinary Shares (together with payments of cash for any fractional Class A Ordinary Shares), upon conversion of any Note (other than with respect to any amounts payable or deliverable as a result of the Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment) or the payment of principal of (including the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) and interest on any Note or any other amount payable with respect to such Note, such reference shall be deemed to include payment of Additional Amounts to the extent that, in such context, Additional Amounts are, were or would be payable in respect to that amount pursuant to this Section 4.05.
 
(d)          If the Company or its successor is required to make any deduction or withholding from any payments or deliveries with respect to the Notes, it will deliver to the Trustee official tax receipts evidencing the remittance to the relevant tax authorities of the amounts so withheld or deducted or, if such receipts are not obtainable, other evidence of payments reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee. Upon request, copies of those receipts or other evidence of payments, as the case may be, will be made available by the paying agent to the Holders or beneficial owners of the Notes.
 
(e)          The Trustee shall have no obligation to determine whether any Additional Amounts are payable under this Indenture or the amount thereof.
 
ARTICLE 5
Defaults and Remedies
 
Section 5.01         Applicability of Article 6 of the Base IndentureArticle 6 of the Base Indenture shall not apply to the Notes.  Instead, the provisions set forth in this Article 5 shall, with respect to the Notes, supersede in its entirety Article 6 of the Base Indenture, and all references in the Base Indenture to Article 6 thereof and the provisions therein, as the case may be, shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to be references to this Article 5 and the applicable provisions set forth in this Article 5, respectively.
 
Section 5.02        Events of Default.  Each of the following events shall be an “Event of Default” with respect to the Notes:
 
(a)          default in any payment of interest or Additional Amounts, if any, on any Note when due and payable, and the default continues for a period of thirty (30) days;
 
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(b)          default in the payment of principal of any Note when due and payable on the Maturity Date, upon Redemption, upon any required repurchase, upon declaration of acceleration or otherwise;
 
(c)          failure by the Company to comply with its obligation to convert the Notes in accordance with the Indenture upon exercise of a Holder’s conversion right, including any Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment, and such failure continues for a period of five (5) Business Days;
 
(d)          failure by the Company to issue a Fundamental Change Company Notice in accordance with Section 10.01, notice of a Make-Whole Fundamental Change in accordance with Section 9.03(a) or a notice of a specified corporate transaction in accordance with Section 9.01(b)(i) or Section 9.01(b)(ii), in each case, when due, and such failure continues for five (5) Business Days;
 
(e)          failure by the Company to comply with its obligations under Article 12;
 
(f)          failure by the Company for 60 days after written notice from the Trustee or by the Trustee at the request of the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Notes then outstanding has been received by the Company to comply with any of its other agreements contained in the Notes or the Indenture;
 
(g)          default by the Company or any Significant Subsidiary with respect to any mortgage, agreement or other instrument under which there may be outstanding, or by which there may be secured or evidenced, any indebtedness for money borrowed with a principal amount in excess of $25,000,000 (or the foreign currency equivalent thereof) in the aggregate by the Company and/or any such Significant Subsidiary, whether such indebtedness now exists or shall hereafter be created (i) resulting in such indebtedness becoming or being declared due and payable prior to its stated maturity or (ii) constituting a failure to pay the principal of any such indebtedness when due and payable (after the expiration of all applicable grace periods) at its stated maturity, upon required repurchase, upon declaration of acceleration or otherwise and in each case, such failure to pay or default shall not have been cured or waived, such indebtedness is not paid or discharged, or such acceleration is not otherwise cured, annulled or rescinded, within thirty (30) days after written notice to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of Notes then outstanding in accordance with the Indenture;
 
(h)          the Company or any Significant Subsidiary shall commence a voluntary case or other proceeding seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief with respect to the Company or any such Significant Subsidiary or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect or seeking the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of the Company or any such Significant Subsidiary or any substantial part of its property, or shall consent to any such relief or to the appointment of or taking possession by any such official in an involuntary case or other proceeding commenced against it, or shall make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or shall fail generally to pay its debts as they become due; or
 
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(i)          an involuntary case or other proceeding shall be commenced against the Company or any Significant Subsidiary seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief with respect to the Company or such Significant Subsidiary or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect or seeking the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of the Company or such Significant Subsidiary or any substantial part of its property, and such involuntary case or other proceeding shall remain undismissed and unstayed for a period of 90 consecutive days.
 
The Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of an Event of Default unless and until a Responsible Officer receives written notification of such Event of Default describing the circumstances of such, and identifying the circumstances constituting such Event of Default and stating that such notification is a notice of default.
 
Section 5.03         Acceleration; Rescission and Annulment.  If one or more Events of Default shall have occurred and be continuing (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body), then, and in each and every such case (other than an Event of Default specified in Section 5.02(h) or Section 5.02(i) with respect to the Company), either the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding determined in accordance with Section 8.04 of the Base Indenture, by notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), may (and the Trustee, at the written request of such Holders accompanied by security and/or indemnity satisfactory to the Trustee an otherwise subject to the limitations set forth in the Indenture, shall) declare 100% of the principal of, and accrued and unpaid interest on, all the Notes to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become and shall automatically be immediately due and payable without any action on part of the Trustee.  If an Event of Default specified in Section 5.02(h) or Section 5.02(i) with respect to the Company occurs and is continuing, 100% of the principal of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on, all Notes shall become and shall automatically be immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue, in its own name or as trustee of an express trust, any available remedy by proceeding at law or in equity to collect the payment of principal of and interest on the Notes or to enforce the performance of any provision of the notes or the Indenture. The Trustee may maintain a proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Notes or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. If any portion of the amount payable on the Notes upon acceleration is considered by a court to be unearned interest (through the allocation of the value of the instrument to the embedded warrant or otherwise), the court could disallow recovery of any such portion without any action on part of the Trustee.
 
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The immediately preceding paragraph, however, is subject to the conditions that if, at any time after the principal of the Notes shall have been so declared due and payable, and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the monies due shall have been obtained or entered as hereinafter provided, and if (1) rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction and (2) all existing Events of Default under the Indenture, other than the nonpayment of the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on Notes that shall have become due solely by such acceleration, shall have been cured or waived pursuant to Section 5.10, then and in every such case the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, by written notice to the Company and to the Trustee, may waive all Defaults or Events of Default with respect to the Notes and rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences and such Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of the Indenture; but no such waiver or rescission and annulment shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent Default or Event of Default, or shall impair any right consequent thereon.
 
Section 5.04         Additional InterestNotwithstanding anything in the Indenture or in the Notes to the contrary, to the extent the Company elects, the sole remedy for an Event of Default relating to (i) the failure by the Company to file with the Trustee pursuant to Section 314(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act any documents or reports that the Company is required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or (ii) the failure by the Company to comply with its reporting obligations under Section 4.05 (the obligations described in clauses (i) and (ii), the “Reporting Obligations”) shall after the occurrence of such an Event of Default (which will be the 60th day after written notice is provided to the Company in accordance with an Event of Default pursuant to Section 5.02(f)) consist exclusively of the right to receive Additional Interest on the Notes at a rate equal to (x) 0.25% per annum of the principal amount of the Notes outstanding each day during the period beginning on, and including, the date on which such an Event of Default first occurs and ending on the earlier of (i) the date on which such Event of Default is cured or validly waived or (ii) the 180th day immediately following, and including, the date on which such Event of Default first occurred and (y) if such Event of Default has not been cured or validly waived prior to the 181st day immediately following, and including, the date on which such Event of Default first occurred, 0.50% per annum of the principal amount of the Notes outstanding for each day during the period beginning on, and including, the 181st day immediately following, and including the date on which such Event of Default first occurred and ending on the earlier of (i) the date on which such Event of Default is cured or validly waived or (ii) the 365th day immediately following, and including, the date on which such Event of Default first occurred.
 
If the Company so elects, such Additional Interest shall be payable in the same manner and on the same dates as the stated interest payable on the Notes.  On the 366th day after such Event of Default (if the Event of Default relating to the Company’s failure to comply with the Reporting Obligations is not cured or waived prior to such 366th day), the Notes shall be subject to acceleration under Section 5.03.  The provisions of this Section 5.04 shall not affect the rights of Holders of Notes in the event of the occurrence of any other Event of Default.  In the event the Company does not elect to pay the Additional Interest following an Event of Default relating to the Reporting Obligations in accordance with this Section 5.04 or the Company elected to make such payment but does not pay the Additional Interest when due, the Notes shall be immediately subject to acceleration under Section 5.03 as a result of the Event of Default pursuant to Section 5.02(f) is then continuing.
 
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In order to elect to pay the Additional Interest as the sole remedy during the first 365 days after the occurrence of an Event of Default relating to the failure by the Company to comply with the Reporting Obligations in accordance with this Section 5.04, the Company must notify in writing all Holders of the Notes, the Trustee and the paying agent (if other than the Trustee) of such election prior to the beginning of such 365-day period.  Upon the Company’s failure to timely give such notice, the Notes shall be immediately subject to acceleration under Section 5.03. The Trustee shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Holder of Notes to determine the Additional Interest, or with respect to the nature, extent, or calculation of the amount of Additional Interest owed, or with respect to the method employed in such calculation of the Additional Interest.
 
Section 5.05        Payments of Notes on Default; Suit Therefor.  If an Event of Default described in Section 5.02(a) or Section 5.02(b) shall have occurred, the Company shall, upon demand of the Trustee or the requisite Holders, pay to the Trustee, for the benefit of the Holders of the Notes, the whole amount then due and payable on the Notes for principal (including the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable), and interest, if any, with interest on any overdue principal, and interest, if any, at the rate borne by the Notes at such time, and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover any amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.06 of the Base Indenture.  If the Company shall fail to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon the Notes and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon the Notes, wherever situated.
 
In the event there shall be pending proceedings for the bankruptcy or for the reorganization of the Company or any other obligor on the Notes under Title 11 of the United States Code, or any other applicable law, or in case a receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official shall have been appointed for or taken possession of the Company or such other obligor, the property of the Company or such other obligor, or in the event of any other judicial proceedings relative to the Company or such other obligor upon the Notes, or to the creditors or property of the Company or such other obligor, the Trustee, irrespective of whether the principal of the Notes shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5.05, shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceedings or otherwise, to file and prove a claim or claims for the whole amount of principal and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, in respect of the Notes, and, in case of any judicial proceedings, to file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents and to take such other actions as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceedings relative to the Company or any other obligor on the Notes, its or their creditors, or its or their property, and to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims, and to distribute the same after the deduction of any amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.06 of the Base Indenture; and any receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization, liquidator, custodian or similar official is hereby authorized by each of the Holders to make such payments to the Trustee, as administrative expenses, and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for reasonable compensation, expenses, advances and disbursements, including agents and counsel fees, and including any other amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.06 of the Base Indenture, incurred by it up to the date of such distribution.  To the extent that such payment of reasonable compensation, expenses, advances and disbursements out of the estate in any such proceedings shall be denied for any reason, payment of the same shall be secured by a lien on, and shall be paid out of, any and all distributions, dividends, monies, securities and other property that the Holders of the Notes may be entitled to receive in such proceedings, whether in liquidation or under any plan of reorganization or arrangement or otherwise.
 
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Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting such Holder or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.
 
All rights of action and of asserting claims under the Indenture, or under any of the Notes, may be enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Notes, or the production thereof at any trial or other proceeding relative thereto, and any such suit or proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes.
 
In any proceedings brought by the Trustee (and in any proceedings involving the interpretation of any provision of the Indenture to which the Trustee shall be a party) the Trustee shall be held to represent all the Holders of the Notes, and it shall not be necessary to make any Holders of the Notes parties to any such proceedings.
 
In case the Trustee shall have proceeded to enforce any right under the Indenture and such proceedings shall have been discontinued or abandoned because of any waiver pursuant to Section 5.10 or any rescission and annulment pursuant to Section 5.03 or for any other reason or shall have been determined adversely to the Trustee, then and in every such case the Company, the Holders and the Trustee shall, subject to any determination in such proceeding, be restored respectively to their several positions and rights hereunder, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Company, the Holders and the Trustee shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.
 
Section 5.06         Application of Monies Collected by Trustee.  Any monies or property collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article 5 with respect to the Notes shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee for the distribution of such monies or property, upon presentation of the several Notes, and stamping thereon the payment, if only partially paid, and upon surrender thereof, if fully paid:
 
First, to the payment of all amounts due the Trustee (in any capacity hereunder) under Section 7.06 of the Base Indenture;
 
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Second, in case the principal of the outstanding Notes shall not have become due and be unpaid, to the payment of interest on, and any cash due upon conversion of, the Notes in default in the order of the date due of the payments of such interest and cash due upon conversion, as the case may be, with interest (to the extent that such interest has been collected by the Trustee) upon such overdue payments at the rate borne by the Notes at such time, such payments to be made ratably to the Persons entitled thereto;
 
Third, in case the principal of the outstanding Notes shall have become due, by declaration or otherwise, and be unpaid to the payment of the whole amount (including, if applicable, the payment of the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price and any cash due upon conversion) then owing and unpaid upon the Notes for principal and interest, if any, with interest on the overdue principal and, to the extent that such interest has been collected by the Trustee, upon overdue installments of interest at the rate borne by the Notes at such time, and in case such monies shall be insufficient to pay in full the whole amounts so due and unpaid upon the Notes, then to the payment of such principal (including, if applicable, the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price and any cash due upon conversion) and interest without preference or priority of principal over interest, or of interest over principal or of any installment of interest over any other installment of interest, or of any Note over any other Note, ratably to the aggregate of such principal (including, if applicable, the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price and any cash due upon conversion) and accrued and unpaid interest; and
 
Fourth, to the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company.
 
Section 5.07          Proceedings by Holders.  Except to enforce the right to receive payment of principal (including, if applicable, the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price) or interest when due, or the right to receive payment or delivery of the consideration due upon conversion, no Holder of any Note shall have any right by virtue of or by availing of any provision of the Indenture to institute any suit, action or proceeding in equity or at law upon or under or with respect to the Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver, trustee, liquidator, custodian or other similar official, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:
 
(a)          such Holder previously shall have given to the Trustee written notice of an Event of Default and of the continuance thereof, as herein provided;
 
(b)          Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Notes then outstanding shall have made written request upon the Trustee to institute such action, suit or proceeding in its own name as Trustee hereunder;
 
(c)          such Holders shall have offered, and if requested, provided, to the Trustee such security and/or indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense to be incurred therein or thereby;
 
(d)          the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of such security or indemnity, shall have neglected or refused to institute any such action, suit or proceeding; and
 
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(e)          no direction that, in the opinion of the Trustee, is inconsistent with such written request shall have been given to the Trustee by the Holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding within such 60-day period pursuant to Section 5.11,
 
it being understood and intended, and being expressly covenanted by the taker and Holder of every Note with every other taker and Holder and the Trustee that no one or more Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of or by availing of any provision of the Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other Holder (it being understood that the Trustee shall not have an affirmative duty to ascertain whether or not any such direction is unduly prejudicial to any other Holder), or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference to any other such Holder, or to enforce any right under the Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal, ratable and common benefit of all Holders (except as otherwise provided herein).  For the protection and enforcement of this Section 5.07, each and every Holder and the Trustee shall be entitled to such relief as can be given either at law or in equity.
 
Notwithstanding any other provision of the Indenture and any provision of any Note, each Holder shall have the right to receive payment or delivery, as the case may be, of (x) the principal (including the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, (y) accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on, and (z) the consideration due upon conversion of, such Note, on or after the respective due dates expressed or provided for in such Note or in the Indenture, or to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment or delivery, as the case may be, and such right to receive such payment or delivery, as the case may be, on or after such respective dates shall not be impaired of affected without the consent of such Holder.
 
Section 5.08         Proceedings by Trustee.  In case of an Event of Default, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce the rights vested in it by the Indenture by such appropriate judicial proceedings as are necessary to protect and enforce any of such rights, either by suit in equity or by action at law or by proceeding in bankruptcy or otherwise, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement contained in the Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted in the Indenture, or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the Trustee by the Indenture or by law.
 
Section 5.09         Remedies Cumulative and Continuing.  Except as provided in the last paragraph of Section 2.06, all powers and remedies given by this Article 5 to the Trustee or to the Holders shall, to the extent permitted by law, be deemed cumulative and not exclusive of any thereof or of any other powers and remedies available to the Trustee or the Holders of the Notes, by judicial proceedings or otherwise, to enforce the performance or observance of the covenants and agreements contained in the Indenture, and no delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any of the Notes to exercise any right or power accruing upon any Default or Event of Default shall impair any such right or power, or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such Default or Event of Default or any acquiescence therein; and, subject to the provisions of Section 5.08, every power and remedy given by this Article 5 or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as shall be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders.
 
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Section 5.10         Direction of Proceedings and Waiver of Defaults by Majority of Holders.  The Holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding determined in accordance with Section 8.04 of the Base Indenture shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee.  The Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or the Indenture, that may involve the Trustee in personal liability, or if it is not provided with security and/or indemnity to its satisfaction may take any other action it deems proper that is not inconsistent with any such direction received from Holders. In addition, the Trustee will not be required to expend its own funds under any circumstances. The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding determined in accordance with Section 8.04 of the Base Indenture may on behalf of the Holders of all of the Notes waive any past Default or Event of Default hereunder and its consequences (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any acceleration as a result of such Default or Event of Default) except (1) a default in the payment of accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on, or the principal (including any Redemption Price and any Fundamental Change Repurchase Price) of, the Notes when due that has not been cured pursuant to the provisions of Section 5.02, (2) a failure by the Company to pay or deliver, as the case may be, the consideration due upon conversion of the Notes or (3) a default in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article 8 cannot be modified or amended without the consent of each Holder of an outstanding Note affected.  Upon any such waiver the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Notes shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.  Whenever any Default or Event of Default hereunder shall have been waived as permitted by this Section 5.10, said Default or Event of Default shall for all purposes of the Notes and the Indenture be deemed to have been cured and to be not continuing; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
 
Section 5.11         Notice of Defaults.  The Trustee shall, within 90 days after the occurrence and continuance of a Default of which a Responsible Officer receives written notice or obtains actual knowledge, deliver to all Holders notice of all Defaults known to a Responsible Officer, unless such Defaults shall have been cured or waived before the giving of such notice; provided that, except in the case of a Default in the payment of the principal of (including the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable), or accrued and unpaid interest on, any of the Notes or a Default in the payment or delivery of the consideration due upon conversion, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if the Trustee in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of the Holders (it being understood that the Trustee shall not have an affirmative duty to make such determination). The Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of an Event of Default unless and until a Responsible Officer receives written notification of such Event of Default describing the circumstances of such, and identifying the circumstances constituting such Event of Default and stating that such notification is a “notice of default.”
 
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Section 5.12         Undertaking to Pay Costs.  All parties to the Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Note by its acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may, in its discretion, require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under the Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; provided that the provisions of this Section 5.12 (to the extent permitted by law) shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding determined in accordance with Section 8.04 of the Base Indenture, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on any Note (including, but not limited to, the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) on or after the due date expressed or provided for in such Note or the Indenture or to any suit for the enforcement of the right to convert any Note, or receive the consideration due upon conversion, in accordance with the provisions of Article 9.
 
ARTICLE 6
Intentionally Omitted.
 
ARTICLE 7
Holders’ Meetings
 
Section 7.01          Purpose of Meetings.  A meeting of Holders may be called at any time and from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Article 7 for any of the following purposes:
 
(a)          to give any notice to the Company or to the Trustee or to give any directions to the Trustee permitted under the Indenture, or to consent to the waiving of any Default or Event of Default hereunder (in each case, as permitted under the Indenture) and its consequences, or to take any other action authorized to be taken by Holders pursuant to any of the provisions of Article 5;
 
(b)          to remove the Trustee and nominate a successor trustee pursuant to the provisions of Article 7 of the Base Indenture;
 
(c)          to consent to the execution of an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto pursuant to the provisions of Section 8.03; or
 
(d)          to take any other action authorized to be taken by or on behalf of the Holders of any specified aggregate principal amount of the Notes under any other provision of the Indenture or under applicable law.
 
Section 7.02          Call of Meetings by Trustee.  The Trustee may at any time call a meeting of Holders to take any action specified in Section 7.01, to be held at such time and at such place as the Trustee shall determine.  Notice of every meeting of the Holders, setting forth the time and the place of such meeting and in general terms the action proposed to be taken at such meeting and the establishment of any record date pursuant to Section 8.01 of the Base Indenture, shall be delivered to Holders of such Notes.  Such notice shall also be delivered to the Company.  Such notices shall be delivered not less than 20 nor more than 90 days prior to the date fixed for the meeting.
 
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Any meeting of Holders shall be valid without notice if the Holders of all Notes then outstanding are present in person or by proxy or if notice is waived before or after the meeting by the Holders of all Notes then outstanding, and if the Company and the Trustee are either present by duly authorized representatives or have, before or after the meeting, waived notice.
 
Section 7.03          Call of Meetings by Company or Holders.  In case at any time the Company, pursuant to a Board Resolution, or the Holders of at least 10% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, shall have requested the Trustee to call a meeting of Holders, by written request setting forth in reasonable detail the action proposed to be taken at the meeting, and the Trustee shall not have delivered the notice of such meeting within 20 days after receipt of such request, then the Company or such Holders may determine the time and the place for such meeting and may call such meeting to take any action authorized in Section 7.01, by delivering notice thereof as provided in Section 7.02.
 
Section 7.04          Qualifications for Voting.  To be entitled to vote at any meeting of Holders a Person shall g) be a Holder of one or more Notes on the record date pertaining to such meeting or h) be a Person appointed by an instrument in writing as proxy by a Holder of one or more Notes on the record date pertaining to such meeting.  The only Persons who shall be entitled to be present or to speak at any meeting of Holders shall be the Persons entitled to vote at such meeting and their counsel and any representatives of the Trustee and its counsel and any representatives of the Company and its counsel.
 
Section 7.05          Regulations.  Notwithstanding any other provisions of the Indenture, the Trustee may make such reasonable regulations as it may deem advisable for any meeting of Holders, in regard to proof of the holding of Notes and of the appointment of proxies, and in regard to the appointment and duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and examination of proxies, certificates and other evidence of the right to vote, and such other matters concerning the conduct of the meeting as it shall think fit.
 
The Trustee shall, by an instrument in writing, appoint a temporary chairman of the meeting, unless the meeting shall have been called by the Company or by Holders as provided in Section 7.03, in which case the Company or the Holders calling the meeting, as the case may be, shall in like manner appoint a temporary chairman.  A permanent chairman and a permanent secretary of the meeting shall be elected by vote of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Notes represented at the meeting and entitled to vote at the meeting.
 
Subject to the provisions of Section 8.04 of the Base Indenture, at any meeting of Holders each Holder or proxyholder shall be entitled to one vote for each $1,000 principal amount of Notes held or represented by him or her; provided, however, that no vote shall be cast or counted at any meeting in respect of any Note challenged as not outstanding and ruled by the chairman of the meeting to be not outstanding.  The chairman of the meeting shall have no right to vote other than by virtue of Notes held by it or instruments in writing as aforesaid duly designating it as the proxy to vote on behalf of other Holders.  Any meeting of Holders duly called pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.02 or Section 7.03 may be adjourned from time to time by the Holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of Notes represented at the meeting, whether or not constituting a quorum, and the meeting may be held as so adjourned without further notice.
 
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Section 7.06          Voting.  The vote upon any resolution submitted to any meeting of Holders shall be by written ballot on which shall be subscribed the signatures of the Holders or of their representatives by proxy and the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the Notes held or represented by them.  The permanent chairman of the meeting shall appoint two inspectors of votes who shall count all votes cast at the meeting for or against any resolution and who shall make and file with the secretary of the meeting their verified written reports in duplicate of all votes cast at the meeting.  A record in duplicate of the proceedings of each meeting of Holders shall be prepared by the secretary of the meeting and there shall be attached to said record the original reports of the inspectors of votes on any vote by ballot taken thereat and affidavits by one or more Persons having knowledge of the facts setting forth a copy of the notice of the meeting and showing that said notice was delivered as provided in Section 7.02.  The record shall show the aggregate principal amount of the Notes voting in favor of or against any resolution.  The record shall be signed and verified by the affidavits of the permanent chairman and secretary of the meeting and one of the duplicates shall be delivered to the Company and the other to the Trustee to be preserved by the Trustee, the latter to have attached thereto the ballots voted at the meeting.
 
Any record so signed and verified shall be conclusive evidence of the matters therein stated.
 
Section 7.07         No Delay of Rights by Meeting.  Nothing contained in this Article 7 shall be deemed or construed to authorize or permit, by reason of any call of a meeting of Holders or any rights expressly or impliedly conferred hereunder to make such call, any hindrance or delay in the exercise of any right or rights conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders under any of the provisions of the Indenture or of the Notes.
 
ARTICLE 8
Supplemental Indentures
 
Section 8.01         Applicability of Article 9 of the Base IndentureArticle 9 of the Base Indenture shall not apply to the Notes.  Instead the provisions set forth in this Article 8 shall, with respect to the Notes, supersede in their entirety Article 9 of the Base Indenture, and all references in the Base Indenture to Article 9 thereof and the provisions therein, as the case may be, shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to be references to this Article 8 or the applicable provisions set forth in this Article 8, respectively.
 
Section 8.02         Amendments or Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders .  The Company and the Trustee, at the Company’s expense, may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Notes without notice to or the consent of any Holder to:
 
(a)          to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency;
 
(b)          to provide for the assumption by a Successor Entity of the obligations of the Company under the Indenture pursuant to Article 12;
 
(c)          to add guarantees with respect to the Notes;
 
(d)          to secure the Notes;
 
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(e)          to add to the covenants or Events of Default of the Company for the benefit of the Holders or surrender any right or power conferred upon the Company;
 
(f)          upon the occurrence of any Share Exchange Event, (i) provide that the Notes are convertible into Reference Property, subject to the provisions of Section 9.02, and (ii) effect the related changes to the terms of the Notes described under Section 9.09, in each case, in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Indenture;
 
(g)          adjust the Conversion Rate as provided herein;
 
(h)          provide for the appointment of and acceptance of appoint by a successor trustee, registrar, paying agent, bid solicitation agent or conversion agent to facilitate the administration of the trusts under the Indenture by more than one trustee;
 
(i)          irrevocably elect a settlement method and/or a specified dollar amount (or minimum specified dollar amount), or eliminate the Company’s right to elect a Settlement Method (including, at the Company’s option upon an irrevocable election of a Settlement Method as provided under Section 9.02(a)), provided, that no such election or elimination will affect any Settlement Method theretofore elected (or deemed to be elected) with respect to any Note pursuant to Article 9;
 
(j)          comply with the rules of any applicable securities depositary, including DTC;
 
(k)          make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Holder in any material respect;
 
(l)           to conform the provisions of the Indenture to the “Description of Securities— Description of Debt Securities, Warrants and Rights and Other Securities—Description of Debt Securities” section of the prospectus of the Company dated April 2, 2024, as supplemented and/or amended by the “Description of the Notes” section in the preliminary prospectus supplement of the Company relating to the Notes dated August 15, 2024, as supplemented by the related pricing term sheet dated August 15, 2024; or
 
(m)         to comply with any requirement of the Commission in connection with the qualification of the Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.
 
Holders do not need to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment. It will be sufficient if such Holders approve the substance of the proposed amendment. After an amendment under the Indenture becomes effective, the Company shall send to the Holders (with a copy to the Trustee) a notice briefly describing such amendment. However, the failure to give such notice to all the Holders, or any defect in the notice, will not impair or affect the validity of the amendment.
 
Upon the written request of the Company, the Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Company in the execution of any such supplemental indenture, to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to, but may in its discretion, enter into any supplemental indenture that affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Indenture or otherwise.
 
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Any supplemental indenture authorized by the provisions of this Section 8.02 may be executed by the Company and the Trustee without the consent of the Holders of any of the Notes at the time outstanding, notwithstanding any of the provision of Section 8.03.
 
Section 8.03         Amendments or Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders.  With the consent (evidenced as provided in Article 8 of the Base Indenture) of the Holders of at least a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding (determined in accordance with Article 8 of the Base Indenture and including, without limitation, consents obtained in connection with a repurchase of, or tender or exchange offer for, Notes), the Company may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of the Indenture or any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders; provided, however, that, without the consent of each Holder of an outstanding Note affected, no such supplemental indenture shall:
 
(a)          reduce the principal amount of Notes whose Holders must consent to an amendment;
 
(b)          reduce the rate of or extend the stated time for payment of interest on any Note;
 
(c)          reduce the principal of or extend the Maturity Date of any Note;
 
(d)          make any change that adversely affects the conversion rights of any Notes, except as required by the Indenture;
 
(e)          reduce the Redemption Price or the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price of any Note or amend or modify in any manner adverse to the Holders the Company’s obligation to make such payments, whether through an amendment or waiver of provisions in the covenants, definitions or otherwise;
 
(f)          make any Note payable in money other than U.S. dollars;
 
(g)          change the ranking of the Notes;
 
(h)          impair the right of any Holder to receive payment of principal and interest on such Holder’s Notes on or after the due dates therefor or to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or with respect to such Holder’s Notes;
 
(i)          change the Company’s obligation to pay Additional Amounts on any Note; or
 
(j)          make any change in this Article 8 or in the waiver provisions in Section 5.03 or Section 5.10, in each case, that requires each Holder’s consent.
 
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Upon the written request of the Company, and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence of the consent of Holders as aforesaid and subject to Section 8.06, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of such supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion, but shall not be obligated to, enter into such supplemental indenture.
 
Holders do not need under this Section 8.03 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture.  It shall be sufficient if such Holders approve the substance of the proposed supplemental indenture.  After any such supplemental indenture becomes effective, the Company shall deliver to the Holders (with a copy to the Trustee) a notice briefly describing such supplemental indenture.  However, the failure to give such notice to all the Holders, or any defect in the notice, will not impair or affect the validity of the supplemental indenture.
 
Section 8.04         Effect of Supplemental Indentures.  Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article 8, the Indenture shall be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith and the respective rights, limitation of rights, obligations, duties and immunities under the Indenture of the Trustee, the Company and the Holders shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments and all the terms and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of the Indenture for any and all purposes.
 
Section 8.05         Notation on Notes.  Notes authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article 8 may, at the Company’s expense, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture.  If the Company or the Trustee shall so determine, new Notes so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Board of Directors, to any modification of the Indenture contained in any such supplemental indenture may, at the Company’s expense, be prepared and executed by the Company, authenticated by the Trustee (or an Authenticating Agent duly appointed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 2.10 of the Base Indenture) upon receipt of a Company Order and delivered in exchange for the Notes then outstanding, upon surrender of such Notes then outstanding.
 
Section 8.06         Evidence of Compliance of Supplemental Indenture to Be Furnished to Trustee.  In addition to the documents required by Section 13.07 of the Base Indenture, the Trustee shall receive an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any supplemental indenture executed pursuant hereto complies with the requirements of this Article 8, is permitted or authorized by the Indenture and is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against it in accordance with its terms.
 
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ARTICLE 9
Conversion of Notes
 
Section 9.01         Conversion Privilege.
 
(a)          Subject to and upon compliance with the provisions of this Article 9, each Holder of a Note shall have the right, at such Holder’s option, to convert all or any portion (if the portion to be converted is $1,000 principal amount or an integral multiple thereof) of such Note at any time prior to the close of business on the second Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date, in each case, at an initial conversion rate of 117.0207 Class A Ordinary Shares (subject to adjustment as provided in this Article 9, the “Conversion Rate”) per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (subject to, and in accordance with, the settlement provisions of Section 9.02, the “Conversion Obligation”).
 
(b)          If, prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding May 15, 2029, the Company elects to:
 
(i)          distribute to all or substantially all holders of the Class A Ordinary Shares any rights, options or warrants (other than in connection with a shareholder rights plan prior to separation of such rights from the Class A Ordinary Shares) entitling them, for a period of not more than forty-five (45) calendar days after the announcement date of such distribution, to subscribe for or purchase Class A Ordinary Shares at a price per share that is less than the average of the Last Reported Sale Prices of the Class A Ordinary Shares for the ten (10) consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of announcement of such distribution; or
 
(ii)          distribute to all or substantially all holders of Class A Ordinary Shares, the Company’s assets, securities or rights to purchase securities of the Company (other than in connection with a shareholder rights plan prior to separation of such rights from the Class A Ordinary Shares), which distribution has a per share value, as determined by the Board of Directors, exceeding 10% of the Last Reported Sale Price of the Class A Ordinary Shares on the Trading Day preceding the date of announcement for such distribution,
 
then, in either case, the Company shall notify all Holders of the Notes, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) in writing at least forty-eight (48) Scheduled Trading Days prior to the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution (or, if later in the case of any such separation of rights issued pursuant to a shareholder rights plan, as soon as reasonably practicable after the Company becomes aware that such separation or triggering event has occurred or will occur); provided, that if the Company elects Physical Settlement for conversions that occur at any time from, and including, the date of notice until the earlier of (1) the close of business on the second Business Day immediately preceding the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution and (2) the Company’s announcement that such issuance or distribution will not take place (the “Distribution Conversion Period”), the Company may provide not less than ten (10) Business Days’ nor more than thirty (30) Business Days’ notice before such Ex-Dividend Date.
 
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Section 9.02         Conversion Procedure; Settlement Upon Conversion.
 
(a)          Subject to this Section 9.02, Section 9.03(b) and Section 9.09(a), upon conversion of any Note, the Company shall pay or deliver, as the case may be, to the converting Holder, in respect of each $1,000 principal amount of Notes being converted, cash (“Cash Settlement”), Class A Ordinary Shares, together with cash, if applicable, in lieu of delivering any fractional Class A Ordinary Shares in accordance with subsection (j) of this Section 9.02 (“Physical Settlement”) or a combination of cash and Class A Ordinary Shares, together with cash, if applicable, in lieu of delivering any fractional Class A Ordinary Shares in accordance with subsection (j) of this Section 9.02 (“Combination Settlement”), at its election, as set forth in this Section 9.02.
 
(i)          All conversions of Notes called (or deemed called) for Redemption for which the relevant Conversion Date occurs during the related Redemption Period, and all conversions for which the relevant Conversion Date occurs on or after May 15, 2029, shall be settled using the same Settlement Method.
 
(ii)         Except for any conversions for which the relevant Conversion Date occurs during a Redemption Period, and any conversions for which the relevant Conversion Date occurs on or after May 15, 2029, and except to the extent the Company has irrevocably elected Physical Settlement pursuant to Section 9.01(b) in a notice as described in such Section or has previously made an irrevocable election with respect to all subsequent conversions of Notes pursuant to Section 9.02(a)(iii), the Company shall use the same Settlement Method for all conversions with the same Conversion Date, but the Company shall not have any obligation to use the same Settlement Method with respect to conversions with different Conversion Dates.
 
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(iii)        If, in respect of any Conversion Date (or any conversions of Notes called (or deemed called) for which the relevant Conversion Date occurs during the related Redemption Period, or any conversions for which the relevant Conversion Date occurs on or after May 15, 2029 or for which the Company has irrevocably elected Physical Settlement pursuant to Section 9.01(b) in a notice as described in such Section), the Company elects to deliver a notice (the “Settlement Notice”) of the relevant Settlement Method in respect of such Conversion Date (or either such period, as the case may be), the Company, shall deliver such Settlement Notice to converting Holders, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) in accordance with Section 13.12, no later than the close of business on the Trading Day immediately following the relevant Conversion Date (or, in the case of (x) any conversion of Notes called (or deemed called) for Redemption for which the relevant Conversion Date occurs during the Redemption Period, in the relevant Redemption Notice, (y) any conversions of Notes for which the relevant Conversion Date occurs on or after May 15, 2029, no later than May 15, 2029, or (z) any conversions for which the Company has irrevocably elected Physical Settlement pursuant to Section 9.01(b), in a notice as described in such Section).  If the Company does not timely elect a Settlement Method prior to the deadline set forth in the immediately preceding sentence, the Company shall no longer have the right to elect a Settlement Method with respect to any such Conversion Date or during such period and the Company shall be deemed to have elected the Default Settlement Method in respect of its Conversion Obligation.  Such Settlement Notice shall specify the relevant Settlement Method and in the case of an election of Combination Settlement, the relevant Settlement Notice shall indicate the Specified Dollar Amount per $1,000 principal amount of Notes.  If the Company delivers a Settlement Notice electing Combination Settlement in respect of its Conversion Obligation, or the Company is deemed to have elected Combination Settlement, but does not indicate a Specified Dollar Amount per $1,000 principal amount of Notes to be converted in such Settlement Notice, the Specified Dollar Amount per $1,000 principal amount of Notes shall be deemed to be $1,000. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company’s failure to timely elect a Settlement Method or specify as applicable a Specified Dollar Amount will not constitute a default under this Indenture.
 
By notice to Holders, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee), the Company may, from time to time, change the Default Settlement Method prior to May 15, 2029. In addition, by notice to Holders, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee), the Company may, prior to May 15, 2029, at its option, irrevocably elect to fix the Settlement Method to any Settlement Method that the Company is then permitted to elect, including Combination Settlement with a specified dollar amount per $1,000 principal amount of Notes of $1,000 or with an ability to continue to set the specified dollar amount per $1,000 principal amount of Notes at or above a specific amount set forth in such notice. If the Company changes the Default Settlement Method or irrevocably elects to fix the Settlement Method, in either case, to Combination Settlement with an ability to continue to set the Specified Dollar Amount per $1,000 principal amount of Notes at or above a specific amount, the Company will, after the date of such change or election, as the case may be, inform Holders converting their Notes, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) of such Specified Dollar Amount no later than the relevant deadline for election of a Settlement Method as described in the immediately preceding paragraph, or, if the Company does not timely notify Holders, such Specified Dollar Amount will be the specific amount set forth in the Settlement Notice or, if no specific amount was set forth in the Settlement Notice, such Specified Dollar Amount will be $1,000 per $1,000 principal amount of Notes. A change in the Default Settlement Method or an irrevocable election will apply to all note conversions on conversion dates occurring subsequent to delivery of such Settlement Notice; provided, however, that no such change or election will affect any Settlement Method theretofore elected (or deemed to be elected) with respect to any Note. For the avoidance of doubt, such an irrevocable election, if made, will be effective without the need to amend this Supplemental Indenture or the Notes, including pursuant to the provisions described in Section 8.02(a). However, the Company may nonetheless choose to execute such an amendment at its option.
 
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If the Company changes the Default Settlement Method or irrevocably fixes the Settlement Method pursuant to the provisions described in the preceding paragraph, then, concurrently with providing a Settlement Notice to Holders of Notes, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) of such change or election, the Company will post notice of the Default Settlement Method on its website or otherwise disclose such information in a Current Report on Form 6-K or 8-K (or any successor form) that is filed with the Commission.
 
(iv)        The cash, Class A Ordinary Shares or combination of cash and Class A Ordinary Shares payable or deliverable by the Company in respect of any conversion of Notes (the “Settlement Amount”) shall be computed as follows:
 

(A)
if the Company elects (or is deemed to have elected) to satisfy its Conversion Obligation in respect of such conversion by Physical Settlement, the Company shall deliver to the converting Holder in respect of each $1,000 principal amount of Notes being converted a number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the close of business on the Conversion Date;
 

(B)
if the Company elects (or is deemed to have elected) to satisfy its Conversion Obligation in respect of such conversion by Cash Settlement, the Company shall pay to the converting Holder in respect of each $1,000 principal amount of Notes being converted cash in an amount equal to the sum of the Daily Conversion Values for each of the forty (40) consecutive Trading Days during the related Observation Period; and
 

(C)
if the Company elects (or is deemed to have elected) to satisfy its Conversion Obligation in respect of such conversion by Combination Settlement, the Company shall pay or deliver, as the case may be, to the converting Holder in respect of each $1,000 principal amount of Notes being converted, a Settlement Amount equal to the sum of the Daily Settlement Amounts for each of the forty (40) consecutive Trading Days during the related Observation Period.
 
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(b)          The Daily Settlement Amounts (if applicable) and the Daily Conversion Values (if applicable) shall be determined by the Company promptly following the last day of the Observation Period. Promptly after such determination of the Daily Settlement Amounts or the Daily Conversion Values, as the case may be, and the amount of cash payable in lieu of delivering any fractional Class A Ordinary Shares, the Company shall notify the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) of the Daily Settlement Amounts or the Daily Conversion Values, as the case may be, and the amount of cash payable in lieu of delivering fractional Class A Ordinary Shares. The Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) shall have no responsibility or liability for any such determination.
 
(c)          Subject to Section 9.02(e), before any Holder of a Note shall be entitled to convert a Note as set forth above, a Holder shall (i) in the case of a Global Note, comply with the Applicable Procedures of the Depositary in effect at that time and, if required, pay funds equal to interest payable on the next Interest Payment Date to which such Holder is not entitled, and if required, pay all transfer or similar taxes, if any, as set forth in Section 9.02(h) and (ii) in the case of a Physical Note, the Holder thereof shall (1) complete, manually sign and deliver an irrevocable notice (or a facsimile, PDF or other electronic transmission thereof) to the Conversion Agent as set forth in the Form of Notice of Conversion (a “Notice of Conversion”) at the office of the Conversion Agent and state in writing therein the principal amount of Notes to be converted and the name or names (with addresses) in which such Holder wishes the certificate or certificates for any Class A Ordinary Shares to be delivered upon settlement of the Conversion Obligation to be registered, (2) surrender such Notes, duly endorsed to the Company or in blank (and accompanied by appropriate endorsement and transfer documents), at the office of the Conversion Agent, (3) if required, furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents and (4) if required, pay funds equal to interest payable on the next Interest Payment Date to which such Holder is not entitled as set forth in Section 9.02(h).  The Trustee (and if different, the Conversion Agent) shall notify the Company of any conversion pursuant to this Article 9 on the Conversion Date for such conversion.  No Holder may surrender Notes for conversion if such Holder has also delivered a Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice to the Company in respect of such Notes and has not validly withdrawn such Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice in accordance with Section 10.02.
 
If more than one Note shall be surrendered for conversion at one time by the same Holder, the Settlement Amount with respect to such Notes shall be computed on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes (or specified portions thereof to the extent permitted thereby) so surrendered.
 
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A Note shall be deemed to have been converted immediately prior to the close of business on the date (the “Conversion Date”) that the Holder has complied with the requirements set forth in subsection (b) above.  Except as set forth in Section 9.03(b) and Section 9.09(a), the Company shall pay or deliver, as the case may be, the consideration due in respect of the Conversion Obligation, including any applicable Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment, on the second Business Day immediately following the relevant Conversion Date, if the Company elects Physical Settlement, or on the second Business Day immediately following the last Trading Day of the relevant Observation Period, in the case of any other Settlement Method; provided, that with respect to any Conversion Date occurring during a Redemption Period, the Company will settle any such conversion for which Physical Settlement is applicable on the relevant Redemption Date; provided, further, that notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Conversion Date occurring after the regular Record Date immediately preceding the Maturity Date, the Company will settle any such conversion for which Physical Settlement is applicable on the Maturity Date.  If any Class A Ordinary Shares are due to a converting Holder, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued, and deliver (if applicable) to the Conversion Agent or to such Holder, or such Holder’s nominee or nominees, the full number of Class A Ordinary Shares to which such Holder shall be entitled, in book-entry format through the Depositary, in satisfaction of the Company’s Conversion Obligation.
 
(d)          In case any Note shall be surrendered for partial conversion, the Company shall deliver a Company Order, and the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to or upon the written order of the Holder of the Note so surrendered a new Note or Notes in authorized denominations in an aggregate principal amount equal to the unconverted portion of the surrendered Note, without payment of any service charge by the converting Holder but, if required by the Company or Trustee, with payment of a sum sufficient to cover any documentary, stamp, issue, transfer or similar tax due on the delivery of Class A Ordinary Shares required by law or that may be imposed in connection therewith as a result of the name of the Holder of the new Notes issued upon such conversion being different from the name of the Holder of the old Notes surrendered for such conversion.
 
(e)          If a Holder submits a Note for conversion, the Company shall pay any documentary, stamp issue, transfer or similar tax due on the delivery of Class A Ordinary Shares upon conversion, unless the tax is due because the Holder requests such Class A Ordinary Shares to be issued in a name other than such Holder’s name, in which case such Holder shall pay that tax.  The Conversion Agent may refuse to deliver the certificates representing Class A Ordinary Shares being issued in a name other than such Holder’s name until the Trustee receives a sum sufficient to pay any tax that is due by such Holder in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence.
 
(f)          Except as provided in Section 9.06, no adjustment shall be made for dividends on any Class A Ordinary Shares issued upon the conversion of any Note as provided in this Article 9.
 
(g)          Upon the conversion of an interest in a Global Note, the Trustee, or the Note Custodian (if other than the Trustee) at the direction of the Trustee, shall make a notation on such Global Note as to the reduction in the principal amount represented thereby.  The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of any conversion of Notes effected through any Conversion Agent other than the Trustee.
 
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(h)          Upon conversion, a Holder shall not receive any separate cash payment for accrued and unpaid interest, if any, except as set forth below.  The Company’s payment and delivery, as the case may be, of the Settlement Amount with respect to any converted Note shall be deemed to satisfy in full its obligation to pay the principal amount of the Note and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the relevant Conversion Date.  As a result, accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the relevant Conversion Date shall be deemed to be paid in full rather than cancelled, extinguished or forfeited.  Upon a conversion of Notes into a combination of cash and Class A Ordinary Shares, accrued and unpaid interest shall be deemed to be paid first out of the cash paid upon such conversion.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if Notes are converted after the close of business on a Regular Record Date, but prior to the open of business on the immediately following Interest Payment Date, Holders of such Notes as of the close of business on such Regular Record Date shall receive the full amount of interest payable on such Notes on the corresponding Interest Payment Date notwithstanding the conversion.  However, Notes surrendered for conversion during the period from the close of business on any Regular Record Date to the open of business on the immediately following Interest Payment Date shall be accompanied by funds in U.S. dollars equal to the amount of interest payable on the Notes so converted (regardless of whether the converting Holder was the Holder of record on the corresponding Regular Record Date); provided that no such payment shall be required (1) for conversions following the close of business on the Regular Record Date immediately preceding the Maturity Date; (2) if the Company has specified a Redemption Date that is after a Regular Record Date and on or prior to the second Business Day immediately succeeding the corresponding Interest Payment Date (or, if such Interest Payment Date is not a Business Day, the third Business Day immediately succeeding such Interest Payment Date); (3) if the Company has specified a Fundamental Change Repurchase Date that is after a Regular Record Date and on or prior to the Business Day immediately succeeding the corresponding Interest Payment Date (or, if such Interest Payment Date is not a Business Day, the second Business Day immediately succeeding such Interest Payment Date); or (4) to the extent of any overdue interest, if any overdue interest exists at the time of conversion with respect to such Note.  Therefore, for the avoidance of doubt, all Holders of record on the Regular Record Date immediately preceding the Maturity Date, any Fundamental Change Repurchase Date or Redemption Date, in each case, as described above, shall receive the full interest payment due on the Maturity Date or other applicable Interest Payment Date in cash, regardless of whether their Notes have been converted following such Regular Record Date.
 
(i)          The Person in whose name any Class A Ordinary Shares shall be issuable upon conversion shall become the holder of record of such shares as of the close of business on the relevant Conversion Date (if the Company elects to satisfy the related Conversion Obligation by Physical Settlement) or the last Trading Day of the relevant Observation Period (if the Company elects to satisfy the related Conversion Obligation by Combination Settlement).  Upon a conversion of Notes, such Person shall no longer be a Holder of such Notes surrendered for conversion; provided that (a) the converting Holder shall have the right to receive the Settlement Amount due upon conversion and (b) in the case of a conversion between a Regular Record Date and the corresponding Interest Payment Date, the Holder of record as of the close of business on such Regular Record Date shall have the right to receive the full amount of interest payable on such Interest Payment Date, in accordance with clause (h) above.
 
49

(j)          The Company shall not issue any fractional Class A Ordinary Shares upon conversion of the Notes and shall instead pay cash in lieu of delivering any fractional Class A Ordinary Shares issuable upon conversion based on the Daily VWAP for the relevant Conversion Date (in the case of Physical Settlement) or based on the Daily VWAP for the last Trading Day of the relevant Observation Period (in the case of Combination Settlement).  For each Note surrendered for conversion, if the Company has elected (or is deemed to have elected) Combination Settlement, the full number of shares that shall be issued upon conversion thereof shall be computed on the basis of the aggregate Daily Settlement Amounts for the relevant Observation Period and any fractional shares remaining after such computation shall be paid in cash.
 
Section 9.03         Adjustment to Class A Ordinary Shares Delivered Upon Conversion Upon a Make-Whole Fundamental Change.
 
(a)          If a Make-Whole Fundamental Change occurs prior to the Maturity Date and a Holder elects to convert its Notes (or any portion thereof) in connection with such Make-Whole Fundamental Change, the Company shall, under the circumstances described below, increase the Conversion Rate for the Notes so surrendered for conversion by a number of additional Class A Ordinary Shares (the “Additional Class A Ordinary Shares”), as described below.  A conversion of Notes shall be deemed for these purposes to be “in connection with” such Make-Whole Fundamental Change if the relevant Notice of Conversion is received by the Conversion Agent from, and including, the Effective Date of the Make-Whole Fundamental Change up to, and including, the second Business Day immediately prior to the related Fundamental Change Repurchase Date (or, in the case of a Make-Whole Fundamental Change that would have been a Fundamental Change but for the proviso in clause (b) of the definition thereof or that constitutes an Exempted Fundamental Change, the 35th Business Day immediately following the Effective Date of such Make-Whole Fundamental Change) (such period, the “Make-Whole Fundamental Change Period”). The Company will provide written notification to Holders, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) of the Effective Date of any Make-Whole Fundamental Change and publish a notice on its website or through such other public medium as the Company may use at that time announcing such Effective Date no later than five (5) Business Days after such Effective Date.
 
(b)          Upon surrender of Notes for conversion in connection with a Make-Whole Fundamental Change, the Company shall, at its option, satisfy the related Conversion Obligation by Physical Settlement, Cash Settlement or Combination Settlement in accordance with Section 9.02; provided, however, that if the consideration received by holders of Class A Ordinary Shares in exchange for such Class A Ordinary Shares in any Make-Whole Fundamental Change described in clause (b) of the definition of Fundamental Change is composed entirely of cash, for any conversion of Notes following the Effective Date of such Make-Whole Fundamental Change, the Conversion Obligation shall be calculated based solely on the Share Price for the transaction and shall be deemed to be an amount of cash per $1,000 principal amount of converted Notes equal to the Conversion Rate (including any increase to reflect the Additional Class A Ordinary Shares), multiplied by such Share Price.  In such event, the Conversion Obligation shall be determined and paid to Holders in cash on the second Business Day following the Conversion Date.
 
50

(c)          The number of Additional Class A Ordinary Shares, if any, by which the Conversion Rate shall be increased shall be determined by reference to the table in Section 9.03(e), based on the date on which the Make-Whole Fundamental Change occurs or becomes effective (the “Effective Date”) and the price paid (or deemed to be paid) per Class A Ordinary Share in the Make-Whole Fundamental Change (the “Share Price”).  If the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares receive in exchange for their Class A Ordinary Shares only cash in a Make-Whole Fundamental Change described in clause (b) of the definition of Fundamental Change, the Share Price shall be the cash amount paid per share.  Otherwise, the Share Price shall be the average of the Last Reported Sale Prices of the Class A Ordinary Shares over the five (5) consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the relevant Effective Date. The Company shall make appropriate adjustments to the Share Price, in its good faith determination, to account for any adjustment to the Conversion Rate that becomes effective, or any event requiring an adjustment to the Conversion Rate where the Ex-Dividend Date, Effective Date or expiration date of the event occurs during such five consecutive Trading Day period. In the event that a conversion in connection with a Redemption Notice would also be deemed to be in connection with a Make-Whole Fundamental Change, a Holder of the Notes to be converted shall be entitled solely to a single increase to the Conversion Rate with respect to the first to occur of the applicable Redemption Reference Date or the Effective Date of the applicable Make-Whole Fundamental Change.
 
(d)          The Share Prices set forth in the column headings of the table in Section 9.03(e) shall be adjusted as of any date on which the Conversion Rate is otherwise adjusted.  The adjusted Share Prices shall equal the Share Prices immediately prior to such adjustment, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the Conversion Rate immediately prior to the adjustment giving rise to the Share Price adjustment and the denominator of which is the Conversion Rate as so adjusted.  The number of Additional Class A Ordinary Shares in Section 9.03(e) shall be adjusted in the same manner and at the same time as the Conversion Rate as set forth in Section 9.06.
 
(e)          The following table sets forth the number of Additional Class A Ordinary Shares by which the Conversion Rate shall be increased per $1,000 principal amount of the Notes pursuant to this Section 9.03 for each Share Price and Effective Date set forth below:
 
 
Share Price
 
$6.33
 
$8.00
 
$8.55
 
$10.00
 
$12.82
 
$15.00
 
$20.00
 
$25.00
 
$30.00
 
$40.00
Effective Date
                                     
August 20, 2024
40.9571
 
28.3075
 
25.4947
 
19.8740
 
13.0874
 
9.7480
 
5.0350
 
2.4568
 
1.0123
 
0.0000
August 15, 2025
40.9571
 
25.8938
 
23.1111
 
17.7610
 
11.6357
 
8.7033
 
4.5665
 
2.2644
 
0.9483
 
0.0000
August 15, 2026
40.9571
 
22.5513
 
19.7825
 
14.7750
 
9.5484
 
7.1620
 
3.8055
 
1.9024
 
0.7917
 
0.0000
August 15, 2027
40.9571
 
18.5300
 
15.6550
 
10.9950
 
6.9259
 
5.2173
 
2.8165
 
1.4224
 
0.5830
 
0.0000
August 15, 2028
40.9571
 
13.7600
 
10.4550
 
6.2000
 
3.7598
 
2.8613
 
1.5805
 
0.8168
 
0.3323
 
0.0000
August 15, 2029
40.9571
 
7.9788
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000
 
0.0000

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The exact Share Price and Effective Date may not be set forth in the table above, in which case:
 
(i)          if the Share Price is between two Share Prices in the table above or the Effective Date is between two Effective Dates in the table above, the number of Additional Class A Ordinary Shares by which the Conversion Rate shall be increased shall be determined by a straight-line interpolation between the number of Additional Class A Ordinary Shares set forth for the higher and lower Share Prices and the earlier and later Effective Dates, as applicable, based on a 365-day year;
 
(ii)         if the Share Price is greater than $40.00 per share (subject to adjustment in the same manner as the Share Prices set forth in the column headings of the table above pursuant to subsection (d) above), no Additional Class A Ordinary Shares shall be added to the Conversion Rate; and
 
(iii)        if the Share Price is less than $6.33 per share (subject to adjustment in the same manner as the Share Prices set forth in the column headings of the table above pursuant to subsection (d) above), no Additional Class A Ordinary Shares shall be added to the Conversion Rate.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Conversion Rate per $1,000 principal amount of Notes exceed 157.9778 Class A Ordinary Shares, subject to adjustment in the same manner as the Conversion Rate pursuant to Section 9.06.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Conversion Rate is increased for Notes converted in connection with a Make-Whole Fundamental change, the Holder of such converted Notes will not receive the Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment with respect to such Notes.
 
Neither the Trustee nor any of the agents shall have any duty to monitor the accuracy of any of the calculations made by the Company which will be conclusive and binding on the Holders, absent manifest error.
 
(f)          Nothing in this Section 9.03 shall prevent an adjustment to the Conversion Rate pursuant to Section 9.06 in respect of a Make-Whole Fundamental Change; provided, however, that if the Conversion Rate is increased for Notes converted in connection with a Make-Whole Fundamental Change, the Holder of such converted Notes will not receive the Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment with respect to such Notes.
 
Section 9.04         Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion in Connection with an Optional Redemption, a Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption. If a Holder elects to convert the Notes called (or deemed called) for Redemption in connection with an Optional Redemption, a Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption, the Company will, under certain circumstances, increase the Conversion Rate for the Notes so surrendered for conversion by a number of Additional Class A Ordinary Shares as described below. The Company will settle conversions of Notes and, for the avoidance of doubt, pay Additional Amounts, if any, with respect to any such conversion.
 
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A conversion of Notes called (or deemed called) for Redemption shall be deemed to be in connection with an Optional Redemption, a Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption if such conversion occurs during the related Redemption Period. In the event that a conversion of Notes called (or deemed called) for Redemption in connection with an Optional Redemption, a Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption would also be deemed to be in connection with a Make-Whole Fundamental Change or any other Redemption, a Holder of the Notes to be converted will be entitled to a single increase to the Conversion Rate with respect to the first to occur of the applicable Redemption Notice and the Effective Date of the applicable Make-Whole Fundamental Change, and the later event will be deemed not to have occurred for purposes of Section 9.03 or this Section 9.04, as applicable.
 
For the avoidance of doubt, if the Company issues a Redemption Notice in connection with an Optional Redemption, the Company will increase the Conversion Rate during the related Redemption Period only with respect to conversions of Notes called (or deemed called) for Redemption. Accordingly, if the Company elects to Redeem fewer than all of the outstanding Notes in connection with an Optional Redemption, Holders will not be entitled to convert the Notes that are neither called for Redemption nor deemed to be called for Redemption on account of the Redemption Notice and will not be entitled to an increased Conversion Rate for conversions of such Notes on account of the Redemption Notice during the related Redemption Period, even if such Notes are otherwise convertible.
 
The number of Additional Class A Ordinary Shares by which the Conversion Rate will be increased in the event of conversion of Notes called for Redemption in connection with an Optional Redemption, a Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption will be determined by reference to the table in Section 9.03(e), based on the Redemption Reference Date and the Redemption Reference Price, but determined for purposes of this Section 9.04 as if (x) the Holder had elected to convert its Notes called for Redemption in connection with a Make-Whole Fundamental Change, (y) the applicable Redemption Reference Date were the “Effective Date” and (z) the applicable Redemption Reference Price were the Share Price (and subject, for the avoidance of doubt, to the two paragraphs immediately following such table).
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Conversion Rate is increased for Notes converted in connection with a Cleanup Redemption or Tax Redemption, then the Holder of such converted Notes will not receive the Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment with respect to such Notes.
 
Neither the Trustee nor any of the agents shall have any duty to monitor the accuracy of any of the calculations made by the Company which will be conclusive and binding on the Holders, absent manifest error.
 
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Section 9.05         Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment.  For any Conversion Date that occurs on or after the date that is six months after the last date of original issuance of the Notes but prior to the close of business on August 1, 2027 (other than a conversion in connection with a Make-Whole Fundamental Change, Cleanup Redemption or Tax Redemption), the Company shall increase the Conversion Rate per $1,000 principal amount of Notes to be converted by a number of additional Class A Ordinary Shares (such increase, an “Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment”) equal to (i) the sum of the remaining scheduled payments of interest that would have been made on $1,000 principal amount of the Notes to be converted had such Notes remained outstanding from the Conversion Date through August 15, 2027, divided by (ii) the greater of (x) the Conversion Price as of the applicable Conversion Date and (y) the simple average of the Daily VWAP for the ten (10) consecutive Trading Days ending on and including the Trading Day immediately preceding such Conversion Date.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Conversion Date occurs after the close of business on a Regular Record Date but prior to the open of business on the Interest Payment Date corresponding to such Regular Record Date, the Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment shall be reduced by an amount per $1,000 principal amount of Notes to be converted equal to (i) the scheduled payment of interest that would have been made on $1,000 principal amount of the Notes to be converted on such Interest Payment Date, divided by (ii) the greater of (x) the Conversion Price as of the applicable Conversion Date and (y) the simple average of the Daily VWAP for the ten (10) consecutive Trading Days ending on and including the Trading Day immediately preceding such Conversion Date.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if in connection with a conversion of Notes, the conversion rate is adjusted in connection with a Make-Whole Fundamental Change, Optional Redemption, Cleanup Redemption or Tax Redemption, then such converting Holder will not receive the Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment with respect to such Notes. None of the Trustee, paying agent or Conversion Agent shall be responsible for determining or calculating the Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment. Holders who convert their notes on or after the close of business on August 1, 2027 will not receive any Interest Make-Whole Conversion Rate Adjustment with respect to such Notes.
 
The Company will not be required to make any cash payments in lieu of any fractional share or have any further obligation to deliver any Class A Ordinary Shares or pay any cash in excess of the threshold described above.
 
Section 9.06         Adjustment of Conversion Rate.  The Conversion Rate shall be adjusted from time to time by the Company if any of the following events occurs, except that the Company shall not make any adjustments to the Conversion Rate if Holders participate (other than in the case of (x) a share split or share combination or (y) a tender or exchange offer), at the same time and upon the same terms as holders of the Class A Ordinary Shares and solely as a result of holding the Notes, in any of the transactions described in this Section 9.06, without having to convert their Notes as if they held a number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the Conversion Rate, multiplied by the principal amount (expressed in thousands) of Notes held by such Holder. Neither the Trustee nor the Conversion Agent shall have any responsibility to monitor the accuracy of any calculation of any adjustment to the Conversion Rate and the same shall be conclusive and binding on the Holders, absent manifest error. Notice of such adjustment to the Conversion Rate will be given by the Company promptly in writing to the Holders, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) and shall be conclusive and binding on the Holders, absent manifest error.
 
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(a)          If the Company exclusively issues Class A Ordinary Shares as a dividend or distribution on Class A Ordinary Shares, or if the Company effects a share split or share combination, the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted based on the following formula:
 
 
where,
 
CR0 = the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date of such dividend or distribution, or immediately prior to the open of business on the Effective Date of such share split or share combination, as applicable;
 
CR1 = the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date or Effective Date, as applicable;
 
OS0 =
the number of Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date or Effective Date, as applicable (before giving effect to any such dividend, distribution, split or combination); and
 
OS1 =
the number of Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding immediately after giving effect to such dividend, distribution, share split or share combination.
 
Any adjustment made under this Section 9.06(a) shall become effective immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution, or immediately after the open of business on the Effective Date for such share split or share combination, as applicable.  If any dividend or distribution of the type described in this Section 9.06(a) is declared but not so paid or made, the Conversion Rate shall be immediately readjusted, effective as of the date the Board of Directors determines not to pay such dividend or distribution, to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared.
 
(b)          If the Company distributes to all or substantially all holders of Class A Ordinary Shares any rights, options or warrants (other than in connection with a shareholder rights plan) entitling them, for a period of not more than forty-five (45) calendar days after the announcement date of such issuance, to subscribe for or purchase Class A Ordinary Shares at a price per share that is less than the average of the Last Reported Sale Prices of the Class A Ordinary Shares, for the ten (10) consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of announcement of such distribution, the Conversion Rate shall be increased based on the following formula:
 
 
55

where,
 
CR0 =
the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution;
 
CR1 =
the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date;
 
OS0 = the number of Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date;
 
X           =
the total number of Class A Ordinary Shares deliverable pursuant to such rights, options or warrants; and
 
Y           = the number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the aggregate price payable to exercise such rights, options or warrants, divided by the average of the Last Reported Sale Prices of the Class A Ordinary Shares over the ten (10) consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of announcement of the distribution of such rights, options or warrants.
 
Any increase made under this Section 9.06(b) shall be made successively whenever any such rights, options or warrants are distributed and shall become effective immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution.  To the extent that Class A Ordinary Shares are not delivered after the expiration of such rights, options or warrants, the Conversion Rate shall be decreased to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect had the increase with respect to the distribution of such rights, options or warrants been made on the basis of delivery of only the number of Class A Ordinary Shares actually delivered.  To the extent such rights, options or warrants are not so distributed, the Conversion Rate shall be decreased to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect had the adjustment been made on the basis of only the distribution, if any, actually made.
 
For the purpose of this Section 9.06(b) and for the purpose of Section 9.01(b)(i), in determining whether any rights, options or warrants entitle the holders to subscribe for or purchase Class A Ordinary Shares at a price per Class A Ordinary Share that is less than such average of the Last Reported Sale Prices of the Class A Ordinary Shares for the ten (10) consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of announcement of such issuance, and in determining the aggregate offering price of such Class A Ordinary Shares, there shall be taken into account any consideration received by the Company for such rights, options or warrants and any amount payable on exercise or conversion thereof, the value of such consideration, if other than cash, to be determined by the Company in good faith.
 
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(c)          If the Company distributes its Capital Shares, evidences of its indebtedness, other assets or property of the Company or rights, options or warrants to acquire its Capital Shares or other securities, to all or substantially all holders of Class A Ordinary Shares, excluding (i) dividends, distributions or issuances (including share splits) as to which an adjustment was effected (or would have been effected but for the 1% exception) pursuant to Section 9.06(a) or Section 9.06(b), (ii) except as otherwise provided below, rights issued pursuant to any shareholder rights plan of the Company then in effect, (iii) distributions of Reference Property issued in exchange for, or upon conversion of, Class A Ordinary Shares pursuant to Section 9.09, (iv) dividends or distributions paid exclusively in cash as to which an adjustment was effected pursuant to Section 9.06(d) shall apply, and (v) Spin-Offs as to which the provisions set forth below in this Section 9.06(c) shall apply (any of such Capital Shares, evidences of indebtedness, other assets or property or rights, options or warrants to acquire Capital Shares or other securities, the “Distributed Property”), then the Conversion Rate shall be increased based on the following formula:
 
 
where,
 
CR0 = the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution;
 
CR1 =
the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date;
 
SP0 =
the average of the Last Reported Sale Prices of the Class A Ordinary Shares over the 10 consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution; and
 
FMV 
=
the fair market value (as determined by the Company in good faith) of the Distributed Property distributed with respect to each outstanding Class A Ordinary Share on the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution.
 
Any increase made under the portion of this Section 9.06(c) above shall become effective immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such distribution.  To the extent such distribution is not so paid or made, the Conversion Rate shall be decreased to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect had the adjustment been made on the basis of only the distribution, if any, actually made or paid.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if “FMV” (as defined above) is equal to or greater than “SP0” (as defined above), in lieu of the foregoing increase, each Holder of a Note shall receive, in respect of each $1,000 principal amount thereof, at the same time and upon the same terms as holders of the Class A Ordinary Shares receive the Distributed Property without having to convert its Notes, the amount and kind of Distributed Property such Holder would have received if such Holder owned a number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the Conversion Rate in effect on the Ex-Dividend Date for the distribution.  If the Company determines the “FMV” (as defined above) of any distribution for purposes of this Section 9.06(c) by reference to the actual or when-issued trading market for any securities, it shall in doing so consider the prices in such market over the same period used in computing “SP0.”
 
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With respect to an adjustment pursuant to this Section 9.06(c) where there has been a payment of a dividend or other distribution on the Class A Ordinary Shares or Capital Shares of any class or series, or similar equity interest, of or relating to a Subsidiary or other business unit of the Company, that are, or, when issued, will be, listed or admitted for trading on a U.S. national securities exchange (a “Spin-Off”), the Conversion Rate shall be increased based on the following formula:
 
 
where,
 
CR0 =
the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the end of the Valuation Period;
 
CR1 =
the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the end of the Valuation Period;
 
FMV0 =
the average of the Last Reported Sale Prices of the Capital Shares or similar equity interest distributed to holders of the Class A Ordinary Shares applicable to one Class A Ordinary Share (determined by reference to the definition of Last Reported Sale Price as set forth in Section 1.01 as if references therein to Class A Ordinary Shares were to such Capital Shares or similar equity interest) over the first ten (10) consecutive Trading Day period after, and including, the Ex-Dividend Date of the Spin-Off (the “Valuation Period”); and
 
MP0 =
the average of the Last Reported Sale Prices of the Class A Ordinary Shares over the Valuation Period.
 
The increase to the Conversion Rate under the preceding paragraph shall occur at the close of business on the last Trading Day of the Valuation Period; provided that (x) in respect of any conversion of Notes for which Physical Settlement is applicable, if the relevant Conversion Date occurs during the Valuation Period, the references to “10” in the preceding paragraph shall be deemed to be replaced with such lesser number of Trading Days as have elapsed from, and including, the Ex-Dividend Date of such Spin-Off to, and including, such Conversion Date in determining the Conversion Rate and (y) in respect of any conversion of the Notes for which Cash Settlement or Combination Settlement is applicable, for any Trading Day that falls within the relevant Observation Period for such conversion and within the Valuation Period, the references to “10” in the preceding paragraph shall be deemed replaced with such lesser number of Trading Days as have elapsed from, and including, the Ex-Dividend Date for such Spin-Off to, and including, such Trading Day in determining the Conversion Rate as of such Trading Day.  If the dividend or other distribution constituting a Spin-Off is declared but not so paid or made, the Conversion Rate shall be decreased, effective as of the date the Board of Directors determines not to make or pay such dividend or other distribution, to the Conversion Rate that would be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared or announced.
 
58

For purposes of this Section 9.06(c) (and subject in all respects to Section 9.13), rights, options or warrants distributed by the Company to all holders of Class A Ordinary Shares entitling them to subscribe for or purchase the Company’s Capital Shares, including Class A Ordinary Shares (either initially or under certain circumstances), which rights, options or warrants, until the occurrence of a specified event or events (“Trigger Event”): (i) are deemed to be transferred with such Class A Ordinary Shares; (ii) are not exercisable; and (iii) are also issued in respect of future issuances of Class A Ordinary Shares, shall be deemed not to have been distributed for purposes of this Section 9.06(c) (and no adjustment to the Conversion Rate under this Section 9.06(c) will be required) until the occurrence of the earliest Trigger Event, whereupon such rights, options or warrants shall be deemed to have been distributed and an appropriate adjustment (if any is required) to the Conversion Rate shall be made under this Section 9.06(c).  If any such right, option or warrant, including any such existing rights, options or warrants distributed prior to the date of this Supplemental Indenture, are subject to events, upon the occurrence of which such rights, options or warrants become exercisable to purchase different securities, evidences of indebtedness or other assets, then the date of the occurrence of any and each such event shall be deemed to be the date of distribution and Ex-Dividend Date with respect to new rights, options or warrants with such rights (in which case the existing rights, options or warrants shall be deemed to terminate and expire on such date without exercise by any of the holders thereof).  In addition, in the event of any distribution (or deemed distribution) of rights, options or warrants, or any Trigger Event or other event (of the type described in the immediately preceding sentence) with respect thereto that was counted for purposes of calculating a distribution amount for which an adjustment to the Conversion Rate under this Section 9.06(c) was made, (1) in the case of any such rights, options or warrants that shall all have been redeemed or purchased without exercise by any holders thereof, upon such final redemption or purchase (x) the Conversion Rate shall be readjusted as if such rights, options or warrants had not been issued and (y) the Conversion Rate shall then again be readjusted to give effect to such distribution, deemed distribution or Trigger Event, as the case may be, as though it were a cash distribution, equal to the per share redemption or purchase price received by a holder or holders of Class A Ordinary Shares with respect to such rights, options or warrants (assuming such holder had retained such rights, options or warrants), made to all holders of Class A Ordinary Shares of the date of such redemption or purchase, and (2) in the case of such rights, options or warrants that shall have expired or been terminated without exercise by any holders thereof, the Conversion Rate shall be readjusted as if such rights, options and warrants had not been issued.
 
For purposes of Section 9.06(a), Section 9.06(b) and this Section 9.06(c), if any dividend or distribution to which this Section 9.06(c) is applicable also includes one or both of:
 
(A)         a dividend or distribution of Class A Ordinary Shares to which Section 9.06(a) is applicable (the “Clause A Distribution”); or
 
(B)         a dividend or distribution of rights, options or warrants to which Section 9.06(b) is applicable (the “Clause B Distribution”),
 
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then, in either case, (1) such dividend or distribution, other than the Clause A Distribution and the Clause B Distribution, shall be deemed to be a dividend or distribution to which this Section 9.06(c) is applicable (the “Clause C Distribution”) and any Conversion Rate adjustment required by this Section 9.06(c) with respect to such Clause C Distribution shall then be made, and (2) the Clause A Distribution and Clause B Distribution shall be deemed to immediately follow the Clause C Distribution and any Conversion Rate adjustment required by Section 9.06(a) and Section 9.06(b) with respect thereto shall then be made, except that, if determined by the Company (I) the “Ex-Dividend Date” of the Clause A Distribution and the Clause B Distribution shall be deemed to be the Ex-Dividend Date of the Clause C Distribution and (II) any Class A Ordinary Shares included in the Clause A Distribution or Clause B Distribution shall be deemed not to be “outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date or Effective Date” within the meaning of Section 9.06(a) or “outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date” within the meaning of Section 9.06(b).
 
(d)          If the Company makes any cash dividend or distribution to all or substantially all holders of the shares of the Class A Ordinary Shares, the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted based on the following formula:
 
 
where,
 
CR0 =
the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution;
 
CR1 =
the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on such Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution;
 
SP0 =
the Last Reported Sale Price of the Class A Ordinary Shares on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution; and
 
C = the amount in cash per Class A Ordinary Share the Company distributes to all or substantially all holders of the Class A Ordinary Shares.
 
Any increase made pursuant to this Section 9.06(d) shall become effective immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution.  To the extent such dividend or distribution is not so paid, the Conversion Rate shall be decreased, effective as of the date the Board of Directors determines not to make or pay such dividend or distribution, to be the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect had the adjustment been made on the basis of only the dividend or distribution, if any, actually made or paid.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if “C” (as defined above) is equal to or greater than “SP0” (as defined above), in lieu of the foregoing increase, each Holder of a Note shall receive, for each $1,000 principal amount of Notes, at the same time and upon the same terms as holders of Class A Ordinary Shares without having to convert its Notes, the amount of cash that such Holder would have received if such Holder owned a number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the Conversion Rate on the Ex-Dividend Date for such cash dividend or distribution.
 
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(e)          If the Company or any of its Subsidiaries make a payment in respect of a tender or exchange offer for Class A Ordinary Shares that is subject to the then-applicable tender offer rules under the Exchange Act (other than any odd-lot tender offer), to the extent that the cash and value of any other consideration included in the payment per Class A Ordinary Share exceeds the average of the Last Reported Sale Prices of the Class A Ordinary Shares over the ten (10) consecutive Trading Day period commencing on, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires, the Conversion Rate shall be increased based on the following formula:
 
 
where,
 
CR0 = the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the close of business on the 10th Trading Day immediately following, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires (the “Expiration Date”);
 
CR1 = the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the close of business on the 10th Trading Day immediately following, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the Expiration Date;
 
AC
=
the aggregate value of all cash and any other consideration (as determined by the  Board of Directors) paid or payable for Class A Ordinary Shares purchased in such tender or exchange offer;
 
OS0 = the number of Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Expiration Date (prior to giving effect to the purchase of all Class A Ordinary Shares accepted for purchase or exchange in such tender or exchange offer);
 
OS1 = the number of Class A Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding immediately after the Expiration Date (after giving effect to the purchase of all Class A Ordinary Shares accepted for purchase or exchange in such tender or exchange offer); and
 
SP1 = the average of the Last Reported Sale Prices of the Class A Ordinary Shares over the ten (10) consecutive Trading Day period commencing on, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the Expiration Date.
 
The increase to the Conversion Rate under this Section 9.06(e) shall occur at the close of business on the 10th Trading Day immediately following, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the Expiration Date; provided that (x) in respect of any conversion of Notes for which Physical Settlement is applicable, if the relevant Conversion Date occurs during the 10 Trading Days immediately following, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the Expiration Date, references to “10” or “10th” in the preceding paragraph shall be deemed replaced with such lesser number of Trading Days as have elapsed from, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding such Expiration Date to, and including, such Conversion Date in determining the Conversion Rate and (y) in respect of any conversion of Notes for which Cash Settlement or Combination Settlement is applicable, for any Trading Day that falls within the relevant Observation Period for such conversion and within the 10 Trading Days immediately following, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding any Expiration Date, references to “10” or “10th” in the preceding paragraph shall be deemed replaced with such lesser number of Trading Days as have elapsed from, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding such Expiration Date of such tender or exchange offer to, and including, such Trading Day in determining the Conversion Rate as of such Trading Day.
 
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To the extent such tender or exchange offer is announced but not consummated (including as a result of the Company being precluded from consummating such tender or exchange offer under applicable law) or all any purchases or exchanges of Class A Ordinary Shares in such tender or exchange offer are rescinded, the applicable Conversion Rate will be readjusted to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect had the adjustment been made on the basis of only the purchases or exchanges of the Class A Ordinary Shares, if any, actually made, and not rescinded, in such tender or exchange offer.
 
(f)          Notwithstanding this Section 9.06 or any other provision of the Indenture or the Notes, if a Conversion Rate adjustment becomes effective on any Ex-Dividend Date, and a Holder that has converted its Notes on or after such Ex-Dividend Date and on or prior to the related Record Date would be treated as the record holder of Class A Ordinary Shares as of the related Conversion Date as described under Section 9.02(i) based on an adjusted Conversion Rate for such Ex-Dividend Date, then, notwithstanding the Conversion Rate adjustment provisions in this Section 9.06, the Conversion Rate adjustment relating to such Ex-Dividend Date shall not be made for such converting Holder.  Instead, such Holder shall be treated as if such Holder were the record owner of Class A Ordinary Shares on an unadjusted basis and participate in the related dividend, distribution or other event giving rise to such adjustment.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company will not be required to adjust the Conversion Rate unless such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least one percent (1%); provided, however, that any such minor adjustments that are not required to be made will be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment, and provided, further, that any such adjustment of less than one percent (1%) that has not been made shall be made upon the occurrence of (i) the Effective Date for any Fundamental Change or Make-Whole Fundamental Change and (ii) in the case of any Note to which Physical Settlement applies, the relevant Conversion Date, and, in the case of any Note to which Cash Settlement or Combination Settlement applies, each Trading Day of the applicable Observation Period. In addition, the Company shall not account for such deferrals when determining what number of Class A Ordinary Shares a Holder would have held on a given day had it converted its Notes (collectively, the “1% exception”).
 
(g)          Except as stated herein, the Company shall not adjust the Conversion Rate for the issuance of Class A Ordinary Shares or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for Class A Ordinary Shares or the right to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares or such convertible or exchangeable securities.
 
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(h)          In addition to those adjustments required by clauses (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) of this Section 9.06, and to the extent permitted by applicable law and subject to the applicable rules of the Nasdaq Capital Market and any other securities exchange on which any securities of the Company are then listed, the Company may increase the Conversion Rate by any amount for a period of at least twenty (20) Business Days if the Company determines that such increase would be in the Company’s best interest, and the Company may (but is not required to) increase the Conversion Rate to avoid or diminish any income tax to holders of Class A Ordinary Shares or rights to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares in connection with a dividend or distribution of Class A Ordinary Shares (or rights to acquire Class A Ordinary Shares) or similar event.  Whenever the Conversion Rate is increased pursuant to either of the preceding two sentences, the Company shall deliver to the Holder of each Note, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) a notice of the increase at least fifteen (15) days prior to the date the increased Conversion Rate takes effect, and such notice shall state the increased Conversion Rate and the period during which it will be in effect.
 
(i)          Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article 9, the Conversion Rate shall not be adjusted:
 
(i)          upon the issuance of Class A Ordinary Shares at a price below the Conversion Price or otherwise, other than any such issuance described in Section 9.06(a), Section 9.06(b), Section 9.06(c) or Section 9.06(e);
 
(ii)         upon the issuance of any Class A Ordinary Shares pursuant to any present or future plan providing for the reinvestment of dividends or interest payable on the Company’s securities and the investment of additional optional amounts in Class A Ordinary Shares under any plan;
 
(iii)        upon the issuance of any Class A Ordinary Shares or options or rights to purchase those shares pursuant to any present or future employee, director or consultant benefit plan or program (including pursuant to any evergreen plan) of or assumed by the Company or any of the Company’s Subsidiaries;
 
(iv)        upon the repurchase of any Class A Ordinary Shares pursuant to an open-market share repurchase program or other buyback transaction that is not a tender offer or exchange offer of the nature described in Section 9.06(e);
 
(v)         for a third-party tender offer by any party other than a tender offer by one or more of the Company’s Subsidiaries as described in Section 9.06(e);
 
(vi)        upon the issuance of any Class A Ordinary Shares pursuant any option, warrant, right or exercisable, exchangeable or convertible security not described in clause (iii) of this subsection and outstanding as of the date the Notes were first issued;
 
(vii)       solely for a change in the par value (or lack of par value) of the Class A Ordinary Shares; or
 
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(viii)     for accrued and unpaid interest, if any.
 
(j)          All calculations and other determinations under this Article 9 shall be made by the Company and all calculations of the Conversion Rate shall be made to the nearest one-ten thousandth (1/10,000th) of a share.
 
(k)          Whenever the Conversion Rate is adjusted as herein provided, the Company shall promptly file with the Trustee (and the Conversion Agent if not the Trustee) an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the Conversion Rate after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.  Unless and until a Responsible Officer shall have received such Officer’s Certificate, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any adjustment of the Conversion Rate and may assume without inquiry that the last Conversion Rate of which it has knowledge is still in effect.  Promptly after delivery of such certificate, the Company shall prepare a notice of such adjustment of the Conversion Rate setting forth the adjusted Conversion Rate and the date on which each adjustment becomes effective and shall deliver such notice of such adjustment of the Conversion Rate to each Holder.  Failure to deliver such notice shall not affect the legality or validity of any such adjustment and for the avoidance of doubt, neither the Trustee nor the Conversion Agent shall have any liability or responsibility for the Conversion Rate, the calculation thereof or application thereof.
 
(l)          For purposes of this Section 9.06, the number of Class A Ordinary Shares at any time outstanding shall not include Class A Ordinary Shares held in the treasury of the Company so long as the Company does not pay any dividend or make any distribution on the Class A Ordinary Shares held in the treasury of the Company, but shall include Class A Ordinary Shares issuable in respect of scrip certificates issued in lieu of fractions of Class A Ordinary Shares.
 
Section 9.07         Adjustments of PricesWhenever any provision of the Indenture requires the Company to calculate the Last Reported Sale Prices, the Daily VWAPs, the Daily Conversion Values or the Daily Settlement Amounts, the Share Price for purposes of a Make-Whole Fundamental Change or the Redemption Reference Price for purposes of an Optional Redemption, a Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption over a span of multiple days, the Company shall make appropriate adjustments in good faith and in a commercially reasonable manner to each to account for any adjustment to the Conversion Rate that becomes effective, or any event requiring an adjustment to the Conversion Rate where the Ex-Dividend Date, Effective Date or Expiration Date, as the case may be, of the event occurs, at any time during the period when such Last Reported Sale Prices, the Daily VWAPs, the Daily Conversion Values or the Daily Settlement Amounts or Share Prices are to be calculated.
 
Section 9.08         Shares To Be Fully Paid.  The Company shall provide, free from preemptive rights, out of its authorized but unissued shares or shares held in treasury, sufficient Class A Ordinary Shares to provide for conversion of the Notes from time to time as such Notes are presented for conversion (assuming delivery of the maximum number of Additional Class A Ordinary Shares pursuant to Section 9.03 and that at the time of computation of such number of shares, all such Notes would be converted by a single Holder and that Physical Settlement were applicable).
 
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Section 9.09          Effect of Recapitalizations, Reclassifications and Changes of the Class A Ordinary Shares.
 
(a)          In the case of:
 
(i)          any recapitalization, reclassification or change of the Class A Ordinary Shares (other than a change in par value, or from par value to no par value, or changes resulting from a subdivision or combination),
 
(ii)         any consolidation, merger, combination or similar transaction involving the Company,
 
(iii)        any sale, lease or other transfer to a third party of the consolidated assets of the Company and the Company’s Subsidiaries substantially as an entirety or
 
(iv)        any statutory share exchange,
 
in each case, as a result of which the Class A Ordinary Shares would be converted into, or exchanged for, stock, other securities, other property or assets (including cash or any combination thereof) (any such event, a “Share Exchange Event”), then, the Company, or the successor or purchasing company, as the case may be, will execute with the Trustee a supplemental indenture providing that, at and after the effective time of such Share Exchange Event, the right to convert each $1,000 principal amount of Notes shall be changed into a right to convert such principal amount of Notes into the kind and amount of shares of stock, other securities or other property or assets (including cash or any combination thereof) that a holder of a number of Class A Ordinary Shares equal to the Conversion Rate immediately prior to such Share Exchange Event would have owned or been entitled to receive (the “Reference Property,” with each “unit of Reference Property” meaning the kind and amount of Reference Property that a holder of one Class A Ordinary Share would have been entitled to receive) upon such Share Exchange Event; provided, however, that at and after the effective time of the Share Exchange Event (A) the Company, or the successor or purchasing company, as the case may be, shall continue to have the right to determine the form of consideration to be paid or delivered, as the case may be, upon conversion of Notes in accordance with Section 9.02 and (B) (I) any amount payable in cash upon conversion of the Notes in accordance with Section 9.02 shall continue to be payable in cash, (II) any Class A Ordinary Shares that the Company would have been required to deliver upon conversion of the Notes in accordance with Section 9.02 shall instead be deliverable in the amount and type of Reference Property that a holder of that number of Class A Ordinary Shares would have been entitled to receive in such Share Exchange Event and (III) the Daily VWAP shall be calculated based on the value of a unit of Reference Property that a holder of one Class A Ordinary Share would have received in such Share Exchange Event.
 
If the Share Exchange Event causes the Class A Ordinary Shares to be converted into, or exchanged for, the right to receive more than a single type of consideration (determined based in part upon any form of shareholder election), then (i) the Reference Property into which the Notes will be convertible shall be deemed to be the weighted average of the types and amounts of consideration actually received by the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares.  The Company shall notify Holders, the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) in writing of such weighted average as soon as practicable after such determination is made.
 
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If the Reference Property in respect of any such Share Exchange Event includes, in whole or in part, shares of Common Equity or depositary receipts (or other interests) in respect thereof, the supplemental indenture providing that the Notes will be convertible into Reference Property will also provide for anti-dilution and other adjustments that shall be as nearly equivalent as practicable to the adjustments provided for in this Article 9 (it being understood that no such adjustments shall be required with respect to any portion of the Reference Property that does not consist of shares of Common Equity (however evidenced) or depositary receipts (or other interests) in respect thereof).  If the Reference Property in respect of any Share Exchange Event includes shares of stock, securities or other property or assets (other than cash and/or cash equivalents) of a company other than the Company or the successor or purchasing company, as the case may be, in such Share Exchange Event, then such other company, if an Affiliate of the Company or the successor or acquiring company, shall also execute such supplemental indenture, and such supplemental indenture shall contain such additional provisions to protect the interests of the Holders, including the right of Holders to require the Company to repurchase their Notes upon a Fundamental Change pursuant to Section 10.01, as the Company in good faith reasonably considers necessary by reason of the foregoing.
 
(b)          Promptly following execution by the Company of a supplemental indenture pursuant to subsection (a) of this Section 9.09, the Company shall file with the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate briefly stating the reasons therefor, the kind or amount of cash, securities or property or asset that will comprise a unit of Reference Property after any such Share Exchange Event, any adjustment to be made with respect thereto and that all conditions precedent have been complied with, and shall promptly deliver notice thereof to all Holders.  The Company shall cause notice of the execution of such supplemental indenture to be delivered to each Holder, within twenty days after execution thereof.  Failure to deliver such notice shall not affect the legality or validity of such supplemental indenture.
 
(c)          The Company shall not become a party to any Share Exchange Event unless its terms are consistent with this Section 9.09.  None of the foregoing provisions shall affect the right of a Holder to convert its Notes into cash, Class A Ordinary Shares or a combination of cash and Class A Ordinary Shares, as applicable, as set forth in Section 9.01 and Section 9.02 prior to the effective date of such Share Exchange Event.
 
(d)          The above provisions of this Section 9.09 shall similarly apply to successive Share Exchange Events.
 
Section 9.10         Certain Covenants.
 
(a)          The Company covenants that all Class A Ordinary Shares issued upon conversion of Notes will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Company and free from all taxes, liens and charges with respect to the issue thereof.
 
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(b)          The Company covenants that, if any Class A Ordinary Shares to be provided for the purpose of conversion of Notes hereunder require registration with or approval of any governmental authority under any federal or state law before such Class A Ordinary Shares may be validly issued upon conversion, the Company will, to the extent then permitted by the rules and interpretations of the Commission, secure such registration or approval, as the case may be.
 
(c)          The Company further covenants that if at any time the Class A Ordinary Shares shall be listed on any national securities exchange or automated quotation system the Company will list and keep listed, so long as the Class A Ordinary Shares shall be so listed on such exchange or automated quotation system, any Class A Ordinary Shares issuable upon conversion of the Notes.
 
Section 9.11         Responsibility of Trustee.  The Trustee and any other Conversion Agent shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Holder to determine the Conversion Rate (or any adjustment thereto) or whether any facts exist that may require any adjustment (including any increase) of the Conversion Rate, or with respect to the nature or extent or calculation of any such adjustment when made, or with respect to the method employed, or herein or in any supplemental indenture provided to be employed, in making the same.  The Trustee and any other Conversion Agent shall not be accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or amount) of any Class A Ordinary Shares, or of any securities, property or cash that may at any time be issued or delivered upon the conversion of any Note; and the Trustee and any other Conversion Agent make no representations with respect thereto.  Neither the Trustee nor any Conversion Agent shall be responsible for any failure of the Company to issue, transfer or deliver any Class A Ordinary Shares or stock certificates or other securities or property or cash upon the surrender of any Note for the purpose of conversion or to comply with any of the duties, responsibilities or covenants of the Company contained in this Article.  Neither the Trustee nor any other Conversion Agent shall have any duty or responsibility whatsoever to determine compliance with the conversion procedures, or to make or confirm any calculations with respect to the settlement provisions, of Section 9.02. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, neither the Trustee nor any Conversion Agent shall be under any responsibility to determine the correctness of any provisions contained in any supplemental indenture entered into pursuant to Section 9.09 relating either to the kind or amount of shares of stock or securities or property (including cash) receivable by Holders upon the conversion of their Notes after any event referred to in such Section 9.09 or to any adjustment to be made with respect thereto, but, subject to the provisions of Section 7.01 of the Base Indenture, may accept (without any independent investigation) as conclusive evidence of the correctness of any such provisions, and shall be protected in relying upon, the Officer’s Certificate (which the Company shall be obligated to file with the Trustee prior to the execution of any such supplemental indenture) with respect thereto.  Neither the Trustee nor the Conversion Agent shall be responsible for determining whether any event contemplated by Section 9.01(b) has occurred that makes the Notes eligible for conversion or no longer eligible therefor until the Company has delivered to the Trustee and the Conversion Agent the notices referred to in Section 9.01(b) with respect to the commencement or termination of such conversion rights, on which notices the Trustee and the Conversion Agent may conclusively rely, and the Company agrees to deliver such notices to the Trustee and the Conversion Agent immediately after the occurrence of any such event or at such other times as shall be provided for in Section 9.01(b). The rights, benefits and privileges of the Trustee set forth in the Base Indenture shall be applicable to the Conversion Agent, and the provisions set forth in Section 7.01 of the Base Indenture relating to the Trustee shall apply to the Conversion Agent.
 
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Section 9.12         Notice to Holders Prior to Certain Actions.  In case of any:
 
(a)          action by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries that would require an adjustment in the Conversion Rate pursuant to Section 9.06 or Section 9.13;
 
(b)          Share Exchange Event; or
 
(c)          voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding-up of the Company;
 
then, in each case (unless notice of such event is otherwise required pursuant to another provision of the Indenture, in which case the timing and delivery requirements of such provision shall supersede this Section 9.12 or when the Company otherwise provides public notice of such event), the Company shall cause to be filed with the Trustee and the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) and to be delivered to each Holder, as promptly as possible but in any event at least 10 days prior to the applicable date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (i) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such action by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries or, if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of Class A Ordinary Shares of record are to be determined for the purposes of such action by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries, or (ii) the date on which such Share Exchange Event, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up is expected to become effective or occur, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of Class A Ordinary Shares of record shall be entitled to exchange their Class A Ordinary Shares for securities or other property deliverable upon such dissolution, liquidation or winding-up.  Failure to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of such action by the Company or one of its Subsidiaries, Share Exchange Event, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up; provided, however, that the Company may delay the delivery of any such notice required under this Section 9.12 to the effective date of such event if the Company in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of the Company and does not adversely affect the rights of any Holder in any material respect.
 
Section 9.13         Shareholder Rights Plans.  If the Company has a shareholder rights plan in effect upon conversion of the Notes, each Class A Ordinary Shares, if any, issued upon such conversion shall be entitled to receive the appropriate number of rights, if any, and the certificates representing the Class A Ordinary Shares issued upon such conversion shall bear such legends, if any, in each case as may be provided by the terms of any such shareholder rights plan, as the same may be amended from time to time. However, if, prior to any conversion of Notes, the rights have separated from the Class A Ordinary Shares in accordance with the provisions of the applicable shareholder rights plan, the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted at the time of separation as if the Company distributed to all holders of the Distributed Property as provided in Section 9.06(c), subject to readjustment in the event of the expiration, termination or redemption of such rights.
 
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Section 9.14         Exchange in Lieu of Conversion.
 
(a)          When a Holder surrenders its Notes for conversion, the Company may, at its election (an “Exchange Election”), direct the Conversion Agent to deliver, on or prior to the Business Day immediately following the Conversion Date, such Notes to one or more financial institutions designated by the Company for exchange in lieu of conversion. In order to accept any Notes surrendered for conversion, the designated financial institution(s) must agree to timely pay or deliver, as the case may be, in exchange for such Notes, cash, Class A Ordinary Shares or a combination of cash and Class A Ordinary Shares, at the Company’s election, that would otherwise be due upon conversion as described under Section 9.02, or such other amount agreed to by the Holder and the designated financial institution(s). If the Company makes an Exchange Election, it shall, by the close of business on the Business Day following the relevant Conversion Date, notify in writing the Trustee, the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) and the Holder surrendering its Notes for conversion that the Company has made such Exchange Election and notify the designated financial institution(s) of the relevant deadline for payment or delivery, as the case may be, of the conversion consideration and the type of conversion consideration to be paid and/or delivered, as the case may be.
 
(b)          Any Notes delivered to the designated financial institution(s) shall remain outstanding, subject to the Applicable Procedures. If the designated financial institution(s) agree(s) to accept any Notes for exchange but does not timely pay and/or deliver, as the case may be, the related conversion consideration, or if such designated financial institution(s) does not accept the Notes for exchange, the Company shall pay and/or deliver, as the case may be, the relevant consideration due in respect of the Conversion Obligation, as, and at the time, required pursuant to the Indenture as if the Company had not made an Exchange Election.
 
(c)          The Company’s designation of any financial institution(s) to which the Notes may be submitted for exchange in lieu of conversion does not require such financial institution(s) to accept any Notes.
 
ARTICLE 10
Repurchase of Notes at Option of Holders
 
Section 10.01       Repurchase at Option of Holders Upon a Fundamental Change.
 
(a)          If a Fundamental Change (other than an Exempted Fundamental Change) occurs at any time, each Holder shall have the right, at such Holder’s option, to require the Company to repurchase for cash all of such Holder’s Notes, or any portion thereof that is equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000, on the Business Day notified in writing (the “Fundamental Change Repurchase Date”) by the Company that is not less than twenty (20) Business Days or more than thirty-five (35) Business Days following the date of the Fundamental Change Company Notice at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but excluding, the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date (the “Fundamental Change Repurchase Price”), unless the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date falls after a Regular Record Date but on or prior to the Interest Payment Date to which such Regular Record Date relates, in which case the Company shall instead pay the full amount of accrued and unpaid interest to Holders of record as of the close of business on such Regular Record Date, and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price shall be equal to 100% of the principal amount of Notes to be repurchased pursuant to this Article 10. The Fundamental Change Repurchase Date will be subject to postponement to comply with applicable law.
 
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(b)          Repurchases of Notes under this Section 10.01 shall be made, at the option of the Holder thereof, upon:
 
(i)          delivery to the paying agent by a Holder of a duly completed notice (the “Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice”) in the form set forth in Attachment 2 to the Form of Note attached hereto as Exhibit A, if the Notes are Physical Notes, or in compliance with the Depositary’s procedures for surrendering interests in Global Notes, if the Notes are Global Notes, in each case on or before the close of business on the second Business Day immediately preceding the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date; and
 
(ii)         delivery of the Notes, if the Notes are Physical Notes, to the paying agent at any time after delivery of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice (together with all necessary endorsements for transfer) at the Corporate Trust Office of the paying agent, or book-entry transfer of the Notes, if the Notes are Global Notes, in compliance with the Applicable Procedures of the Depositary, in each case such delivery being a condition to receipt by the Holder of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price therefor.
 
The Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice in respect of any Notes to be repurchased that are Physical Notes shall state:
 
(i)          if certificated, the certificate numbers of the Notes to be delivered for repurchase, or, if not certificated, the notice must comply with Applicable Procedures;
 
(ii)         the portion of the principal amount of Notes to be repurchased, which must be $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof; and
 
(iii)        that the Notes are to be repurchased by the Company pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Notes and the Indenture;
 
provided, however, that if the Notes are Global Notes, Holders must surrender their Notes in accordance with the Applicable Procedures.
 
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any Holder delivering to the paying agent the Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice contemplated by this Section 10.01 shall have the right to withdraw, in whole or in part, such Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice at any time prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date by delivery of a written notice of withdrawal to the paying agent in accordance with Section 10.02.
 
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The paying agent (if other than the Company) shall promptly notify the Company of the receipt by it of any Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice or written notice of withdrawal thereof.
 
No Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice with respect to any Notes may be surrendered by a Holder thereof if such Holder has also surrendered a Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice and has not validly withdrawn such Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice in accordance with Section 10.02.
 
(c)          On or before the 20th Business Day after the occurrence of the effective date of a Fundamental Change, the Company shall provide to all Holders of Notes and the Trustee, the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) and the paying agent (in the case of a paying agent other than the Trustee) a written notice (the “Fundamental Change Company Notice”) of the occurrence of the effective date of the Fundamental Change and of the repurchase right at the option of the Holders arising as a result thereof.  In the case of Physical Notes, such notice shall be by first class mail or, in the case of Global Notes, such notice shall be delivered in accordance with the Applicable Procedures.  Each Fundamental Change Company Notice shall specify:
 
(i)          the events causing the Fundamental Change;
 
(ii)         the effective date of the Fundamental Change;
 
(iii)        the last date on which a Holder may exercise the repurchase right pursuant to this Article 10;
 
(iv)        the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price;
 
(v)         the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date;
 
(vi)        the name and address of the Trustee, the paying agent and the Conversion Agent;
 
(vii)       if applicable, the Conversion Rate and any adjustments to the Conversion Rate as a result of the Fundamental Change (or related Make-Whole Fundamental Change);
 
(viii)      that the Notes with respect to which a Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice has been delivered by a Holder may be converted only if the Holder withdraws the Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice in accordance with the terms of the Indenture; and
 
(ix)        the procedures that Holders must follow to require the Company to repurchase their Notes.
 
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Simultaneously with providing such notice, the Company will publish a notice containing this information on its website or through such other public medium as the Company may use at that time.
 
No failure of the Company to give the foregoing notices and no defect therein shall limit the Holders’ repurchase rights or affect the validity of the proceedings for the repurchase of the Notes pursuant to this Section 10.01.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company will not be required to repurchase, or to make an offer to repurchase, the Notes upon the occurrence of the effective date of a Fundamental Change if a third party makes such an offer in the same manner, at the same time, for the same or greater price and otherwise is in compliance with the requirements for an offer made by the Company as set forth above, and such third party purchases all Notes properly surrendered and not validly withdrawn under its offer in the same manner, at the same time, and for the same or greater price and otherwise is in compliance with the requirements for an offer made by the Company as set forth above.
 
At the Company’s request given at least five (5) Business Days before such notice is to be sent (or such shorter period as shall be acceptable to the Trustee), the Trustee shall give such notice in the Company’s name and at the Company’s expense; provided, however, that, in all cases, the text of such Fundamental Change Company Notice shall be prepared by the Company.
 
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the Company will not be required to send a Fundamental Change notice, or offer to repurchase or repurchase any Notes in connection with a Fundamental Change occurring pursuant to clause (2)(A) or (B) of the definition of Fundamental Change (or, for the avoidance of doubt, pursuant to clause (1) of the definition that also constitutes a Fundamental Change occurring pursuant to clause (2)(A) or (B) of the definition thereof), if:
 

(i)
such Fundamental Change constitutes a Share Exchange Event for which the resulting Reference Property consists entirely of cash in U.S. dollars;
 

(ii)
immediately after such Fundamental Change, the Notes become convertible into consideration that consists solely of U.S. dollars in an amount per $1,000 principal amount of Notes that equals or exceeds the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (calculated assuming a Fundamental Change Repurchase Date that results in a Fundamental Change Repurchase Price that includes the maximum amount of accrued interest); and
 

(iii)
the Company timely sends the notice relating to Make-Whole Fundamental Change associated with such Fundamental Change required herein.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Notes may be repurchased by the Company on any date at the option of the Holders upon a Fundamental Change if the principal amount of the Notes has been accelerated, and such acceleration has not been rescinded, on or prior to such date (except in the case of an acceleration resulting from a Default by the Company in the payment of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price with respect to such Notes).  The paying agent will promptly return to the respective Holders thereof any Physical Notes held by it during the acceleration of the Notes (except in the case of an acceleration resulting from a Default by the Company in the payment of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price with respect to such Notes), or any instructions for book-entry transfer of the Notes in compliance with the Applicable Procedures of the Depositary shall be deemed to have been cancelled, and, upon such return or cancellation, as the case may be, the Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice with respect thereto shall be deemed to have been withdrawn.
 
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Section 10.02       Withdrawal of Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice.  A Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice may be withdrawn (in whole or in part) by means of a written notice of withdrawal delivered to the Corporate Trust Office of the paying agent in accordance with this Section 10.02 at any time prior to the close of business on the second Business Day immediately preceding the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date specifying:
 
(i)          the principal amount of the Notes with respect to which such notice of withdrawal is being submitted, which must be $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof;
 
(ii)         if certificated Notes have been issued, the certificate number of the Note in respect of which such notice of withdrawal is being submitted, or, if not certificated, the notice must comply with Applicable Procedures; and
 
(iii)        the principal amount, if any, of such Note that remains subject to the original Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice, which portion must be in principal amounts of $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000;
 
provided, however, that if the Notes are Global Notes, Holders must withdraw the relevant Fundamental Change Repurchase Notice in accordance with the Applicable Procedures.
 
Section 10.03       Deposit of Fundamental Change Repurchase Price.  i)  The Company will deposit with the Trustee (or other paying agent appointed by the Company, or if the Company is acting as its own paying agent, set aside, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 4.03 of the Base Indenture) on or prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date an amount of money sufficient to repurchase all of the Notes to be repurchased at the appropriate Fundamental Change Repurchase Price.  Subject to receipt of funds and/or Notes by the Trustee (or other paying agent appointed by the Company), payment for Notes surrendered for repurchase (and not withdrawn prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date) will be made on the later of (i) the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date (provided the Holder has satisfied the conditions in Section 10.01), and (ii) the time of book-entry transfer or the delivery of such Note to the Trustee (or other paying agent appointed by the Company) by the Holder thereof in the manner required by Section 10.01 by mailing checks for the amount payable to the Holders of such Notes entitled thereto as they shall appear in the Note Register; provided, however, that payments to the Depositary shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account of the Depositary or its nominee.  The Trustee shall, promptly after such payment and upon written demand by the Company, return to the Company any funds in excess of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price.
 
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(a)          If by 11:00 a.m. New York City time, on the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, the Trustee (or other paying agent appointed by the Company) holds money sufficient to make payment on all the Notes or portions thereof that are to be repurchased on such Fundamental Change Repurchase Date, then, with respect to the Notes that have been properly surrendered for repurchase to the paying agent and not validly withdrawn, (i) such Notes will cease to be outstanding, (ii) interest will cease to accrue on such Notes (whether or not book-entry transfer of the Notes has been made or the Notes have been delivered to the Trustee), and (iii) all other rights of the Holders of such Notes will terminate (other than the right to receive the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price and, if the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date falls after a Regular Record Date but on or prior to the Business Day immediately following the corresponding Interest Payment Date to which such Regular Record Date relates, accrued and unpaid interest payable to the Holders as of such Regular Record Date).
 
(b)          Upon surrender of a Note that is to be repurchased in part pursuant to Section 10.01, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder a new Note in an authorized denomination equal in principal amount to the unrepurchased portion of the Note surrendered.
 
Section 10.04       Covenant to Comply with Applicable Laws Upon Repurchase of Notes.  In connection with any repurchase offer, the Company will, if required:
 
(a)          comply with tender offer rules under the Exchange Act that may then be applicable;
 
(b)          file a Schedule TO or any other required schedule under the Exchange Act; and
 
(c)          otherwise comply in all material respects with all federal and state securities laws in connection with any offer by the Company to repurchase the Notes;
 
in each case, so as to permit the rights and obligations under this Article 10 to be exercised in the time and in the manner specified in this Article 10.
 
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, to the extent that provisions of any federal or state securities laws or other applicable laws or regulations adopted after the date on which the Notes are first issued conflict with the provisions of this Indenture relating to the Company’s obligations to repurchase the Notes upon a Fundamental Change, the Company shall comply with the applicable securities laws and regulations and will not be deemed to have breached its obligations under such provisions of this Indenture by virtue of such conflict.
 
ARTICLE 11
Optional Redemption, Cleanup Redemption and Tax Redemption
 
Section 11.01       Applicability of Article 3 of the Base Indenture.  Article 3 of the Base Indenture shall not apply to the Notes.  Instead the provisions set forth in this Article 11 shall, with respect to the Notes, supersede in their entirety Article 3 of the Base Indenture, and all references in the Base Indenture to Article 3 thereof and the provisions therein, as the case may be, shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to be references to this Article 11 or the applicable provisions set forth in this Article 11, respectively.
 
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Section 11.02       Optional Redemption.
 
(a)          No sinking fund is provided for the Notes.  Except in the case of a Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption, the Notes shall not be redeemable by the Company prior to August 20, 2027.  On or after August 20, 2027 and prior to the 41st scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date, the Company may redeem for cash all or any part of the Notes (subject to the Partial Redemption Limitation), at the Redemption Price, if the Last Reported Sale Price of the Class A Ordinary Shares has been at least 150% of the Conversion Price then in effect for at least twenty (20) Trading Days (whether or not consecutive) during any thirty (30) consecutive Trading Day period (including the last Trading Day of such period) ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides the Optional Redemption Notice in accordance with this Section 11.02 (an “Optional Redemption”); provided, however that the Company may not redeem less than all of the outstanding Notes unless at least $75,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Notes are outstanding and not called for redemption as of the time the Company sends the related Optional Redemption Notice and after giving effect to the delivery of such Optional Redemption Notice (such limitation, a “Partial Redemption Limitation”).
 
(b)          In case the Company exercises its Optional Redemption right to redeem all or, as the case may be, any part of the Notes pursuant to Section 11.02, it shall fix a date for Optional Redemption (each, an “Optional Redemption Date”) and it or, at its written request received by the Trustee not less than five (5) Business Days prior to the date such Optional Redemption Notice is to be sent (or such shorter period of time as may be acceptable to the Trustee), the Trustee, in the name of and at the expense of the Company, shall deliver or cause to be delivered a notice of such Optional Redemption (an “Optional Redemption Notice”) not less than forty-five (45) nor more than sixty (60) Scheduled Trading Days prior to the Optional Redemption Date to each Holder of Notes so to be redeemed (provided, that if the Company elects Physical Settlement for conversions of Notes called (or deemed called) for Optional Redemption during the related Redemption Period, the Company may not provide less than ten (10) Business Days’ nor more than thirty (30) Business Days’ notice before the applicable Optional Redemption Date); provided, however, that, if the Company shall give such notice, it shall also give written notice of the Optional Redemption Date to the Trustee, the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) and the paying agent (if other than the Trustee).  The Optional Redemption Date must be a Business Day, and the Company may not specify an Optional Redemption Date that falls on or after the 41st Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date.
 
(c)          The Optional Redemption Notice, if delivered in the manner herein provided, shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the Holder receives such notice.  In any case, failure to give such Optional Redemption Notice by mail or any defect in the Optional Redemption Notice to the Holder of any Note designated for Optional Redemption as a whole or in part shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the Optional Redemption of any other Note.
 
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(d)          Each Optional Redemption Notice shall specify:
 
(i)          the Optional Redemption Date;
 
(ii)         the Redemption Price;
 
(iii)        that on the Optional Redemption Date, the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each Note to be redeemed, and that interest thereon, if any, shall cease to accrue on and after the Optional Redemption Date;
 
(iv)        the name and address of the paying agent and Conversion Agent;
 
(v)         the place or places where such Notes are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price;
 
(vi)        the procedures a converting Holder must follow to convert its Notes and the Settlement Method and Specified Dollar Amount, if applicable;
 
(vii)       the Conversion Rate and, if applicable, the number of Additional Class A Ordinary Shares added to the Conversion Rate in accordance with Section 9.04;
 
(viii)      the CUSIP, ISIN or other similar numbers, if any, assigned to such Notes; and
 
(ix)          in case any Note is to be redeemed in part only, the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed and on and after the Optional Redemption Date, upon surrender of such Note, a new Note in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof shall be issued.
 
An Optional Redemption Notice shall be irrevocable.
 
Simultaneously with providing the Optional Redemption Notice, the Company shall publish a notice containing the information included in the Optional Redemption Notice on the Company’s website or through such other public medium as the Company may use. The Trustee shall have no obligation to make any determination in connection with the foregoing.
 
If the Company elects to redeem less than all of the outstanding Notes, and the Holder of any Note, or any owner of a beneficial interest in any Global Note, is reasonably not able to determine, before the close of business on the 44th Scheduled Trading Day immediately before the relevant Optional Redemption Date (or, if the Company elects Physical Settlement for conversions that occur during the related Redemption Period, on the fourth business day immediately preceding the relevant Optional Redemption Date), whether such note or beneficial interest, as applicable, is to be redeemed pursuant to such redemption, then such Holder or owner, as applicable, will be entitled to convert such Note or beneficial interest, as applicable, at any time before the close of business on the second Business Day immediately before such Optional Redemption Date, and each such conversion will be deemed to be of a Note called for Optional Redemption.
 
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If fewer than all of the outstanding Notes are to be redeemed, the Trustee will select the Notes to be redeemed (in principal amounts of $1,000 or multiples there) by lot, on a pro rata basis (subject to rounding to the nearest $1,000 principal amount) or by other method the Trustee considers to be fair and appropriate and, in the case of a Global Note, in accordance with and subject to the Applicable Procedures.
 
No Notes may be redeemed by Optional Redemption if the principal amount of the Notes has been accelerated, and such acceleration has not been rescinded, on or prior to the Redemption Date (except in the case of an acceleration resulting from a default by the Company in the payment of the Redemption Price).
 
Section 11.03       Cleanup Redemption.
 
(a)          Prior to the 41st scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date, the Company may redeem for cash all but not part of the Notes at the Redemption Price, if less than $25,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Notes remains outstanding at such time (such redemption, a “Cleanup Redemption”).
 
(b)          In case the Company exercises its Cleanup Redemption right to redeem all of the Notes pursuant to Section 11.03, it shall fix a date for Cleanup Redemption (each, a “Cleanup Redemption Date”) and it or, at its written request received by the Trustee not less than five (5) Business Days prior to the date such Cleanup Redemption Notice is to be sent (or such shorter period of time as may be acceptable to the Trustee), the Trustee, in the name of and at the expense of the Company, shall deliver or cause to be delivered a notice of such Cleanup Redemption (a “Cleanup Redemption Notice”) not less than 45 nor more than 60 Scheduled Trading Day prior to the Cleanup Redemption Date to each Holder of Notes so to be redeemed (provided, that if the Company elects Physical Settlement for conversions of Notes called for Cleanup Redemption that occur during the related Redemption Period, the Company may not provide less than ten (10) Business Days’ nor more than thirty (30) Business Days’ notice before the applicable Cleanup Redemption Date); provided, however, that, if the Company shall give such notice, it shall also give written notice of the Cleanup Redemption Date to the Trustee, the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) an the paying agent (if other than the Trustee).  The Cleanup Redemption Date must be a Business Day, and the Company may not specify a Cleanup Redemption Date that falls on or after the 41st Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date.
 
(c)          The Cleanup Redemption Notice, if delivered in the manner herein provided, shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the Holder receives such notice.  In any case, failure to give such Cleanup Redemption Notice by mail or any defect in the Cleanup Redemption Notice to the Holder of any Note designated for Cleanup Redemption as a whole or in part shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the Cleanup Redemption of any other Note.
 
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(d)          Each Cleanup Redemption Notice shall specify:
 
(i)          the Cleanup Redemption Date;
 
(ii)         the Redemption Price;
 
(iii)        that on the Cleanup Redemption Date, the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each Note to be redeemed, and that interest thereon, if any, shall cease to accrue on and after the Cleanup Redemption Date;
 
(iv)        the place or places where such Notes are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price;
 
(v)         the procedures a converting Holder must follow to convert its Notes and the Settlement Method and Specified Dollar Amount, if applicable;
 
(vi)        the Conversion Rate and, if applicable, the number of Additional Class A Ordinary Shares added to the Conversion Rate in accordance with Section 9.04; and
 
(vii)       the CUSIP, ISIN or other similar numbers, if any, assigned to such Notes.
 
A Cleanup Redemption Notice shall be irrevocable.
 
Simultaneously with providing the Cleanup Redemption Notice, the Company shall publish a notice containing the information included in the Cleanup Redemption Notice on the Company’s website or through such other public medium as the Company may use.
 
No Notes may be redeemed by Cleanup Redemption if the principal amount of the Notes has been accelerated, and such acceleration has not been rescinded, on or prior to the Redemption Date (except in the case of an acceleration resulting from a default by the Company in the payment of the Redemption Price).
 
Section 11.04       Tax Redemption.
 
(a)          If the Company has, or on the next Interest Payment Date would, become obligated to pay to any Holder Additional Amounts as a result of:
 
(i)          any change or amendment on or after August 15, 2024 (or, in the case of a jurisdiction that becomes a Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction after August 15, 2024, after August 15, 2024) in the laws or any rules or regulations of a Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction; or
 
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(ii)         any change on or after August 15, 2024 (or, in the case of a jurisdiction that becomes a Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction after August 15, 2024 , after August 15, 2024) in an interpretation, administration or application of such laws, rules or regulations by any legislative body, court, governmental agency, taxing authority or regulatory or administrative authority of such Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction (including the enactment of any legislation and the announcement or publication of any judicial decision or regulatory or administrative interpretation or determination);
 
(each, a “Change in Tax Law”), the Company may, at its option, redeem all but not part of the Notes (except in respect of certain Holders that elect otherwise as described below) on a Tax Redemption Date before the 41st Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date; provided that the Company may only redeem the Notes if: (i) the Company cannot avoid such obligations by taking commercially reasonable measures available to the Company (provided that changing the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Company shall be deemed not to be a commercially reasonable measure); and (ii) the Company delivers to the Trustee an opinion of outside legal counsel of recognized standing in the Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction and an Officer’s Certificate attesting to such Change in Tax Law and obligation to pay Additional Amounts (such redemption, a “Tax Redemption”).
 
(b)          The Redemption Price for a Tax Redemption shall be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the Redemption Date, including, any Additional Amounts with respect to such Redemption Price; provided, however, that if the Redemption Date occurs after a Regular Record Date and on or prior to the corresponding Interest Payment Date, then (i) the Company shall pay on the Interest Payment Date the full amount of accrued and unpaid interest, if any, due on such Interest Payment Date to the record Holder of the Notes on the Regular Record Date corresponding to such Interest Payment Date, and (ii) the Redemption Price payable to the Holder who presents a Note for the Tax Redemption shall be equal to 100% of the principal amount of such Note, including, for the avoidance of doubt, any Additional Amounts with respect to such Redemption Price, but without the accrued and unpaid interest on such Note to, but excluding, the Redemption Date. The Redemption Date must be a Business Day.
 
(c)          Upon receiving the Tax Redemption Notice, each Holder shall have the right to elect to not have its Notes redeemed, in which case the Company shall not be obligated to pay any Additional Amounts on any payment with respect to such Notes solely as a result of such Change in Tax Law that resulted in the obligation to pay such Additional Amounts (whether upon conversion, required repurchase in connection with a Fundamental Change, maturity or otherwise, and whether in cash, Class A Ordinary Shares, or a combination thereof, Reference Property or otherwise) after the Tax Redemption Date (or, if the Company fails to pay the Redemption Price on the Tax Redemption Date, the date on which the Redemption Price has been paid or duly provided for), and all future payments with respect to such Notes shall be subject to the deduction or withholding of such Relevant Taxing Jurisdiction and taxes required by law to be deducted or withheld as a result of such Change in Tax Law; provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Holder electing not to have its Notes redeemed converts its Notes in connection with a Tax Redemption pursuant to Section 9.03(f), the Company shall be obligated to pay Additional Amounts, if any, with respect to such conversion.
 
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(d)          Subject to the Applicable Procedures of the Depositary in the case of Global Notes, a Holder electing to not have its Notes so redeemed must deliver to the Company, with a copy to the paying agent a written notice of election so as to be received by the Company and the paying agent or otherwise by complying with the requirements for conversion described under Section 9.02 prior to the close of business on the second Business Day immediately preceding the Tax Redemption Date. A Holder may withdraw any such notice of election (other than such a deemed notice of election in connection with a conversion) by delivering to the Company and the paying agent a written notice of withdrawal prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the Tax Redemption Date (or, if the Company fails to pay the Redemption Price and any Additional Amounts with respect to such Redemption Price on the Tax Redemption Date, such later date on which the Company pays the Redemption Price and any Additional Amounts with respect to such Redemption Price). If no election is made, the Holder will have its Notes redeemed without any further action.
 
(e)          In case the Company exercises its Tax Redemption right to redeem all of the Notes pursuant to Section 11.04, it shall fix a date for Tax Redemption (each, a “Tax Redemption Date”) and it or, at its written request received by the Trustee not less than five (5) Business Days prior to the date such Tax Redemption Notice is to be sent (or such shorter period of time as may be acceptable to the Trustee), the Trustee, in the name of and at the expense of the Company, shall deliver or cause to be delivered a notice of such Tax Redemption (a “Tax Redemption Notice”) not less than 45 nor more than 60 Scheduled Trading Day prior to the Tax Redemption Date to each Holder of Notes so to be redeemed as a whole or in part (provided, that if the Company elects Physical Settlement for conversions of Notes called for Tax Redemption that occur during the related Redemption Period, the Company may not provide less than ten (10) Business Days’ nor more than thirty (30) Business Days’ notice before the applicable Tax Redemption Date); provided, however, that, if the Company shall give such notice, it shall also give written notice of the Tax Redemption Date to the Trustee, the Conversion Agent (if other than the Trustee) an the paying agent (if other than the Trustee).  The Tax Redemption Date must be a Business Day, and the Company may not specify a Tax Redemption Date that falls on or after the 41st Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date.
 
(f)          The Tax Redemption Notice, if delivered in the manner herein provided, shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the Holder receives such notice.  In any case, failure to give such Tax Redemption Notice by mail or any defect in the Tax Redemption Notice to the Holder of any Note designated for Tax Redemption as a whole or in part shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the Tax Redemption of any other Note.
 
(g)          Each Tax Redemption Notice shall specify:
 
(i)          the Tax Redemption Date;
 
(ii)         the Redemption Price and any Additional Amounts with respect to such Redemption Price;
 
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(iii)        that on the Tax Redemption Date, the Redemption Price and any Additional Amounts with respect to such Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each Note to be redeemed, and that interest thereon, if any, shall cease to accrue on and after the Tax Redemption Date;
 
(iv)        the place or places where such Notes are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price;
 
(v)         the procedures a converting Holder must follow to convert its Notes and the Settlement Method that will apply to all conversions with a Conversion Date that occurs during the related Redemption Period and Specified Dollar Amount, if applicable;
 
(vi)        the Conversion Rate and, if applicable, the number of Additional Class A Ordinary Shares added to the Conversion Rate in accordance with Section 9.04;
 
(vii)       the CUSIP, ISIN or other similar numbers, if any, assigned to such Notes; and
 
(viii)       that such Holder may elect that its Notes not be subject to such Tax Redemption, subject to the Applicable Procedures of the Depositary, in accordance with Section 11.04(d), by written notice to the Company and the Trustee no later than the 5th Business Day prior to the Tax Redemption Date.
 
A Tax Redemption Notice shall be irrevocable.
 
Simultaneously with providing the Tax Redemption Notice, the Company shall publish a notice containing the information included in the Tax Redemption Notice on the Company’s website or through such other public medium as the Company may use.
 
No Notes may be redeemed by Tax Redemption if the principal amount of the Notes has been accelerated, and such acceleration has not been rescinded, on or prior to the Redemption Date (except in the case of an acceleration resulting from a default by the Company in the payment of the Redemption Price).
 
Section 11.05       Payment of Notes Called for Redemption.
 
(a)          If any Redemption Notice has been given in respect of the Notes in accordance with Section 11.02, Section 11.03 or Section 11.04, the Notes shall become due and payable on the Redemption Date at the place or places stated in the Redemption Notice and at the applicable Redemption Price (and any Additional Amounts with respect to such Redemption Price, in the case of a Tax Redemption).  On presentation and surrender of the Notes at the place or places stated in the Redemption Notice, the Notes shall be paid and redeemed by the Company at the applicable Redemption Price.
 
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(b)          Prior to the open of business on the Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the paying agent or, if the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company is acting as the paying agent, shall segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 7.05 of the Base Indenture an amount of cash (in immediately available funds if deposited on the Redemption Date), sufficient to pay the Redemption Price (and any Additional Amounts with respect to such Redemption Price, in the case of a Tax Redemption) of all of the Notes to be redeemed on such Redemption Date. Subject to receipt of funds by the paying agent, payment for the Notes to be redeemed shall be made on the Redemption Date for such Notes.  The paying agent shall, promptly after such payment and upon written demand by the Company, return to the Company any funds in excess of the Redemption Price (and any Additional Amounts with respect to such Redemption Price, in the case of a Tax Redemption).
 
Section 11.06       Restrictions on Redemption.  The Company may not redeem any Notes on any date if the principal amount of the Notes has been accelerated in accordance with the terms of the Indenture, and such acceleration has not been rescinded, on or prior to the Redemption Date (except in the case of an acceleration resulting from a Default by the Company in the payment of the Redemption Price with respect to such Notes).
 
ARTICLE 12
Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets
 
Section 12.01       Applicability of Article 5 of the Base IndentureArticle 10 of the Base Indenture shall not apply to the Notes.  Instead the provisions set forth in this Article 12 shall, with respect to the Notes, supersede in their entirety Article 10 of the Base Indenture, and all references in the Base Indenture to Article 10 thereof and the provisions therein, as the case may be, shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to be references to this Article 12 or the applicable provisions set forth in this Article 12, respectively.
 
Section 12.02       When Company May Merge, Etc.  Subject to the provisions of Section 12.03, the Company shall not consolidate with or merge with or into, or sell, convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties and assets to, another Person (a “Business Combination Event”) (other than any such sale, conveyance, transfer or lease to one or more of the Company’s direct or indirect Wholly Owned Subsidiaries), unless:
 
(a)          the resulting, surviving or transferee Person either (x) is the Company, or (y) if not the Company, is a Qualified Successor Entity (such Qualified Successor Entity, the “Successor Entity”), duly organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof, the District of Columbia, the Cayman Islands, the British Virgin Islands, Bermuda, Singapore or Hong Kong and such Qualified Successor Entity (if not the Company) expressly assumes by supplemental indenture all of the obligations of the Company under the Notes and the Indenture (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the obligation to pay any Additional Amounts); and
 
(b)          immediately after giving effect to such Business Combination Event, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing under the Indenture.
 
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For purposes of this Section 12.02, the sale, conveyance, transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of one or more Subsidiaries of the Company to another Person, which properties and assets, if held by the Company instead of such Subsidiaries, would constitute all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company on a consolidated basis, shall be deemed to be the sale, conveyance, transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company to another Person.
 
Section 12.03       Successor Corporation to Be Substituted.  In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or lease and upon the assumption by the Successor Entity, by supplemental indenture, executed and delivered to the Trustee and satisfactory in form to the Trustee, of the due and punctual payment of the principal of and accrued and unpaid interest on all of the Notes, the due and punctual delivery or payment, as the case may be, of any consideration due upon conversion of the Notes and the due and punctual performance of all of the covenants and conditions of the Indenture to be performed by the Company, such Successor Entity (if not the Company) shall succeed to and, except in the case of a lease of all or substantially all of the Company’s properties and assets, shall be substituted for the Company, with the same effect as if it had been named herein as the party of the first part.  Such Successor Entity thereupon may cause to be signed, and may issue either in its own name or in the name of the Company any or all of the Notes issuable hereunder which theretofore shall not have been signed by the Company and delivered to the Trustee; and, upon the order of such Successor Entity instead of the Company and subject to all the terms, conditions and limitations in the Indenture prescribed, the Trustee shall authenticate and shall deliver, or cause to be authenticated and delivered, any Notes that previously shall have been signed and delivered by an Officer of the Company to the Trustee for authentication, and any Notes that such Successor Entity thereafter shall cause to be signed and delivered to the Trustee for that purpose.  All the Notes so issued shall in all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under the Indenture as the Notes theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with the terms of the Indenture as though all of such Notes had been issued at the date of the execution hereof.  In the event of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance or transfer (but not in the case of a lease), upon compliance with this Article 12 the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this Supplemental Indenture (or any successor that shall thereafter have become such in the manner prescribed in this Article 12) may be dissolved, wound up and liquidated at any time thereafter and, except in the case of a lease, such Person shall be released from its liabilities as obligor and maker of the Notes and from its obligations under the Indenture and the Notes.
 
In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or lease, such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the Notes thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.
 
Section 12.04      Officer’s Certificate and Opinion of Counsel to Be Given to Trustee.  If the Successor Entity is not the Company, no such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or lease shall be effective unless the Trustee shall receive an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer or lease and any such assumption and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture, complies with the provisions of this Article 12.
 
83

ARTICLE 13
Miscellaneous Provisions
 
Section 13.01       Governing Law; JurisdictionTHIS SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE AND EACH NOTE, AND ANY CLAIM, CONTROVERSY OR DISPUTE ARISING UNDER OR RELATED TO THIS SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE AND EACH NOTE, SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICTS OF LAWS PROVISIONS THEREOF).
 
The Company irrevocably consents and agrees, for the benefit of the Holders from time to time of the Notes and the Trustee, that any legal action, suit or proceeding against it with respect to obligations, liabilities or any other matter arising out of or in connection with this Supplemental Indenture or the Notes may be brought in the courts of the State of New York or the courts of the United States located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York City, New York and, until amounts due and to become due in respect of the Notes have been paid, hereby irrevocably consents and submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of each such court in personam, generally and unconditionally with respect to any action, suit or proceeding for itself in respect of its properties, assets and revenues.
 
The Company irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any of the aforesaid actions, suits or proceedings arising out of or in connection with this Supplemental Indenture brought in the courts of the State of New York or the courts of the United States located in the Borough of Manhattan, New York City, New York and hereby further irrevocably and unconditionally waives and agrees not to plead or claim in any such court that any such action, suit or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.
 
Service of any process, summons, notice or document by registered mail addressed to the Company’s agent, Cogency Global Inc., at the address 122 E. 42nd Street, 18th Floor, New York, New York 10168, shall be effective service of process against the Company for any suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court.
 
Section 13.02       Waiver of Jury TrialEACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE INDENTURE, THE NOTES OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. The second paragraph of Section 13.05 of the Base Indenture shall, with respect to the Notes, be superseded in its entirety by this Section 13.02.
 
Section 13.03       Legal Holidays.  In any case where any Interest Payment Date, any Redemption Date, any Fundamental Change Repurchase Date or the Maturity Date is not a Business Day, then any action to be taken on such date need not be taken on such date, but may be taken on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if taken on such date, and no interest shall accrue in respect of the delay.  Section 13.08 of the Base Indenture shall, with respect to the Notes, be superseded in its entirety by this Section 13.03, and any reference in the Base Indenture to such Section 13.08 shall, with respect to the Notes, be deemed to refer instead to this Section 13.03.
 
84

Section 13.04       No Security Interest Created.  Nothing in the Indenture or in the Notes, expressed or implied, shall be construed to constitute a security interest under the Uniform Commercial Code or similar legislation, as now or hereafter enacted and in effect, in any jurisdiction.
 
Section 13.05       Benefits of Indenture.  Nothing in the Indenture or in the Notes, expressed or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the Holders (or, with respect to the second and third paragraphs of Section 2.05(d), beneficial owners of the Notes), the parties hereto, any paying agent, any Conversion Agent, any Authenticating Agent, any Security Registrar and their successors hereunder, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under the Indenture.
 
Section 13.06       Table of Contents, Headings, Etc.  The table of contents and the titles and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Supplemental Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not to be considered a part hereof, and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.
 
Section 13.07       Severability.  In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Supplemental Indenture or in the Notes shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Supplemental Indenture or of such Notes, but this Supplemental Indenture and such Notes shall be construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein or therein.
 
Section 13.08       Multiple Originals.  This Supplemental Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.  The exchange of copies of this Supplemental Indenture and of signature pages by facsimile, PDF or other electronic transmission shall constitute effective execution and delivery of this Supplemental Indenture as to the parties hereto and may be used in lieu of the original Supplemental Indenture for all purposes. Signatures of the parties hereto transmitted by facsimile, PDF or such other electronic means shall be deemed to be their original signatures for all purposes. All notices, approvals, consents, requests and any communications hereunder must be in writing (provided that any communication sent to the Trustee hereunder must be in the form of a document that is signed manually or by way of a digital signature provided by DocuSign (or such other digital signature provider as specified in writing to Trustee by the authorized representative), in English). The Company agrees to assume all risks arising out of the use of using digital signatures and electronic methods to submit communications to Trustee, including without limitation the risk of Trustee acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk of interception and misuse by third parties.
 
85

Section 13.09       Calculations.  Except as otherwise provided herein, the Company shall be responsible for making all calculations called for under this Indenture and the Notes and the Trustee, acting in any capacity under this Indenture, shall have no liability or responsibility for any such calculations or information underlying such calculations.  These calculations include, but are not limited to, determinations of the Share Price, Last Reported Sale Prices of the Class A Ordinary Shares, the Daily VWAPs, the Daily Conversion Values, the Daily Settlement Amounts, accrued interest payable on the Notes, any Additional Interest payable on the Notes and the Conversion Rate of the Notes.  The Company shall make all these calculations in good faith and, absent manifest error, the Company’s calculations shall be final and binding on Holders of Notes.  The Company shall provide a schedule of its calculations to each of the Trustee and the Conversion Agent, and each of the Trustee, the paying agent and Conversion Agent has no duty to verify such calculations and is entitled to rely conclusively upon the accuracy of the Company’s calculations without independent verification.  The Trustee shall forward the Company’s calculations to any registered Holder of Notes upon the request of that Holder at the sole cost and expense of the Company.
 
Section 13.10       Ratification of Base Indenture.  Except as amended hereby with respect to the Notes, the Base Indenture, as amended and supplemented by this Supplemental Indenture, is in all respects ratified and confirmed, and this Supplemental Indenture shall be deemed part of the Base Indenture in the manner and to the extent herein and therein provided.
 
Section 13.11       Acknowledgement of Senior Notes.  By accepting any Note, each Holder acknowledges to the Company and the “Investors” (as defined below) that the senior secured notes (Series A1-A30), each with the principal amount of $500,000 issued pursuant to that certain Senior Secured Note Purchase Agreement, dated April 15, 2024, by and among various investors (the “Investors”) from time to time party thereto, the Company, Norwegian AI Technology AS, as security provider, and Nordic Trustee AS, as collateral agent, constitute bona fide indebtedness of the Company. Such acknowledgment is part of the consideration for the issuance of the Notes.
 
Section 13.12       Delivery of Notices.  Any notice or communication delivered or to be delivered to a Holder of Physical Notes shall be mailed to it by first class mail, postage prepaid, at its address as it appears on the Note Register and shall be sufficiently given to it if so mailed within the time prescribed. Any notice or communication delivered or to be delivered to a Holder of Global Notes shall be delivered in accordance with the Applicable Procedures of the Depositary and shall be sufficiently given to it if so delivered within the time prescribed.
 
Failure to send a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders.  If a notice or communication is sent in the manner provided above, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it.
 
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]
 
86

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Supplemental Indenture to be duly executed as of the date first written above.
 

BITDEER TECHNOLOGIES GROUP
 


By:
/s/ Jihan Wu



Name: Jihan Wu


Title: Chief Executive Officer
   

U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee
   

By:
/s/ Bradley E. Scarbrough



Name: Bradley E. Scarbrough


Title: Vice President


EXHIBIT A
 
[FORM OF FACE OF NOTE]
 
UNLESS THIS CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE, OR PAYMENT, AND ANY CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREUNDER IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE, OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.
 
A-1

BITDEER TECHNOLOGIES GROUP
 
8.50% Convertible Senior Note due 2029
 
No. [_____] [Initially]1 $[_________]
 
CUSIP No. [________]
 
Bitdeer Technologies Group, a company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Company,” which term includes any successor corporation or other entity under the Indenture referred to on the reverse hereof), for value received hereby promises to pay to [CEDE & CO.]2 [_______]3, or registered assigns, the principal sum [as set forth in the “Schedule of Exchanges of Notes” attached hereto]4 [of $[_______]]5, which amount, taken together with the principal amounts of all other outstanding Notes, shall not, unless permitted by the Indenture, exceed $172,500,000, in aggregate at any time, in accordance with the rules and the Applicable Procedures of the Depositary, on August 15, 2029, and interest thereon as set forth below.
 
This Note shall bear interest at the rate of 8.50% per year from August 20, 2024 or from the most recent date to which interest had been paid or duly provided for to, but excluding, the next scheduled Interest Payment Date until August 15, 2029.  Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15, commencing on February 1, 2025, to Holders of record at the close of business on the preceding February 1 or August 1 (whether or not such day is a Business Day), respectively.  Additional Interest will be payable as set forth in Section 5.04 of the within-mentioned Supplemental Indenture, and any reference to interest on, or in respect of, any Note therein shall be deemed to include Additional Interest if, in such context, Additional Interest is, was or would be payable pursuant to any of such Section 5.04, and any express mention of the payment of Additional Interest in any provision therein shall not be construed as excluding Additional Interest in those provisions thereof where such express mention is not made.
 
Any Defaulted Amounts shall accrue interest per annum at the rate borne by the Notes, subject to the enforceability thereof under applicable law, from, and including, the relevant payment date to, but excluding, the date on which such Defaulted Amounts shall have been paid by the Company in accordance with Section 2.04(b) of the within-mentioned Supplemental Indenture.
 
The Company shall pay, or cause the paying agent to pay, the principal of and interest on this Note, if and so long as such Note is a Global Note, in immediately available funds to the Depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered Holder of such Note.  As provided in and subject to the provisions of the Indenture, the Company shall pay the principal of any Notes (other than Notes that are Global Notes) at the office or agency designated by the Company for that purpose.  The Company has initially designated the Trustee as its paying agent and Security Registrar in respect of the Notes and the Corporate Trust Office, as a place where Notes may be presented for payment or for registration of transfer and exchange.
 



1Include if a global note.
2Include if a global note.
3Include if a physical note.
4Include if a global note.
5Include if a physical note.
A-2

Reference is made to the further provisions of this Note set forth on the reverse hereof, including, without limitation, provisions giving the Holder of this Note the right to convert this Note into cash, Class A Ordinary Shares or a combination of cash and Class A Ordinary Shares, as applicable, on the terms and subject to the limitations set forth in the Indenture.  Such further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as though fully set forth at this place.
 
This Note, and any claim, controversy or dispute arising under or related to this Note, shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York (without regard to the conflicts of laws provisions thereof).
 
In the case of any conflict between this Note and the Indenture, the provisions of the Indenture shall control and govern.
 
This Note shall not be valid or become obligatory for any purpose until the certificate of authentication hereon shall have been signed manually by the Trustee or a duly authorized Authenticating Agent under the Indenture.
 
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]
 
A-3

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be duly executed.
 
 
BITDEER TECHNOLOGIES GROUP
   
 
By:



Name:


Title:

Dated:
 
TRUSTEE’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION
 
U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
as Trustee, certifies that this is one of the Notes described
in the within-named Indenture.
 
By:



Authorized Signatory

A-4

[FORM OF REVERSE OF NOTE]
 
BITDEER TECHNOLOGIES GROUP
8.50% Convertible Senior Note due 2029
 
This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of Notes of the Company, designated as its 8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (the “Notes”), limited to the aggregate principal amount of $172,500,000, all issued or to be issued under and pursuant to an Indenture dated as of August 20, 2024 (the “Base Indenture”), as amended and supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture dated as of August 20, 2024 (herein called the “Supplemental Indenture”; the Base Indenture, as amended and supplemented by the Supplemental Indenture, and as it may be further amended or supplemented from time to time, the “Indenture”), by and between the Company and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (the “Trustee”) to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a description of the rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Trustee, the Company and the Holders of the Notes.  Additional Notes may be issued in an unlimited aggregate principal amount, subject to certain conditions specified in the Indenture.  Capitalized terms used in this Note and not defined in this Note shall have the respective meanings set forth in the Indenture.
 
In case certain Events of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the principal of, and interest on, all Notes may be declared, by either the Trustee or Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of Notes then outstanding, and upon said declaration shall become, due and payable, in the manner, with the effect and subject to the conditions and certain exceptions set forth in the Indenture.
 
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Indenture, the Company will make all payments and deliveries in respect of the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price on the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date (if applicable), the Redemption Price on any Redemption Date (if applicable) and the principal amount on the Maturity Date, as the case may be, to the Holder who surrenders a Note to a paying agent to collect such payments in respect of the Note.  The Company shall pay cash amounts in money of the United States that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts.
 
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Indenture, Additional Amounts will be paid in connection with any payments made and deliveries caused to be made by the Company or any successor to the Company under or with respect to the Indenture and the Notes, including, but not limited to, payments of principal (including, if applicable the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price), payments of interest and the payment of cash and/or deliveries of Class A Ordinary Shares (together with payments for any fractional Class A Ordinary Shares) upon conversion of the Notes to ensure that the net amount received by the Holder after any applicable withholding or deduction (and after deducting any taxes on the Additional Amounts) will equal the amount that would have been received by such Holder had no such withholding or deduction been required.

A-5

The Indenture contains provisions permitting the Company and the Trustee in certain circumstances, without the consent of the Holders of the Notes, and in certain other circumstances, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding, evidenced as in the Indenture provided, to execute supplemental indentures modifying the terms of the Indenture and the Notes as described therein.  It is also provided in the Indenture that, subject to certain exceptions, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes at the time outstanding may on behalf of the Holders of all of the Notes waive any past Default or Event of Default under the Indenture and its consequences.
 
Each Holder shall have the right to receive payment or delivery, as the case may be, of (x) the principal (including the Redemption Price and the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price, if applicable) of, (y) accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on, and (z) the consideration due upon conversion of, this Note at the place, at the respective times, at the rate and in the lawful money and/or Class A Ordinary Shares, as the case may be, herein prescribed.
 
The Notes are issuable in registered form without coupons in minimum denominations of $1,000 principal amount and integral multiples thereof.  At the office or agency of the Company designated by the Company for such purpose under the Indenture, and in the manner and subject to the limitations provided in the Indenture, Notes may be exchanged for a like aggregate principal amount of Notes of other authorized denominations, without payment of any service charge but, if required by the Company or Trustee, with payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer or similar tax that may be imposed in connection therewith as a result of the name of the Holder of the new Notes issued upon such exchange of Notes being different from the name of the Holder of the old Notes surrendered for such exchange.
 
The Company may not redeem the Notes prior to the Maturity Date, except in the event of an Optional Redemption, a Cleanup Redemption or a Tax Redemption as described in Article 11 of the Supplemental Indenture. No sinking fund is provided for the Notes.

Upon the occurrence of a Fundamental Change, the Holder has the right, at such Holder’s option, to require the Company to repurchase for cash all of such Holder’s Notes or any portion thereof (in principal amounts of $1,000 or integral multiples thereof) on the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date at a price equal to the Fundamental Change Repurchase Price.
 
Subject to the provisions of the Indenture, the Holder hereof has the right, at its option, during certain periods and upon the occurrence of certain conditions specified in the Indenture, prior to the close of business on the second Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the Maturity Date, to convert any Notes or portion thereof that is $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof, into cash, Class A Ordinary Shares or a combination of cash and Class A Ordinary Shares, as applicable, at the Conversion Rate specified in the Indenture, as adjusted from time to time as provided in the Indenture.
 
A-6

ABBREVIATIONS
 
The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription of the face of this Note, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations:
 
TEN COM = as tenants in common
 
UNIF GIFT MIN ACT = Uniform Gifts to Minors Act
 
CUST = Note Custodian
 
TEN ENT = as tenants by the entireties
 
JT TEN  = joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common
 
Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list.
 

A-7

SCHEDULE A6
 
SCHEDULE OF EXCHANGES OF NOTES
 
BITDEER TECHNOLOGIES GROUP
8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029
 
The initial principal amount of this Global Note is _______ DOLLARS ($[_________]).  The following increases or decreases in this Global Note have been made:
 
Date of
exchange
Amount of
decrease in
principal
amount of this
Global Note
Amount of
increase in
principal
amount of this
Global Note
Principal
amount of this
Global Note
following
such decrease
or increase
Signature of
authorized
signatory of
Trustee or
Note
Custodian
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         




6
Include if a global note.
A-8

ATTACHMENT 1
 
[FORM OF NOTICE OF CONVERSION]
 
To:         Bitdeer Technologies Group
08 Kallang Avenue
Aperia tower 1, #09-03/04
Singapore 339509
Telephone: +65 62828220
 
U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as Conversion Agent
633 West 5th Street, 24th Floor,
Los Angeles, California 90071
 
The undersigned registered owner of this Note hereby exercises the option to convert this Note, or the portion hereof (that is $1,000 in principal amount or an integral multiple thereof) below designated, into cash, Class A Ordinary Shares or a combination of cash and Class A Ordinary Shares, as applicable, in accordance with the terms of the Indenture referred to in this Note, and directs that any cash payable and any Class A Ordinary Shares issuable and deliverable upon such conversion, together with any cash for any fractional Class A Ordinary Shares, and any Notes representing any unconverted principal amount hereof, be issued and delivered to the registered Holder hereof unless a different name has been indicated below.  If any Class A Ordinary Shares or any portion of this Note not converted are to be issued in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay all documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer taxes, if any in accordance with Section 9.02(d) and Section 9.02(e) of the Supplemental Indenture.  Any amount required to be paid to the undersigned on account of interest accompanies this Note.  Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Indenture.
 
Dated:




         
     
 
     
Signature(s)
 



Signature Guarantee


Signature(s) must be guaranteed
by an eligible Guarantor Institution
(banks, stock brokers, savings and
loan associations and credit unions)
with membership in an approved
signature guarantee medallion program
pursuant to Securities and Exchange

1

Commission Rule 17Ad-15 if Class A Ordinary Shares are to be issued, or
Notes are to be delivered, other than
to and in the name of the registered holder.
 
Fill in for registration of shares if
to be issued, and Notes if to
be delivered, other than to and in the
name of the registered holder:

 
(Name)

 
(Street Address)

 
(City, State and Zip Code)
Please print name and address

 
Principal amount to be converted (if less than all):  $______,000
   
 
NOTICE:  The above signature(s) of the Holder(s) hereof must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the Note in every particular without alteration or enlargement or any change whatever.
   
 
 
 
Social Security or Other Taxpayer
 
Identification Number

2

ATTACHMENT 2
 
[FORM OF FUNDAMENTAL CHANGE REPURCHASE NOTICE]
 
To:         Bitdeer Technologies Group
08 Kallang Avenue
Aperia tower 1, #09-03/04
Singapore 339509
Telephone: +65 62828220
 
U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as paying agent
633 West 5th Street, 24th Floor,
Los Angeles, California 90071
 
The undersigned registered owner of this Note hereby acknowledges receipt of a notice from Bitdeer Technologies Group (the “Company”) as to the occurrence of a Fundamental Change with respect to the Company and specifying the Fundamental Change Repurchase Date and requests and instructs the Company to pay to the registered holder hereof in accordance with Section 10.01 of the Supplemental Indenture referred to in this Note (1) the entire principal amount of this Note, or the portion thereof (that is $1,000 principal amount or an integral multiple thereof) below designated, and (2) if such Fundamental Change Repurchase Date does not fall during the period after a Regular Record Date and on or prior to the corresponding Interest Payment Date, accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to, but excluding, such Fundamental Change Repurchase Date.  Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Indenture.
 
In the case of Physical Notes, the certificate numbers of the Notes to be repurchased are as set forth below:
 
Dated:



 
 
 
 
Signature(s)


 

Social Security or Other Taxpayer
 
Identification Number
   
 
Principal amount to be repurchased (if less than all):  $______,000
   
 
NOTICE:  The above signature(s) of the Holder(s) hereof must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the Note in every particular without alteration or enlargement or any change whatever.

1

ATTACHMENT 3
 
[FORM OF ASSIGNMENT AND TRANSFER]
 
For value received ____________________________ hereby sell(s), assign(s) and transfer(s) unto _________________ (Please insert social security or Taxpayer Identification Number of assignee) the within Note, and hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints _____________________ attorney to transfer the said Note on the books of the Company, with full power of substitution in the premises.
 
Dated:



   

   
Signature(s)
 

 
Signature Guarantee

Signature(s) must be guaranteed by an
eligible Guarantor Institution (banks, stock
brokers, savings and loan associations and
credit unions) with membership in an approved
signature guarantee medallion program pursuant
to Securities and Exchange Commission
Rule 17Ad-15 if Notes are to be delivered, other
than to and in the name of the registered holder.
 
NOTICE:  The signature on the assignment must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the Note in every particular without alteration or enlargement or any change whatever.
 

1


Exhibit 5.1


Bitdeer Technologies Group
D
+852 3656 6054 / +852 3656 6073
E
nathan.powell@ogier.com
rachel.huang@ogier.com



Reference: NMP/RYH/181962.00002

20 August 2024

Dear Sirs

Bitdeer Technologies Group (the Company)

We have acted as Cayman Islands counsel to the Company in connection with the Company’s registration statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-278027) (the Registration Statement) as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) under the United States Securities Act of 1933 (the Act), as amended and declared effective by the Commission on 2 April 2024, the base prospectus contained in the Registration Statement, the preliminary prospectus supplement dated 15 August 2024 and the final prospectus supplement dated 16 August 2024 (together, the Prospectus) relating to the Company's offering and sale of (i) an aggregate of US$150,000,000 principal amount of 8.50% convertible senior notes due 2029 (the Initial Notes) convertible into the class A ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0000001 each of the Company (the Class A Shares) and (ii) at the election of the Underwriters (as defined below), up to an aggregate of US$22,500,000 additional principal amount of such 8.50% convertible senior notes due 2029 convertible into the Class A Shares (together with the Initial Notes, the Notes).
 
We are furnishing this opinion as Exhibits 5.1 and 23.1 to the Company's current report on Form 6-K which will be incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (the Form 6-K).
 
1
Documents examined
 
For the purposes of giving this opinion, we have examined originals, copies, or drafts of the documents set forth in Schedule 1. In addition, we have examined the corporate and other documents and conducted the searches listed in Schedule 1. We have not made any searches or enquiries concerning, and have not examined any documents entered into by or affecting the Company or any other person, save for the searches, enquiries and examinations expressly referred to in Schedule 1.

Ogier
Providing advice on British Virgin Islands,
Cayman Islands and Guernsey laws
 
Floor 11 Central Tower
28 Queen's Road Central
Central
Hong Kong
 
T +852 3656 6000
F +852 3656 6001
ogier.com
Partners
Nicholas Plowman
Nathan Powell
Anthony Oakes
Oliver Payne
Kate Hodson
David Nelson
Justin Davis
Joanne Collett
Florence Chan*
Lin Han
Cecilia Li**
Rachel Huang**
Yuki Yan**
Richard Bennett**
James Bergstrom
Marcus Leese
*  admitted in New Zealand
  admitted in New York
** admitted in England and Wales
  not ordinarily resident in Hong Kong


Page 2 of 11
2
Assumptions
 
In giving this opinion we have relied upon the assumptions set forth in this paragraph 2 without having carried out any independent investigation or verification in respect of those assumptions:
 

(a)
all original documents examined by us are authentic and complete;
 

(b)
all copies of documents examined by us (whether in facsimile, electronic or other form) conform to the originals and those originals are authentic and complete;
 

(c)
all signatures, seals, dates, stamps and markings (whether on original or copy documents) are genuine;
 

(d)
each of the Good Standing Certificate, the Register and the Director’s Certificate (each as defined in Schedule 1) is accurate and complete as at the date of this opinion;
 

(e)
the CORIS Search (as defined in Schedule 1) which we have examined is accurate and that the information disclosed by the CORIS Search is true and complete and that such information has not since been altered;
 

(f)
all copies of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement (as defined in Schedule 1), the Indentures (as defined in Schedule 1) and the Global Note (as defined in Schedule 1) are true and correct copies and the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note conform in every material respect to the latest drafts of the same produced to us and, where any of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note has been provided to us in successive drafts marked-up to indicate changes to such documents, all such changes have been so indicated;
 

(g)
the Board Resolutions (as defined in Schedule 1) remain in full force and effect and each of the directors of the Company has acted in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company and has exercised the standard of care, diligence and skill that is required of him or her in approving the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note and no director has a financial interest in or other relationship to a party of the transactions contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note which has not been properly disclosed in the Board Resolutions;
 

(h)
each of the parties to the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note other than the Company is duly incorporated, formed or organised (as applicable), validly existing and in good standing under all relevant laws;
 

(i)
each of the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note has been authorised and duly executed and unconditionally delivered by or on behalf of all parties to it in accordance with all applicable laws (other than, in the case of the Company, the laws of the Cayman Islands);
 

Page 3 of 11

(j)
each of the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note is legal, valid and binding and enforceable against all relevant parties in accordance with its terms under relevant law (other than, in the case of the Company, the laws of the Cayman Islands);
 

(k)
none of the opinions expressed herein will be adversely affected by the laws or public policies of any jurisdiction other than the Cayman Islands. In particular, but without limitation to the previous sentence:
 

(i)
the laws or public policies of any jurisdiction other than the Cayman Islands will not adversely affect the capacity or authority of the Company; and
 

(ii)
neither the execution or delivery of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures or the Global Note nor the exercise by any party to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures or the Global Note of its rights or the performance of its obligations under them contravene those laws or public policies;
 

(l)
there are no agreements, documents or arrangements (other than the documents expressly referred to in this opinion as having been examined by us) that materially affect or modify the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures, the Global Note or the transactions contemplated by them or restrict the powers and authority of the Company in any way;
 

(m)
no monies paid to or for the account of any party under the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note represent or will represent criminal property or terrorist property (as defined in the Proceeds of Crime Act (as revised) and the Terrorism Act (as revised), respectively);
 

(n)
the express choice in each of the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note of the laws of the State of New York as the governing law of that document was made in good faith and is valid and binding under the laws of the State of New York and all other relevant laws (other than the laws of the Cayman Islands);
 

(o)
the issue of the Class A Shares upon the conversion of the Notes pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note at the time of issuance, whether as principal issue or on the conversion, exchange or exercise of any Notes, would not result in the Company exceeding its authorised share capital; and upon the issue of any Class A Shares, the Company will receive consideration for the full issue price thereof which shall be equal to at least the par value thereof and that such issuance will be duly registered, and will continue to be registered, in the Company's register of members;
 

(p)
there are no circumstances or matters of fact existing which may properly form the basis for an application for an order for rectification of the register of members of the Company;
 

(q)
the certificates for the Class A Shares will conform to the specimen as set out thereof and upon issuance will have been duly countersigned by the transfer agent and duly registered by the registrar for the Class A Shares, or, if uncertificated, valid book-entry notations for the issuance of the Class A Shares in uncertificated form will have been duly made in the share register of the Company;
 

Page 4 of 11

(r)
no invitation has been or will be made by or on behalf of the Company to the public in the Cayman Islands to subscribe for any of the Class A Shares or the Notes;
 

(s)
at the time of the conversion of the Notes in accordance with its terms (the Conversion):
 

(i)
the Company will not have been struck off or placed in liquidation; and
 

(ii)
the issue price for each Class A Share issued upon the Conversion will not be less than the par value of such Class A Share;
 

(t)
neither the directors nor the shareholders of the Company have taken any steps to appoint a liquidator of the Company and no receiver or restructuring officer has been appointed over any of the Company’s property or assets; and
 

(u)
there is no provision of the law of any jurisdiction, other than the Cayman Islands, which would have any implication in relation to the opinions expressed herein.
 
3
Opinions
 
On the basis of the examinations and assumptions referred to above and subject to the qualifications set forth in Schedule 2 and the limitations set forth below, we are of the opinion that:
 
Corporate status
 

(a)
The Company has been duly incorporated as an exempted company with limited liability and is validly existing and in good standing with the Registrar (as defined in Schedule 1).
 
Authorised share capital
 

(b)
The authorised share capital of the Company is US$50,000.00 divided into 500,000,000,000 shares of a par value of US$0.0000001 each comprising:
 

(i)
499,600,000,000 class A ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0000001 each,
 

(ii)
200,000,000 class V ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.0000001 each, and
 

(iii)
200,000,000 undesignated shares of a par value of US$0.0000001 each, of such class or classes (however designated) as the board of directors may determine in accordance with Articles 8 and 9 of the Memorandum and Articles (as defined in Schedule 1).


Page 5 of 11
Valid issuance of Class A Shares
 

(c)
When the board of directors of the Company has taken all necessary corporate action to authorise the issuance of the Class A Shares upon conversion of the Notes contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note, and when the Class A Shares issued by the Company upon:
 

(i)
payment in full of the consideration as set out in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note and in accordance with the terms set out in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note and in accordance with the Board Resolutions and the Memorandum and Articles; and
 

(ii)
the entry of those Shares as fully paid on the register of members of the Company,
 
shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
 

(d)
When the board of directors of the Company has taken all necessary corporate action to authorise the issuance of the Notes contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note, and the Indentures and the Global Note have been authorised and duly executed and delivered by and on behalf of the Company and all the relevant parties thereunder in accordance with all relevant laws, and when the Notes have been:
 

(i)
duly executed and delivered on behalf of the Company and authenticated in a manner set forth in the Indentures and the Global Note; and
 

(ii)
delivered by the Company upon payment in full of the consideration as set out in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note and in accordance with the terms set out in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Underwriting Agreement, the Indentures and the Global Note and in accordance with the Board Resolutions and the Memorandum and Articles,
 
shall be duly executed, issued and delivered.
 
Registration statement – taxation
 

(e)
The statements contained in the Prospectus in the section headed “Taxation - Cayman Islands Taxation”, insofar as they purport to summarise the laws or regulations of the Cayman Islands, are accurate in all material respects and that such statements constitute our opinion.
 
4
Matters not covered
 
We offer no opinion:
 

(a)
as to any laws other than the laws of the Cayman Islands, and we have not, for the purposes of this opinion, made any investigation of the laws of any other jurisdiction, and we express no opinion as to the meaning, validity, or effect of references in the documents reviewed to statutes, rules, regulations, codes or judicial authority of any jurisdiction other than the Cayman Islands;
 

Page 6 of 11

(b)
except to the extent that this opinion expressly provides otherwise, as to the commercial terms of, or the validity, enforceability or effect of the documents reviewed (or as to how the commercial terms of such documents reflect the intentions of the parties), the accuracy of representations, the fulfilment of warranties or conditions, the occurrence of events of default or terminating events or the existence of any conflicts or inconsistencies among the documents reviewed and any other agreements into which the Company may have entered or any other documents; or
 

(c)
as to whether the acceptance, execution or performance of the Company’s obligations under the documents reviewed will result in the breach of or infringe any other agreement, deed or document (other than the Memorandum and Articles) entered into by or binding on the Company.
 
5
Governing law of this opinion
 
5.1
This opinion is:
 

(a)
governed by, and shall be construed in accordance with, the laws of the Cayman Islands;
 

(b)
limited to the matters expressly stated in it; and
 

(c)
confined to, and given on the basis of, the laws and practice in the Cayman Islands at the date of this opinion.
 
5.2
Unless otherwise indicated, a reference to any specific Cayman Islands legislation is a reference to that legislation as amended to, and as in force at, the date of this opinion.
 
6
Who can rely on this opinion
 
6.1
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Form 6-K to the reference to our firm under the headings "Enforceability of Civil Liability", “Taxation”, “Legal Matters” and elsewhere in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act, or the Rules and Regulations of the Commission thereunder.
 
6.2
This opinion may be used only in connection with the Class A Shares and the Notes by the Company while the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are effective. With the exception of your professional advisers (acting only in that capacity), it may not be relied upon by any person, other than persons entitled to rely upon it pursuant to the provisions of the Act, without our prior written consent.
 
Yours faithfully
 
/s/ Ogier

Ogier


Page 7 of 11
SCHEDULE 1

Documents examined

1
The certificate of incorporation of the Company dated 8 December 2021 issued by the Registrar of Companies of the Cayman Islands (the Registrar).
 
2
The amended and restated memorandum and articles of association of the Company adopted by a special resolution passed on 8 March 2023 and effective at the Acquisition Merger Effective Time (as defined therein) and filed with the Registrar on 13 April 2023 and the written resolutions by all the directors of the Company passed on 9 June 2023 and filed with the Registrar on 9 June 2023 (together, the Memorandum and Articles).
 
3
The certificate of good standing dated 9 August 2024 (the Good Standing Certificate) issued by the Registrar in respect of the Company.
 
4
The register of directors and officers of the Company dated 1 March 2024 (the Register).
 
5
A certificate from a director of the Company dated 20 August 2024 as to certain matters of facts (the Director's Certificate).
 
6
The Register of Writs at the office of the Clerk of Courts in the Cayman Islands as inspected by us on 20 August 2024 (the Register of Writs).
 
7
A search on the Cayman Online Registry Information Service conducted against the Company at the Registrar on 20 August 2024 (the CORIS Search).
 
8
The unanimously written resolutions of the board of directors of the Company passed on 13 August 2024.
 
9
The unanimously written resolutions of the pricing committee to the board of directors of the Company passed on 15 August 2024 (together with item 8 above, the Board Resolutions).
 
10
A New York law governed underwriting agreement dated 15 August 2024 between the underwriter(s) named therein (the Underwriters) and the Company (the Underwriting Agreement).
 
11
An indenture dated 20 August 2024 (the Base Indenture) between the Company and the trustee named therein (the Trustee).
 
12
A first supplemental indenture supplementing the Base Indenture dated 20 August 2024 between the Company and the Trustee (together with the Base Indenture, the Indentures).
 
13
The global note(s) constituting the Notes dated 20 August 2024 (the Global Note).
 
14
The Registration Statement and the Form 6-K.
 
15
The Prospectus.
 

Page 8 of 11
SCHEDULE 2
 
Qualifications
 
Good standing
 
1
Under the Companies Act (Revised) (Companies Act) of the Cayman Islands, annual returns in respect of the Company must be filed with the Registrar, together with payment of annual filing fees. A failure to file annual returns and pay annual filing fees may result in the Company being struck off the Register of Companies, following which its assets will vest in the Financial Secretary of the Cayman Islands and will be subject to disposition or retention for the benefit of the public of the Cayman Islands.
 
2
In good standing means only that as of the date of the Good Standing Certificate the Company is up-to-date with the filing of its annual returns and payment of annual fees with the Registrar. We have made no enquiries into the Company's good standing with respect to any filings or payment of fees, or both, that it may be required to make under the laws of the Cayman Islands other than the Companies Act.
 
Register of members
 
3
Under the Companies Act, the register of members of a Cayman Islands company is by statute regarded as prima facie evidence of any matters which the Companies Act directs or authorises to be inserted therein. A third party interest in the shares in question would not appear. An entry in the register of members may yield to a court order for rectification (for example, in the event of fraud or manifest error).
 
Non-assessable
 
4
In this opinion, the phrase “non-assessable” means, with respect to the Class A Shares, that a shareholder shall not, solely by virtue of its status as a shareholder, be liable for additional assessments or calls on the Class A Shares by the Company or its creditors (except in exceptional circumstances, such as involving fraud, the establishment of an agency relationship or an illegal or improper purpose or other circumstance in which a court may be prepared to pierce or lift the corporate veil).
 
5
We are not aware of any Cayman Islands authority as to when the courts would set aside the limited liability of a shareholder in a Cayman Islands company. Our opinion on the subject is based on the Companies Act and English common law authorities, the latter of which are persuasive but not binding in the courts of the Cayman Islands. Under English authorities, circumstances in which a court would attribute personal liability to a shareholder are very limited, and include: (a) such shareholder expressly assuming direct liability (such as a guarantee); (b) the company acting as the agent of such shareholder; (c) the company being incorporated by or at the behest of such shareholder for the purpose of committing or furthering such shareholder’s fraud, or for a sham transaction otherwise carried out by such shareholder. In the absence of these circumstances, we are of the opinion that a Cayman Islands’ court would have no grounds to set aside the limited liability of a shareholder.
 

Page 9 of 11
Register of Writs
 
6
Our examination of the Register of Writs cannot conclusively reveal whether or not there is:
 

a.
any current or pending litigation in the Cayman Islands against the Company; or
 

b.
any application for the winding up or dissolution of the Company or the appointment of any liquidator, trustee in bankruptcy or restructuring officer in respect of the Company or any of its assets,
 
as notice of these matters might not be entered on the Register of Writs immediately or updated expeditiously or the court file associated with the matter or the matter itself may not be publicly available (for example, due to sealing orders having been made). Furthermore, we have not conducted a search of the summary court. Claims in the summary court are limited to a maximum of CI $20,000.
 
Enforceability
 
7
The obligations assumed by the Company under the Indentures and the Global Note will not necessarily be enforceable in all circumstances in accordance with their terms. In particular, but without limitation:
 

(a)
enforcement may be limited by insolvency or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors;
 

(b)
enforcement may be limited by general principles of equity. In particular, equitable remedies, such as specific performance and injunction, will only be granted by a court in its discretion and may not be available where the court considers damages to be an adequate remedy;
 

(c)
a claim may be barred by statutes of limitation, or it may be or become subject to defences of set-off, abatement, laches or counterclaim and the doctrines of estoppel, waiver, election, forbearance or abandonment;
 

(d)
a court may refuse to allow unjust enrichment;
 

(e)
a person who is not a party to the Indentures or the Global Note that is governed by Cayman Islands law may not have the benefit of and may not be able to enforce its terms except to the extent that the relevant document expressly provides that the third party may, in its own right, enforce such rights (subject to and in accordance with the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act (Revised);
 

(f)
enforcement of an obligation of a party under the Indentures or the Global Note may be invalidated or vitiated by reason of fraud, duress, misrepresentation or undue influence or it may be limited by Cayman Islands law dealing with frustration of contracts;
 

(g)
a provision of the Indentures or the Global Note that fetters any statutory power of a Cayman Islands’ company, such as a provision restricting the company’s power to commence its winding up, to alter its memorandum and articles of association or to increase its share capital, may not be enforceable;
 

(h)
the effectiveness of a provision in the Indentures or the Global Note releasing a party from a liability or duty otherwise owed may be limited by law;
 

Page 10 of 11

(i)
a court will not enforce a provision of the Indentures or the Global Note to the extent that it may be illegal or contrary to public policy in the Cayman Islands or purports to bar a party unconditionally from, seeking any relief from the courts of the Cayman Islands or any other court or tribunal chosen by the parties;
 

(j)
a provision of the Indentures or the Global Note that is construed as being penal in nature, in that it provides that a breach of a primary obligation results in a secondary obligation that imposes a detriment on the contract-breaker out of all proportion to any legitimate interest of the innocent party in the enforcement of the primary obligation will not be enforceable (and we express no opinion as to whether such a provision is proportionate);
 

(k)
a court may refuse to give effect to a provision in the Indentures or the Global Note (including a provision that relates to contractual interest on a judgment debt) that it considers usurious;
 

(l)
a court may not enforce a provision of the Indentures or the Global Note to the extent that the transactions contemplated by it contravene economic or other sanctions imposed in respect of certain states or jurisdictions by a treaty, law, order or regulation applicable to the Cayman Islands;
 

(m)
a court may refuse to give effect to a provision in the Indentures or the Global Note that involves the enforcement of any foreign revenue or penal laws;
 

(n)
where a contract provides for the payment of legal fees and expenses incurred by a party to that contract in enforcing the contract, a party who succeeds in enforcing the contract is entitled to recover by court judgment the amount of the legal fees and expenses found to be due under the terms of the contract. In all other cases, costs of legal proceedings can only be recovered from another party to the proceedings by a court order, which is a matter for the discretion of the court, and such costs are liable to taxation (assessment by the court); and
 

(o)
enforcement or performance of any provision in the Indentures or the Global Note which relates to any shares, voting rights or other rights (Relevant Interest) that are subject to a restrictions notice issued pursuant to the Companies Act or the Limited Liability Companies Act (Revised) of the Cayman Islands (a Restrictions Notice) may be prohibited or restricted if any such Relevant Interest is or becomes subject to a Restrictions Notice.
 
8
A court may determine in its discretion the extent of enforceability of a provision of the Indentures or the Global Note that provides for or requires, as the case may be:
 

(a)
severability of any provision of the Indentures or the Global Note held to be illegal or unenforceable;
 

(b)
any calculation, determination or certificate to be conclusive or binding, including if that calculation, determination or certificate is fraudulent or manifestly inaccurate or has an unreasonable or arbitrary basis;
 

(c)
the vesting in a party of a discretion or of a power to determine a matter in its opinion, if that discretion is exercised unreasonably or the opinion is not based on reasonable grounds; or
 

Page 11 of 11

(d)
written amendments or waivers of the Indentures or the Global Note, if a purported amendment or waiver is effected by oral agreement or course of conduct,
 
and we express no opinion on any provisions of that type.
 
9
The law of the Cayman Islands may not recognise a difference between negligence and gross negligence.




EXHIBIT 5.2


Will H. Cai
T: +852 3758 1210
wcai@cooley.com
 
August 20, 2024
 
Bitdeer Technologies Group
08 Kallang Avenue
Aperia tower 1, #09-03/04
Singapore 339509
 
Ladies and Gentlemen:
 
We have acted as counsel to Bitdeer Technologies Group, an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability (the “Company”), in connection with the issuance and sale of $172,500,000 aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 8.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (the “Securities”). The Securities are to be sold pursuant to that certain Underwriting Agreement, dated August 15, 2024, by and between BTIG, LLC and B. Riley Securities, Inc., as representatives of the underwriters listed on Schedule I thereto (the “Underwriters”), and the Company (the “Agreement”) and a Registration Statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-278027) (the “Registration Statement”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the prospectus included within the Registration Statement (the “Base Prospectus”), and the prospectus supplement dated August 15, 2024 filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the rules and regulations under the Securities Act (together with the Base Prospectus, the “Final Prospectus”). The Securities are to be issued pursuant to that certain Indenture, dated August 20, 2024, by and between the Company and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”) (the “Base Indenture”), as supplemented by a First Supplemental Indenture, dated August 20, 2024, by and between the Company and the Trustee (together with the Base Indenture, the “Indenture”).
 
In connection with this opinion, we have examined and relied upon (i) the representations and warranties as to factual matters and have assumed performance of the covenants contained in and made pursuant to the Agreement and the Indenture by the various parties thereto, (ii) the Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus, and (iii) such other records, documents, certificates, opinions, memoranda and instruments as in our judgment are necessary or appropriate to enable us to render the opinion expressed below. As to certain factual matters, we have relied upon a certificate of an officer of the Company and have not independently verified such matters.

Our opinion is expressed only with respect to the laws of the State of New York. We express no opinion as to whether any particular laws apply and no opinion to the extent that any laws other than those identified above are applicable to the subject matter hereof. We note that the Company is incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands and that our opinion is limited to the laws identified in the first sentence of this paragraph. We have assumed all matters determinable under the laws of the Cayman Islands, including without limitation, the valid existence, good standing and corporate power of the Company and the due authorization, execution and delivery by the Company of the Operative Documents. We have also assumed that the laws of the Cayman Islands would not impose any requirements or have any consequences relevant to our understanding of the matters addressed in this opinion that would impact our conclusions with respect thereto.

PARTNERS: WILL H. CAI MICHAEL X. YU PANG LEE FERISH P. PATEL ETHAN Z. JIN XUN ZENG JIE ZHANG
REGISTERED FOREIGN LAWYER (NEW YORK): YIMING LIU
 
Cooley HK 35th Floor Two Exchange Square 8 Connaught Place Central Hong Kong
T: +852 3758 1200 F: +852 3014 7818 cooley.com

August 20, 2024
Page Two
 
In rendering this opinion, we have assumed, without investigation: (i) the genuineness of all signatures; (ii) the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals; (iii) the conformity to originals of all documents submitted to us as copies; (iv) the accuracy, completeness and authenticity of certificates of public officials; (v) the due organization or formation of all persons party to the Operative Documents; (vi) the valid existence, good standing in the jurisdiction of organization or incorporation and the corporate or similar power to enter into and perform the Operative Documents in accordance with their respective terms, of all persons party to any Operative Document; (vii) the due authorization, execution and delivery of all documents, in each case, where the authorization, execution and delivery thereof by such parties are prerequisites to the effectiveness of such documents; (viii) the legal capacity of all individuals executing and delivering documents to so execute and deliver; (ix) that the Underwriters have received all documents they were to receive under the Operative Documents; (x) compliance by the Underwriters and the Trustee with any state or federal laws applicable to the transactions contemplated by the Operative Documents because of the nature of their respective businesses; (xi) the Operative Documents constitute valid and binding obligations, enforceable in accordance with their terms against all parties thereto (except that such assumption is not made with respect to the Indenture and the Securities as to the Company); and (xii) there are no extrinsic agreements or understandings among the parties to the Operative Documents that would modify or interpret the terms thereof or the respective rights or obligations of the parties thereunder. We are not hereby rendering any opinion with respect to any ordinary shares of the Company issuable upon the conversion of the Securities.

Our opinion is subject to the following additional qualifications and limitations:
 
(i)          Our opinion is subject to, and may be limited by (a) applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance, debtor and creditor, and similar laws which relate to or affect creditors’ rights generally, (b) general principles of equity (including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing) regardless of whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law, and (c) mandatory choice of law and jurisdiction rules and constitutional limitations on the validity of the appointment of an agent for service of process or on the effectiveness of other methods of service of process;

(ii)            Our opinion is subject to the qualification that (a) the enforceability of provisions for indemnification or limitations on liability may be limited by applicable law or public policy considerations, and (b) the availability of specific performance, an injunction or other equitable remedies is subject to the discretion of the court before which the request is brought;
 
(iii)          We express no opinion as to any provision of the Securities or the

PARTNERS: WILL H. CAI MICHAEL X. YU PANG LEE FERISH P. PATEL ETHAN Z. JIN XUN ZENG JIE ZHANG
REGISTERED FOREIGN LAWYER (NEW YORK): YIMING LIU
 
Cooley HK 35th Floor Two Exchange Square 8 Connaught Place Central Hong Kong
T: +852 3758 1200 F: +852 3014 7818 cooley.com

August 20, 2024
Page Three
 
Indenture that: (a) relates to the subject matter jurisdiction of any federal court of the United States of America or any federal appellate court to adjudicate any controversy related to the Securities or the Indenture; (b) contains a waiver of an inconvenient forum; (c) relates to a right of setoff; (d) provides for liquidated damages, default interest, late charges, monetary penalties, prepayment or make-whole payments or other economic remedies; (e) relates to advance waivers of claims, defenses, rights granted by law, or notice, opportunity for hearing, evidentiary requirements, statutes of limitations, trial by jury, or procedural rights; (f) restricts non-written modifications and waivers; (g) provides for the payment of legal and other professional fees where such payment is contrary to law or public policy; (h) relates to exclusivity, election or accumulation of rights or remedies; (i) authorizes or validates conclusive or discretionary determinations; (j) provides that provisions of the Securities or the Indenture are severable to the extent an essential part of the agreed exchange is determined to be invalid and unenforceable; (k) provides that a party’s waiver of any breach of any provision of the Securities or the Indenture is not to be construed as a waiver by such party of any prior breach of such provision or of any other provision of the Securities or the Indenture; (l) provides any party the right to accelerate obligations or exercise remedies without notice; (m) purports to permit the Trustee or any holder of the Securities to act as any party’s agent and attorney-in-fact; (n) specifies that the liability of any indemnitor shall not be affected by actions or failures to act on the part of the beneficiaries of the indemnity or by amendments or waivers of provisions of documents creating and governing the indemnified obligations if such actions, failures to act, amendments or waivers change the essential nature of the terms and conditions of the indemnified obligations so that, in effect, a new contract has arisen between the recipient of the indemnity and the primary obligor on whose behalf the indemnity was issued; or (o) provides for a right or remedy which may be held to be arbitrary or unconscionable, a penalty or otherwise in violation of public policy;
 
(iv)           We express no opinion as to whether a state court outside of the State of New York or a federal court of the United States would give effect to the choice of New York law or forum provided for in the Securities and the Indenture; and

(v)            We express no opinion with respect to any provision of the Operative Documents to the extent it (a) contains a waiver of any objection based on inappropriate venue or forum non conveniens in a federal court of the United States, (b) implies that a federal court of the United States has subject matter jurisdiction, or (c) purports to grant any court exclusive jurisdiction. In connection with any provision of the Securities or the Indenture that contains a waiver of an inconvenient forum, we note that under N.Y.C.P.L.R. Section 510 a New York State court may have discretion to transfer the place of trial.
 
On the basis of the foregoing, in reliance thereon, and subject to the assumptions, qualifications, limitations and exceptions set forth herein, we are of the opinion that the Securities are binding obligations of the Company.
 
This opinion is limited to the matters expressly set forth in this letter, and no opinion has been or should be implied, or may be inferred, beyond the matters expressly stated. This opinion speaks only as to law and facts in effect or existing as of the date hereof, and we have no obligation or responsibility to update or supplement this opinion to reflect any facts or circumstances that may hereafter come to our attention or any changes in law that may hereafter occur.

PARTNERS: WILL H. CAI MICHAEL X. YU PANG LEE FERISH P. PATEL ETHAN Z. JIN XUN ZENG JIE ZHANG
REGISTERED FOREIGN LAWYER (NEW YORK): YIMING LIU
 
Cooley HK 35th Floor Two Exchange Square 8 Connaught Place Central Hong Kong
T: +852 3758 1200 F: +852 3014 7818 cooley.com

August 20, 2024
Page Four
 
We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption “Legal Matters” in the Final Prospectus and to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to a Current Report of the Company on Form 6-K. In giving such consents, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act, or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
Very truly yours,

Cooley LLP
 
   
By:
/s/ Will H. Cai
 
 
Will H. Cai
 


PARTNERS: WILL H. CAI MICHAEL X. YU PANG LEE FERISH P. PATEL ETHAN Z. JIN XUN ZENG JIE ZHANG
REGISTERED FOREIGN LAWYER (NEW YORK): YIMING LIU
 
Cooley HK 35th Floor Two Exchange Square 8 Connaught Place Central Hong Kong
T: +852 3758 1200 F: +852 3014 7818 cooley.com